Atoms and the Periodic Table Review

groups and periods

The periodic table is arranged in columns and rows. What are the columns and the rows of the periodic table are called?

31

An atom of the element gallium (Ga) has 31 protons and 39 neutrons. What is the atomic number of gallium?

125

An atom's mass number is 210 and its atomic number is 85. How many neutrons does the atom have?

an atom of calcium

Calcium is an element. What is the smallest particle of calcium that has all the chemical properties of calcium?

1 atom of magnesium and 2 atoms of chlorine

Each atom of magnesium has 2 valence electrons. Each atom of chlorine has 1 valence electron. Magnesium and chlorine can form the ionic compound magnesium chloride. How many atoms of each element are required to form one unit of magnesium chloride?

1

Fluorine has 7 valence electrons. How many more electrons does it need to achieve a full outermost energy level?

5

How any valence electrons does Nitrogen have?

Atoms of elements, usually nonmetals, share electrons.

How do covalent bonds form?

protons

In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of what other part?

They are good conductors of thermal energy

Metals are often used to make pots and pans for cooking. Which property of metals makes them useful for this purpose?

Nitrogen and carbon are in different groups

Nitrogen has one more valence electron than carbon has. What can you infer about nitrogen's location on the periodic table?

Sodium atoms need to give up only one electron to become stable

Sodium (Na) is in Group 1 of the periodic table. Sodium atoms readily form bonds with other atoms. Which statement best explains this property?

Both are made of atoms.

Think about a wooden chair and a balloon. What do these two objects always have in common?

They have the same number of valence electrons.

What do the elements Mg, Ca, and Sr have in common?

The atom loses one electron.

What happens to cause a sodium atom to form a positively charged sodium ion?

One oxygen atom shares electrons with two hydrogen atoms.

What happens when water forms?

Ca

What is the chemical symbol for Calcium?

9

What is the mass number of an atom that has 4 protons, 4 electrons, and 5 neutrons?

group 8, noble gases

Which group of the periodic table has a complete set of valence electrons?

a neon atom containing 8 valence electrons

Which of the following atoms is least likely to form chemical bonds with other atoms?

An Atom

Which of these is the smallest particle to retain the properties of an element?