Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
well child visit timeline
- 9 months - 18 months - 30 months
intervention approaches
- applied behavioral analysis (ABA) - exercise
ASD 4 diagnoses
- autism - childhood disintegrative disorder - pervasive developmental disorder - asperger syndrome
impairments
- cognitive - language - executive functioning - atypical visual and auditory perception
sensory modulation disorder (SPD)
- difficulty recognizing and organizing - under or over responsive
ASD causes
- environmental - genetic - biologic
related genetic/chromosomal conditions
- fragile x - tuberculosis sclerosis - down syndrome
PT goals
- improve participation - new motor skills - coordination - improve reciprocal play skills - motor imitation skills - increase fitness and stamina
Rett disorder
- in females - grey matter developmental disorder
common motor issues
- low tone - delayed skills - incoordination - poor stability - planning difficulties
ASD prevalence
- most common pediatric diagnosis - 1/36 kids - increasing
brain changes
- overgrowth period - over and under connectivity - slower basal ganglia unctioning
diagnosis criteria
- persistent deficits in multiple contexts - restricted, repetitive patterns - early developmental period - significant impairment
ASD risk factors
- sibling with ASD - genetic or chromosomal conditions - birth complications - born to older parents
common signs at 6 months
- social - communication - fine motor skills
additional challenges
- tend to wander or bolt - often bullied - self-injurious behaviors
ASD associated features
- unusual gait - clumsiness - toe-walking - anxiety/depression
repetitive behaviors
- words/phrases - plays same way - obsessive interests - routines
ASD screenings
18 and 24 months
gross motoor impairment prevalence
about 35% of those with ASD
when most children are diagnosed
after 4 years
ASD onset
before age of 3
engagement with peers
children with ASD are less engaged and les able to imitate others
ASD definition
developmental disability that can cause significant social, communication, and behavioral challenges
qualifying for early intervention
do not need an ASD diagnosis
ASD leading cause of death
drowning
change and ASD
even minor changes can be upsetting
underconnectivity occurs in
long range neuronal fibers
ASD is most common in
males
ASD screening and diagnosis
no specific test
M-CHART-R
parental tool for screening ASD
ASD diagnosis
reliable, calid, adn stable at age 2
motor stereotypes
repetitive rocking, flapping, jumping, or bouncing
common sign
restricted or repetitive behaviors or interests
sensory integration therpay
sensory stimulation techniques to promote positive bahaviors, reduce stereotypes, and modulate arousal
overconnectivity occurs in
short range neuronal fibers
childhood disintegrative disorder
typical development with regression
communication
use pictures, simple instructions, and demonstrations
common signs at 1 year
vision and hearing abnormalities
developmental screenings occur at
well child visits
