Astronomy LAB
the planet Mercury rotates on its axis only about once every 90 days, and its axis is tilted only 2 degrees. predict what temperatures are like on this world.
one day for mercury is the equivalent for a day of ours which means that they have more hours of sunlight. Supper long summers and extremely cold winters.
which is better at clearly predicting where mars appears on the sky
ptolemaic model was better at predicting where mars is on the sky
why does the sun appear to be moving over the course of the year?
the sun appears to be moving because the earth is orbiting around it. it is moving in a counter clockwise direction. The earth is moving around the sun.
how many degrees per day does the sun appear to move?
the sun appears to move 24'arc minutes in azimuth and 11 arc'min in altitude per day. or 1.014 degres per day.
compared to constellations which direction does the sun appear to move?
the sun appears to move from west to east
which model predicted phases that match the observations
the sun centered copernican model
what direction is the sun spinning
the sun is spinning counter clockwise
how does the yearly temperature range change as one moves from near the equator to near the poles?
the yearly temperature range increases as one moves from the equator to farther from the equator.
how do the planets move across the night sky
they move from east to west
how would the change in temperature be different during a year if the earth was tilted over further?
we would have longer summers and longer winters we would be like the poles. having 6 months of sunlight and 6 months of darkness.
how much of the illuminated part of the moon can we see when it is full
you can see 100% of the illuminated moon when it is full
how much of the illuminated part of the moon can we see when it is new
0%
Why do the stars appear to move over the course of a day?
The stars appear to move over the course of a day because the earth is rotating on its axis. The stars are not moving rather the earth is rotating.
why do solar eclipses only occur during the phase you identified?
a solar eclipse can only occur during the new moon phase because that is when the sun casts the moons shadow on the earth. during a new moon the sun and moon are on the same side, it happens rarely because the moon can be slightly above or below the earths allingment.
how much of the illuminated part can we see while it is waxing phase
about half of the illuminated part
how often to planets retrograde
about once per year
what kind of spectra was seen for the helium lamp (gas lamp)
absorbtion
main causes of the seasons on earth
1. directness of sunlight 2. amount of sunlight hours in a day 3. distance away from sun
as the sky appears to turn, how much time does it take for the sun to return to an azimuth of 180 degrees?
24 hours
how many minutes are in one day?
24*60= 1440min
how many degrees does earth rotate per day?
360 degrees
how much dose the earth rotate in a day?
360 degrees/ full circle/ rotation
how many days does it take the earth to complete one orbit around the sun?
365 days
about how may degrees does the earth travel around the sun per day?
365/360= 1.014 degrees
sun spots remain in our direction for how long
7 days
if a dangerous CME was launched towards earth about how much advance notice would we have?
9 and a half days because it takes 9 and a half days for the cme to reach us .
if the seasons were caused by the earths orbit, when it is smmer in the northern hemisphere, what season should it be in the southern hemisphere?
also summer
at all times what fraction of the moons surface is illuminated by the sun?
always half
why does the moons appearance change as it orbits the earth?
because the angle of the illuminated path of the moon that we can see is changing based on the moons orbit around the earth.
which direction does the moon move in order to have it appear to move from west-to-east compared to the background stars over the course of several days?
counterclock wise
when looking down at the north pole, does the earth appear to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise?
counterclockwise
which months tend to be the warmest for southern hemisphere sites
dec jan feb
floresent lamp (color)
emission
lunar eclipse
full phase because the moon and the sun are on opposite sides
during a new moon what fraction of the moons total surface is illuminated by the sun?
half
what phase of the moon is it when it is done waxing?
it is a full moon when it is done waxing
whats the approximate percentage difference between the closest and furthest distance from the sun?
it is around 3.4% between the closets and furthest distance from the sun. ( that small of a percentage distance cannot have such a drastic change in temperature.)
what phase of the moon is it just before it is waxing?
it is new right before it is waxing
why does it take less then 24 hours for the star to appear in the same place it once was?
it takes less than 24 hours because the earth is rotating on an axes and around the sun.
how would our observations of the sun and far away stars be different if the earth rotated clockwise?
it would change the sign of the degree on the unit circle making them negative instead of positive
how much time does it take for the sun to return to the same position, relative to the constellations, as it is today?
its takes he sun about a year and two days
which months tend to be the warmest for northern hemisphere sites
jun july and august
to determine which wavelenth is the longest how do you measure?
look at the first highest peak and look at the wavelength
to measure the duration of sun spots:
measure the years from peak to peak of the sun spots per year
solar eclipse
new phase becuase the suna dn moon are on the same side
on average the eath is about 150 million km from the sun(1AU). at its closest in january, earth is .983 AU from the sun, and at its farthest in july earth is 1.017 AU from the sun. If the seasons were caused by the earths orbit, then which month should be the hottest?
January should be the hotest month
retrograde
small incriments of a backwards motion across the sky clockwise motions
prograde
small incriments of changed placement over the course of many years cunterclockwise motion
wiens law the relationship between an objects temp and the wavelength at which it glows brghtest
t=2898000/brightness of wavelength in nanometers
how many minutes does it take the earth to rotate one degree?
takes about 4 minutes for the earth to rotate one degree
what is the difference in the time it takes for a star appear in the same spot compared to the time it takes the sun to appear in the same spot
the difference in time is 4 minutes
how many degrees does the earth travel along its orbit
the earth travels a 360 degree orbit
how does the highest monthly average temperature tend to change as one moves from near the equator to near the poles?
the highest monthly average temp gradually decreases as one moves near the equator to near the poles.
the brighter and hotter a light is what will be the color of the wavelength
the hotter a light gets the more blue scale it will get
during a full moon where are the earth and the sun in relation to each other
the moon and sun are on opposite side of the earth
during a new moon where are the earth and the sun in relation to each other
the moon and sun are on the same side. the sun is behind the moon and the moon is behind the earth.
during a full moon what fraction of the moons total surface is illuminated by the sun?
the moon half illuminated by the sun
how many degrees did the moon move across the sky each day?
the moon moves around 12 degrees across the sky each day based on my observations.
does the moon move towards the east or to the west
the moon moves towards the west side ( rise in east sets in west)