AWS DVA-C02

A developer is writing an AWS Lambda function. The developer wants to log key events that occur while the Lambda function runs. The developer wants to include a unique identifier to associate the events with a specific function invocation. The developer adds the following code to the Lambda function: function handler (event, context) { } Which solution will meet this requirement?

Obtain the request identifier from the AWS request ID field in the context object. Configure the application to write logs to a file.

A company is planning to securely manage one-time fixed license keys in AWS. The company's development team needs to access the license keys in automaton scripts that run in Amazon EC2 instances and in AWS CloudFormation stacks. Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store SecureString parameters

A development team maintains a web application by using a single AWS CloudFormation template. The template defines web servers and an Amazon RDS database. The team uses the Cloud Formation template to deploy the Cloud Formation stack to different environments. During a recent application deployment, a developer caused the primary development database to be dropped and recreated. The result of this incident was a loss of data. The team needs to avoid accidental database deletion in the future. Which solutions will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Add a CloudFormation Deletion Policy attribute with the Retain value to the database resource. Create a CloudFormation stack set for the web application and database deployments.

For a deployment using AWS Code Deploy, what is the run order of the hooks for in-place deployments?

ApplicationStop -> BeforeInstall -> AfterInstall -> ApplicationStart

A company is using AWS CodeDeploy for all production deployments. A developer has an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) application that uses the CodeDeployDefault.ECSAIIAtOnce configuration. The developer needs to update the production environment in increments of 10% until the entire production environment is updated. Which CodeDeploy configuration should the developer use to meet these requirements?

CodeDeployDefault.ECSLinear10PercentEvery3Minutes

A developer wants to insert a record into an Amazon DynamoDB table as soon as a new file is added to an Amazon S3 bucket. Which set of steps would be necessary to achieve this?

Configure an S3 event to invoke an AWS Lambda function that inserts records into DynamoDB.

A developer is migrating some features from a legacy monolithic application to use AWS Lambda functions instead. The application currently stores data in an Amazon Aurora DB cluster that runs in private subnets in a VPC. The AWS account has one VPC deployed. The Lambda functions and the DB cluster are deployed in the same AWS Region in the same AWS account. The developer needs to ensure that the Lambda functions can securely access the DB cluster without crossing the public internet. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Configure the VPC, subnets, and a security group for the Lambda functions.

A company is running Amazon EC2 instances in multiple AWS accounts. A developer needs to implement an application that collects all the lifecycle events of the EC2 instances. The application needs to store the lifecycle events in a single Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue in the company's main AWS account for further processing. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Configure the permissions on the main account event bus to receive events from all accounts. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule in each account to send all the EC2 instance lifecycle events to the main account event bus. Add an EventBridge rule to the main account event bus that matches all EC2 instance lifecycle events. Set the SQS queue as a target for the rule.

A company hosts a client-side web application for one of its subsidiaries on Amazon S3. The web application can be accessed through Amazon CloudFront from https://www.example.com. After a successful rollout, the company wants to host three more client-side web applications for its remaining subsidiaries on three separate S3 buckets. To achieve this goal, a developer moves all the common JavaScript files and web fonts to a central S3 bucket that serves the web applications. However, during testing, the developer notices that the browser blocks the JavaScript files and web fonts. What should the developer do to prevent the browser from blocking the JavaScript files and web fonts?

Create a cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) configuration that allows access to the central S3 bucket. Add the CORS configuration to the central S3 bucket.

A developer is creating a mobile app that calls a backend service by using an Amazon API Gateway REST API. For integration testing during the development phase, the developer wants to simulate different backend responses without invoking the backend service. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Create an Amazon EC2 instance that serves the backend REST API by using an AWS CloudFormation template.

A developer is working on a serverless application that needs to process any changes to an Amazon DynamoDB table with an AWS Lambda function. How should the developer configure the Lambda function to detect changes to the DynamoDB table?

Enable DynamoDB Streams on the table. Create a trigger to connect the DynamoDB stream to the Lambda function.

An Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream is receiving customer data that contains personally identifiable information. A developer needs to remove pattern-based customer identifiers from the data and store the modified data in an Amazon S3 bucket. What should the developer do to meet these requirements?

Implement Kinesis Data Firehose data transformation as an AWS Lambda function. Configure the function to remove the customer identifiers. Set an Amazon S3 bucket as the destination of the delivery stream.

A developer is creating an application that includes an Amazon API Gateway REST API in the us-east-2 Region. The developer wants to use Amazon CloudFront and a custom domain name for the API. The developer has acquired an SSL/TLS certificate for the domain from a third-party provider. How should the developer configure the custom domain for the application?

Import the SSL/TLS certificate into CloudFront. Create a DNS CNAME record for the custom domain.

A developer is creating an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy Amazon EC2 instances across multiple AWS accounts. The developer must choose the EC2 instances from a list of approved instance types. How can the developer incorporate the list of approved instance types in the CloudFormation template?

In the CloudFormation template, create a parameter with the list of EC2 instance types as AllowedValues.

A company is using an AWS Lambda function to process records from an Amazon Kinesis data stream. The company recently observed slow processing of the records. A developer notices that the iterator age metric for the function is increasing and that the Lambda run duration is constantly above normal. Which actions should the developer take to increase the processing speed? (Choose two.)

Increase the number of shards of the Kinesis data stream. Increase the memory that is allocated to the Lambda function.

A company is running a custom application on a set of on-premises Linux servers that are accessed using Amazon API Gateway. AWS X-Ray tracing has been enabled on the API test stage. How can a developer enable X-Ray tracing on the on-premises servers with the LEAST amount of configuration?

Install and run the X-Ray daemon on the on-premises servers to capture and relay the data to the X-Ray service.

A developer has an application that stores data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The application uses an HTTP API to store and retrieve objects. When the PutObject API operation adds objects to the S3 bucket the developer must encrypt these objects at rest by using server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3). Which solution will meet this requirement?

Set the x-amz-server-side-encryption header when invoking the PutObject API operation.

A company is migrating legacy internal applications to AWS. Leadership wants to rewrite the internal employee directory to use native AWS services. A developer needs to create a solution for storing employee contact details and high-resolution photos for use with the new application. Which solution will enable the search and retrieval of each employee's individual details and high-resolution photos using AWS APIs?

Store each employee's contact information in an Amazon DynamoDB table along with the object keys for the photos stored in Amazon S3.

A developer has created an AWS Lambda function that is written in Python. The Lambda function reads data from objects in Amazon S3 and writes data to an Amazon DynamoDB table. The function is successfully invoked from an S3 event notification when an object is created. However, the function fails when it attempts to write to the DynamoDB table. What is the MOST likely cause of this issue?

The Lambda function does not have IAM permissions to write to DynamoDB.

A developer wants to expose a legacy web service that uses an XML-based Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) interface through API Gateway. However, there is a compatibility issue since most modern applications communicate data in JSON format. Which is the most cost-effective method that will overcome this issue?

Use API Gateway to create a RESTful API. Transform the incoming JSON into XML using mapping templates. Forward the request into the SOAP interface by using a Lambda function and parse the response (XML) into JSON before sending back to API Gateway.

A company is implementing an application on Amazon EC2 instances. The application needs to process incoming transactions. When the application detects a transaction that is not valid, the application must send a chat message to the company's support team. To send the message, the application needs to retrieve the access token to authenticate by using the chat API. A developer needs to implement a solution to store the access token. The access token must be encrypted at rest and in transit. The access token must also be accessible from other AWS accounts. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST management overhead?

Use an AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store SecureString parameter that uses an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS managed key to store the access token. Add a resource-based policy to the parameter to allow access from other accounts. Update the IAM role of the EC2 instances with permissions to access Parameter Store. Retrieve the token from Parameter Store with the decrypt flag enabled. Use the decrypted access token to send the message to the chat.

A development team wants to build a continuous integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline. The team is using AWS CodePipeline to automate the code build and deployment. The team wants to store the program code to prepare for the CI/CD pipeline. Which AWS service should the team use to store the program code?

AWS CodeCommit

A company is building a scalable data management solution by using AWS services to improve the speed and agility of development. The solution will ingest large volumes of data from various sources and will process this data through multiple business rules and transformations. The solution requires business rules to run in sequence and to handle reprocessing of data if errors occur when the business rules run. The company needs the solution to be scalable and to require the least possible maintenance. Which AWS service should the company use to manage and automate the orchestration of the data flows to meet these requirements?

AWS Glue

A developer is creating a template that uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy an application. The application is serverless and uses Amazon API Gateway, Amazon DynamoDB, and AWS Lambda. Which AWS service or tool should the developer use to define serverless resources in YAML?

AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM)

A developer has written the following IAM policy to provide access to an Amazon S3 bucket: { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "s3:GetObject", "s3:PutObject" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::aws-codestar-us-east-1-666073547644", }, { "Effect": "Deny", "Action": "S3:*", "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::aws-codestar-us-east-1-666073547644", } ] } Which access does the policy allow regarding the s3:GetObject and s3:PutObject actions?

Access on all objects in the "DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET" bucket except on objects that start with "secrets"

A company hosts a three-tier web application on AWS behind an Amazon CloudFront distribution. A developer wants a dashboard to monitor error rates and anomalies of the CloudFront distribution with the shortest possible refresh interval. Which combination of slops should the developer take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Activate real-time logs on the CloudFront distribution. Create a stream in Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. Configure Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to deliver logs to Amazon OpenSearch Service (Amazon Elasticsearch Service). Create a dashboard in OpenSearch Dashboards (Kibana).

A developer is testing a new file storage application that uses an Amazon CloudFront distribution to serve content from an Amazon S3 bucket. The distribution accesses the S3 bucket by using an origin access identity (OAI). The S3 bucket's permissions explicitly deny access to all other users. The application prompts users to authenticate on a login page and then uses signed cookies to allow users to access their personal storage directories. The developer has configured the distribution to use its default cache behavior with restricted viewer access and has set the origin to point to the S3 bucket. However, when the developer tries to navigate to the login page, the developer receives a 403 Forbidden error. The developer needs to implement a solution to allow unauthenticated access to the login page. The solution also must keep all private content secure. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Add a second cache behavior to the distribution with the same origin as the default cache behavior. Set the path pattern for the second cache behavior to the path of the login page, and make viewer access unrestricted. Keep the default cache behavior's settings unchanged.

A developer is using AWS Amplify Hosting to build and deploy an application. The developer is receiving an increased number of bug reports from users. The developer wants to add end-to-end testing to the application to eliminate as many bugs as possible before the bugs reach production. Which solution should the developer implement to meet these requirements?

Add a test phase to the amplify.yml build settings for the application.

A company needs to harden its container images before the images are in a running state. The company's application uses Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) as an image registry. Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) for compute, and an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that orchestrates a continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) workflow. Dynamic application security testing occurs in the final stage of the pipeline after a new image is deployed to a development namespace in the EKS cluster. A developer needs to place an analysis stage before this deployment to analyze the container image earlier in the CI/CD pipeline. Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Add an action to the deployment stage of the pipeline so that the action occurs before the deployment to the EKS cluster. Configure ECR basic image scanning to scan on image push. Use an AWS Lambda function as the action provider. Configure the Lambda function to check the scan results and to fail the pipeline if there are findings.

A web application hosted in Elastic Beanstalk has a configuration file named .ebextensions/debugging.config which has the following content: For its database tier, it uses RDS with Multi-AZ deployments configuration and Read Replicas. There is a new requirement to record calls that your application makes to RDS and other internal or external HTTP web APIs. The tracing information should also include the actual SQL database queries sent by the application, which can be searched using the filter expressions in the X-Ray Console. option_settings: aws:elasticbeanstalk:xray XRayEnabled: true Which of the following should you do to satisfy the above task?

Add annotations in the subsegment section of the segment document.

An application uses Lambda functions to extract metadata from files uploaded to an S3 bucket; the metadata is stored in Amazon DynamoDB. The application starts behaving unexpectedly, and the developer wants to examine the logs of the Lambda function code for errors. Based on this system configuration, where would the developer find the logs?

Amazon CloudWatch

A company has deployed an application on AWS Elastic Beanstalk. The company has configured the Auto Scaling group that is associated with the Elastic Beanstalk environment to have five Amazon EC2 instances. If the capacity is fewer than four EC2 instances during the deployment, application performance degrades. The company is using the all-at-once deployment policy. What is the MOST cost-effective way to solve the deployment issue?

Change the deployment policy to rolling with additional batch. Specify a batch size of 1.

A developer is designing a serverless application with two AWS Lambda functions to process photos. One Lambda function stores objects in an Amazon S3 bucket and stores the associated metadata in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The other Lambda function fetches the objects from the S3 bucket by using the metadata from the DynamoDB table. Both Lambda functions use the same Python library to perform complex computations and are approaching the quota for the maximum size of zipped deployment packages. What should the developer do to reduce the size of the Lambda deployment packages with the LEAST operational overhead?

Create a Lambda layer with the required Python library. Use the Lambda layer in both Lambda functions.

A developer is building a new application on AWS. The application uses an AWS Lambda function that retrieves information from an Amazon DynamoDB table. The developer hard coded the DynamoDB table name into the Lambda function code. The table name might change over time. The developer does not want to modify the Lambda code if the table name changes. Which solution will meet these requirements MOST efficiently?

Create a file to store the table name. Zip the file and upload the file to the Lambda layer. Use the SDK for the programming language to retrieve the table name.

A developer needs to perform geographic load testing of an API. The developer must deploy resources to multiple AWS Regions to support the load testing of the API. How can the developer meet these requirements without additional application code?

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines the load test resources. Use the AWS CLI create- stack-set command to create a stack set in the desired Regions.

A company has an application that uses Amazon Cognito user pools as an identity provider. The company must secure access to user records. The company has set up multi-factor authentication (MFA). The company also wants to send a login activity notification by email every time a user logs in. What is the MOST operationally efficient solution that meets this requirement?

Create an AWS Lambda function that uses Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES) to send the email notification. Add an Amazon Cognito post authentication Lambda trigger for the function.

A developer is using an AWS Lambda function to generate avatars for profile pictures that are uploaded to an Amazon S3 bucket. The Lambda function is automatically invoked for profile pictures that are saved under the / original/ S3 prefix. The developer notices that some pictures cause the Lambda function to time out. The developer wants to implement a fallback mechanism by using another Lambda function that resizes the profile picture. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Create an AWS Step Functions state machine that invokes the avatar generator Lambda function and uses the image resize Lambda function as a fallback. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that matches events from the S3 bucket to invoke the state machine.

A developer wants to store information about movies. Each movie has a title, release year, and genre. The movie information also can include additional properties about the cast and production crew. This additional information is inconsistent across movies. For example, one movie might have an assistant director, and another movie might have an animal trainer. The developer needs to implement a solution to support the following use cases: For a given title and release year, get all details about the movie that has that title and release year. For a given title, get all details about all movies that have that title. For a given genre, get all details about all movies in that genre. Which data store configuration will meet these requirements?

Create an Amazon DynamoDB table. Configure the table with a primary key that consists of the title as the partition key and the release year as the sort key. Create a global secondary index that uses the genre as the partition key and the title as the sort key.

A developer is creating an application that will be deployed on IoT devices. The application will send data to a RESTful API that is deployed as an AWS Lambda function. The application will assign each API request a unique identifier. The volume of API requests from the application can randomly increase at any given time of day. During periods of request throttling, the application might need to retry requests. The API must be able to handle duplicate requests without inconsistencies or data loss. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Create an Amazon DynamoDB table. Store the unique identifier for each request in the table. Modify the Lambda function to check the table for the identifier before processing the request.

A developer is creating an application that will store personal health information (PHI). The PHI needs to be encrypted at all times. An encrypted Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance is storing the data. The developer wants to increase the performance of the application by caching frequently accessed data while adding the ability to sort or rank the cached datasets. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Create an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis instance. Enable encryption of data in transit and at rest. Store frequently accessed data in the cache.

A company has a multi-node Windows legacy application that runs on premises. The application uses a network shared folder as a centralized configuration repository to store configuration files in .xml format. The company is migrating the application to Amazon EC2 instances. As part of the migration to AWS, a developer must identify a solution that provides high availability for the repository. Which solution will meet this requirement MOST cost-effectively?

Create an Amazon S3 bucket to host the repository. Migrate the existing .xml files to the S3 bucket. Update the application code to use the AWS SDK to read and write configuration files from Amazon S3.

A company receives food orders from multiple partners. The company has a microservices application that uses Amazon API Gateway APIs with AWS Lambda integration. Each partner sends orders by calling a customized API that is exposed through API Gateway. The API call invokes a shared Lambda function to process the orders. Partners need to be notified after the Lambda function processes the orders. Each partner must receive updates for only the partner's own orders. The company wants to add new partners in the future with the fewest code changes possible. Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST scalable way?

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Configure the Lambda function to publish messages with specific attributes to the SNS topic. Subscribe each partner to the SNS topic. Apply the appropriate filter policy to the topic subscriptions.

A financial company must store original customer records for 10 years for legal reasons. A complete record contains personally identifiable information (PII). According to local regulations, PII is available to only certain people in the company and must not be shared with third parties. The company needs to make the records available to third-party organizations for statistical analysis without sharing the PII. A developer wants to store the original immutable record in Amazon S3. Depending on who accesses the S3 document, the document should be returned as is or with all the PII removed. The developer has written an AWS Lambda function to remove the PII from the document. The function is named removePii. What should the developer do so that the company can meet the PII requirements while maintaining only one copy of the document?

Create an S3 Object Lambda access point from the S3 console. Select the removePii function. Use S3 Access Points to access the object without PII.

An ecommerce company is using an AWS Lambda function behind Amazon API Gateway as its application tier. To process orders during checkout, the application calls a POST API from the frontend. The POST API invokes the Lambda function asynchronously. In rare situations, the application has not processed orders. The Lambda application logs show no errors or failures. What should a developer do to solve this problem?

Create and inspect the Lambda dead-letter queue. Troubleshoot the failed functions. Reprocess the events.

A company has deployed infrastructure on AWS. A development team wants to create an AWS Lambda function that will retrieve data from an Amazon Aurora database. The Amazon Aurora database is in a private subnet in company's VPC. The VPC is named VPC1. The data is relational in nature. The Lambda function needs to access the data securely. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Create and launch a Lambda function in a new public subnet that is in a new VPC named VPC2. Create a peering connection between VPC1 and VPC2.

A developer maintains an Amazon API Gateway REST API. Customers use the API through a frontend UI and Amazon Cognito authentication. The developer has a new version of the API that contains new endpoints and backward- incompatible interface changes. The developer needs to provide beta access to other developers on the team without affecting customers. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Define a development stage on the API Gateway API. Instruct the other developers to point the endpoints to the development stage.

A company has an Amazon S3 bucket that contains sensitive data. The data must be encrypted in transit and at rest. The company encrypts the data in the S3 bucket by using an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key. A developer needs to grant several other AWS accounts the permission to use the S3 GetObject operation to retrieve the data from the S3 bucket. How can the developer enforce that all requests to retrieve the data provide encryption in transit?

Define a resource-based policy on the S3 bucket to deny access when a request meets the condition "aws:SecureTransport": "false".

A developer has a legacy application that is hosted on-premises. Other applications hosted on AWS depend on the on-premises application for proper functioning. In case of any application errors, the developer wants to be able to use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor and troubleshoot all applications from one place. How can the developer accomplish this?

Download the CloudWatch agent to the on-premises server. Configure the agent to use IAM user credentials with permissions for CloudWatch.

A company is offering APIs as a service over the internet to provide unauthenticated read access to statistical information that is updated daily. The company uses Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda to develop the APIs. The service has become popular, and the company wants to enhance the responsiveness of the APIs. Which action can help the company achieve this goal?

Enable API caching in API Gateway.

A company is building a web application on AWS. When a customer sends a request, the application will generate reports and then make the reports available to the customer within one hour. Reports should be accessible to the customer for 8 hours. Some reports are larger than 1 MB. Each report is unique to the customer. The application should delete all reports that are older than 2 days. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Generate the reports and then store the reports in an Amazon S3 bucket that uses server- side encryption. Attach the reports to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) message. Subscribe the customer to email notifications from Amazon SNS.

A company wants to deploy and maintain static websites on AWS. Each website's source code is hosted in one of several version control systems, including AWS CodeCommit, Bitbucket, and GitHub. The company wants to implement phased releases by using development, staging, user acceptance testing, and production environments in the AWS Cloud. Deployments to each environment must be started by code merges on the relevant Git branch. The company wants to use HTTPS for all data exchange. The company needs a solution that does not require servers to run continuously. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Host each website by using AWS Amplify with a serverless backend. Conned the repository branches that correspond to each of the desired environments. Start deployments by merging code changes to a desired branch.

An application is processing clickstream data using Amazon Kinesis. The clickstream data feed into Kinesis experiences periodic spikes. The PutRecords API call occasionally fails and the logs show that the failed call returns the response shown below: { "FailedRecordCount": 1, "Records": [ { "SequenceNumber": "21269319989900637946712965403778482371", "ShardId": "shardid-000000000001" }, { "ErrorCode": "ProvisionedThroughputExceededException", "ErrorMessage": "Rate exceeded for shard shardId-000000000001 in stream exampleStreanName under account 123456789." }, { "SeguenceNumber": "21269319989999637946712965403778482985", "ShardId": "shardId-000000000002" } ] } Which techniques will help mitigate this exception? (Choose two.)

Implement retries with exponential backoff. Reduce the frequency and/or size of the requests.

A developer has written an AWS Lambda function. The function is CPU-bound. The developer wants to ensure that the function returns responses quickly. How can the developer improve the function's performance?

Increase the function's memory.

A developer is building a web application that uses Amazon API Gateway to expose an AWS Lambda function to process requests from clients. During testing, the developer notices that the API Gateway times out even though the Lambda function finishes under the set time limit. Which of the following API Gateway metrics in Amazon CloudWatch can help the developer troubleshoot the issue? (Choose two.)

IntegrationLatency Latency

A company is building a serverless application on AWS. The application uses an AWS Lambda function to process customer orders 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The Lambda function calls an external vendor's HTTP API to process payments. During load tests, a developer discovers that the external vendor payment processing API occasionally times out and returns errors. The company expects that some payment processing API calls will return errors. The company wants the support team to receive notifications in near real time only when the payment processing external API error rate exceed 5% of the total number of transactions in an hour. Developers need to use an existing Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that is configured to notify the support team. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Publish custom metrics to CloudWatch that record the failures of the external payment processing API calls. Configure a CloudWatch alarm to notify the existing SNS topic when error rate exceeds the specified rate.

To run an application, a DevOps Engineer launches an Amazon EC2 instances with public IP addresses in a public subnet. A user data script obtains the application artifacts and installs them on the instances upon launch. A change to the security classification of the application now requires the instances to run with no access to the Internet. While the instances launch successfully and show as healthy, the application does not seem to be installed. Which of the following should successfully install the application while complying with the new rule?

Publish the application artifacts to an Amazon S3 bucket and create a VPC endpoint for S3. Assign an IAM instance profile to the EC2 instances so they can read the application artifacts from the S3 bucket.

A developer has an application that makes batch requests directly to Amazon DynamoDB by using the BatchGetItem low-level API operation. The responses frequently return values in the UnprocessedKeys element. Which actions should the developer take to increase the resiliency of the application when the batch response includes values in UnprocessedKeys? (Choose two.)

Retry the batch operation with exponential backoff and randomized delay. Increase the provisioned read capacity of the DynamoDB tables that the operation accesses.

A company wants to share information with a third party. The third party has an HTTP API endpoint that the company can use to share the information. The company has the required API key to access the HTTP API. The company needs a way to manage the API key by using code. The integration of the API key with the application code cannot affect application performance. Which solution will meet these requirements MOST securely?

Store the API credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. Retrieve the API credentials at runtime by using the AWS SDK. Use the credentials to make the API call.

A developer is creating an AWS Lambda function that needs credentials to connect to an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. An Amazon S3 bucket currently stores the credentials. The developer needs to improve the existing solution by implementing credential rotation and secure storage. The developer also needs to provide integration with the Lambda function. Which solution should the developer use to store and retrieve the credentials with the LEAST management overhead?

Store the credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. Set the secret type to Credentials for Amazon RDS database. Select the database that the secret will access. Use the default AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key to encrypt the secret. Enable automatic rotation for the secret. Use the secret from Secrets Manager on the Lambda function to connect to the database.

An application that is hosted on an Amazon EC2 instance needs access to files that are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The application lists the objects that are stored in the S3 bucket and displays a table to the user. During testing, a developer discovers that the application does not show any objects in the list. What is the MOST secure way to resolve this issue?

Update the IAM instance profile that is attached to the EC2 instance to include the S3:ListBucket permission for the S3 bucket.

A developer is deploying a new application to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). The developer needs to securely store and retrieve different types of variables. These variables include authentication information for a remote API, the URL for the API, and credentials. The authentication information and API URL must be available to all current and future deployed versions of the application across development, testing, and production environments. How should the developer retrieve the variables with the FEWEST application changes?

Update the application to retrieve the variables from AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Use unique paths in Parameter Store for each variable in each environment. Store the credentials in AWS Secrets Manager in each environment.

A developer wants to expand an application to run in multiple AWS Regions. The developer wants to copy Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) with the latest changes and create a new application stack in the destination Region. According to company requirements, all AMIs must be encrypted in all Regions. However, not all the AMIs that the company uses are encrypted. How can the developer expand the application to run in the destination Region while meeting the encryption requirement?

Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to enable encryption on the unencrypted AMIs. Copy the encrypted AMIs to the destination Region.

A developer is creating an application that will give users the ability to store photos from their cellphones in the cloud. The application needs to support tens of thousands of users. The application uses an Amazon API Gateway REST API that is integrated with AWS Lambda functions to process the photos. The application stores details about the photos in Amazon DynamoDB. Users need to create an account to access the application. In the application, users must be able to upload photos and retrieve previously uploaded photos. The photos will range in size from 300 KB to 5 MB. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Use Amazon Cognito user pools to manage user accounts. Create an Amazon Cognito user pool authorizer in API Gateway to control access to the API. Use the Lambda function to store the photos in Amazon S3. Store the object's S3 key as part of the photo details in the DynamoDB table. Retrieve previously uploaded photos by querying DynamoDB for the S3 key.

An application uses an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group. A developer notices that EC2 instances are taking a long time to become available during scale-out events. The UserData script is taking a long time to run. The developer must implement a solution to decrease the time that elapses before an EC2 instance becomes available. The solution must make the most recent version of the application available at all times and must apply all available security updates. The solution also must minimize the number of images that are created. The images must be validated. Which combination of steps should the developer take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Use EC2 Image Builder to create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI). Install all the patches and agents that are needed to manage and run the application. Update the Auto Scaling group launch configuration to use the AMI. Use EC2 Image Builder to create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI). Install the latest version of the application and all the patches and agents that are needed to manage and run the application. Update the Auto Scaling group launch configuration to use the AMI.

A developer is deploying an AWS Lambda function. The developer wants the ability to return to older versions of the function quickly and seamlessly. How can the developer achieve this goal with the LEAST operational overhead?

Use a function alias with different versions.

A company is migrating an on-premises database to Amazon RDS for MySQL. The company has read-heavy workloads. The company wants to refactor the code to achieve optimum read performance for queries. Which solution will meet this requirement with LEAST current and future effort?

Use a multi-AZ Amazon RDS deployment. Modify the code so that queries access the secondary RDS instance.

A developer needs to migrate an online retail application to AWS to handle an anticipated increase in traffic. The application currently runs on two servers: one server for the web application and another server for the database. The web server renders webpages and manages session state in memory. The database server hosts a MySQL database that contains order details. When traffic to the application is heavy, the memory usage for the web server approaches 100% and the application slows down considerably. The developer has found that most of the memory increase and performance decrease is related to the load of managing additional user sessions. For the web server migration, the developer will use Amazon EC2 instances with an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. Which additional set of changes should the developer make to the application to improve the application's performance?

Use an EC2 instance to host the MySQL database. Store the session data and the application data in the MySQL database.

An application is using Amazon Cognito user pools and identity pools for secure access. A developer wants to integrate the user-specific file upload and download features in the application with Amazon S3. The developer must ensure that the files are saved and retrieved in a secure manner and that users can access only their own files. The file sizes range from 3 KB to 300 MB. Which option will meet these requirements with the HIGHEST level of security?

Use an IAM policy within the Amazon Cognito identity prefix to restrict users to use their own folders in Amazon S3.

A developer is incorporating AWS X-Ray into an application that handles personal identifiable information (PII). The application is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances. The application trace messages include encrypted PII and go to Amazon CloudWatch. The developer needs to ensure that no PII goes outside of the EC2 instances. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Use the X-Ray auto-instrumentation agent.

A Developer is leveraging a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)-based AWS VPN connection to connect from on- premises to Amazon EC2 instances in the Developer's account. The Developer is able to access an EC2 instance in subnet A, although is unable to access an EC2 instance in subnet-B in the same VPC. Which logs can the Developer use to verify whether the traffic is reaching subnet-B?

VPC Flow Logs

A developer is designing an AWS Lambda function that creates temporary files that are less than 10 MB during invocation. The temporary files will be accessed and modified multiple times during invocation. The developer has no need to save or retrieve these files in the future. Where should the temporary files be stored?

the /tmp directory