BA: Chapter 9: Motivating Employees
A culture that focuses on building personal relationships and before focusing on tasks is a high-context culture.
Blank 1: trust
True or false: Frederick Gilbreth was the "Father of Scientific Management".
False
The study that asked workers to rank a list of job-related factors in order of what motivated them most was a new direction taken by:
Frederick Herzberg
Achieving increased productivity to benefit the worker and the firm was the goal of:
Frederick Taylor
Henry L. Gantt was a follower of which management theorist?
Taylor
Select all that apply Managers can work to improve perceptions of equity by:
communicating as clearly as possible clarifying the results they expect from an employee clarifying expected outcomes from goals that are achieved
Select all that apply The responsibilities of a manager implementing MBO include:
setting goals with the employee rewarding employee accomplishments
Select all that apply The elements of scientific management include:
method rules of work time
When asked in a survey their reason for changing jobs:
more participants listed lack of appreciation
Herzberg studied the relationship between:
motivation and job-related factors
Select all that apply Which of the following factors are part of the job environment, but do not motivate workers?
pay friendly supervisors job security
Which is not an element of scientific management?
Human factors
Select all that apply Which of the following is about a manager's attitudes and assumptions about workers?
McGregor's Theory X McGregor's Theory Y
Select all that apply Select assumptions made by a Theory Y manager about people.
People like to work. People seek responsibility.
Select all that apply Select assumptions made by Theory X managers about people.
People prefer to avoid work. People must be controlled and forced to work. People are motivated to avoid punishment.
Workers in a high context culture find it important to
develop relationships before starting tasks
Select all that apply When using MBO, a manager must
formulate goals cooperatively with employees develop commitment to goals
Management by objectives works best:
in stable situations
Management by objectives means that managers:
include employees in setting goals so the employees are self motivated
Studies about which tasks must be performed to complete a job and the time needed to do each task are referred to as ______ studies.
time-motion
A culture that focuses on the and views relationship building as a waste of time is a low-context culture.
Blank 1: task or work
A(n) - study occurs when a manager observes workers as they shovel different types of materials with different types of shovels in order to determine the most efficient tool and method to use.
Blank 1: time Blank 2: motion
Which of the following theories of motivation is the basis for Management by Objectives?
Drucker's Goal-setting theory
Select all that apply Taylor's Scientific Method became the dominant strategy for improving productivity in the early 1900s. Other researchers who worked with him, included:
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Henry L. Gantt
Select all that apply Which of these are basic elements of Taylor's Scientific Method?
rules of work method time
Select all that apply What is the purpose of Management by Objectives?
To reward the accomplishment of organization goals To motivate all levels of the organization through goal setting and implementation To monitor the results of implementing goals
Select all that apply Which of the following are examples of factors that contributed to increased worker productivity during the Hawthorne studies?
Worker involvement in managerial decisions. Social group membership and informality. Management respect and interaction.
Frederick Taylor was nicknamed the ______ of scientific management:
father
Free-flowing communication and information throughout an organization are the key to successful:
empowerment
An assumption about people made by a Theory Y manager is that people:
naturally like to work
Taylor's method of studying workers to find the most efficient ways of doing things and then teaching people those techniques is called
Blank 1: scientific Blank 2: management
Employee involvement and group membership were two of the reasons employees gave as the reason for increased during the Hawthorne studies.
Blank 1: productivity, performance, motivation, or output
Job involves moving workers from one task to the next to make work more interesting and motivating.
Blank 1: rotation
Taylor's goal was to increase worker efficiency and in order to benefit both the firm and workers.
Blank 1: productivity
Frederick Taylor wrote:
The Principles of Scientific Management
The generational group of managers that expect to give and get more feedback on their work are:
Gen X
Self-managed teams improve productivity because the members appreciate having the to control their own work.
Blank 1: autonomy, authority, or freedom
According to Herzberg's theory, good working conditions are a(n)
Blank 1: hygiene or maintenance Blank 2: factor
The personal satisfaction you feel when you perform well and complete goals is an example of a(n) reward.
Blank 1: intrinsic
An assumption about people by a Theory Y manager would be that workers work.
Blank 1: like or enjoy
Companies like Ford are using self-managed teams to improve productivity by allowing teams enough to solve problems and meet objectives.
Blank 1: autonomy, freedom, control, or authority
Employee empowerment cannot be successful without clear and open throughout an organization.
Blank 1: communication
Gen X managers are very able to provide employees with because they want more of it themselves.
Blank 1: feedback
Select all that apply What was the goal of Taylor's scientific management?
Benefit the firm Benefit the worker Increase worker productivity
According to Ouchi's research about the effect of national culture on organizations, Type management relies on individual decision making and achievement.
Blank 1: A
theory states that an individual will not put forth effort without first evaluating their ability to perform the task and the value they place on the reward.
Blank 1: Expectancy or Vroom's
Which element in the work environment was found to be dissatisfying when not present, but when present did not serve as a motivator for workers?
Job security
Which type of management became the dominant strategy for improving productivity in the early 1900s?
Scientific
If one manager views most employees as motivated to do work while a second manager views most employees as lazy, they are operating under which of the following management theories respectively?
Theory Y and Theory X
Studies of the tasks performed in a job and the needed for each is time-motion study.
Time
True or false: Frederick Taylor's studies were the foundation to Henry Gantt's chart development.
True
Studying workers as they shovel different types of materials with different types of shovels in order to determine the most efficient tool and method to use is an example of:
a time-motion study
Select all that apply To use self-managed teams to improve productivity, management must reinvent work by:
allowing autonomy developing workers' skills respecting workers
Vroom's expectancy theory states that the:
amount of effort an employee exerts on a specific task depends on expectations of the outcome
The belief that your work makes a difference and gives you satisfaction is an example of:
an intrinsic reward
Findings during the Hawthorne Studies that still affect management today include:
consulting employees during the decision making process and using their ideas
While workers in the United States are more task oriented and require information to do their jobs, workers from Korea are more motivated by strong relationships and developing trust to do the same job. That is because Korea is a ______ context culture and the U.S. is a ______ context culture.
high, low
According to Herzberg, another name for hygiene factors is:
maintenance factors
A system of goal setting and implementation designed by Peter Drucker is called
management by objectives
Companies can minimize the perception of unfairness in the workplace by having clear and frequent communication:
with all employees
"The Principles of Scientific Management" was written by
Blank 1: Frederick Blank 2: Taylor
theory, the basis for Management by Objectives developed by Peter Drucker in the 1960s, proposes that setting ambitious, but attainable goals can motivate workers and improve performance.
Blank 1: Goal Blank 2: Setting
According to a survey of recent college graduates, opportunities for are important in attracting and retaining employees.
Blank 1: advancement, promotion, or growth
Select all that apply According to Ouchi's Theory, which of these elements are included in Type A management?
Rapid promotion Individual decision making
Select all that apply According to Herzberg's study, which of the following were listed by workers as among the top 5 factors that create motivation instead of being dissatisfiers on the job?
Sense of achievement Earned recognition for a job
Select all that apply Taylor's method was to:
determine the one "best" way study the most efficient way to do a task teach people the one best way to do their jobs
Select all that apply Gen X managers understand that:
results are more important than hours spent in the workplace there is more to life than work flexibility and consensus building work well
Management by objectives is most effective in stable situations that allow managers to make - plans with few changes.
Blank 1: long Blank 2: range or term
Globalization has created a need for managers to understand cultural differences in order to employees around the world.
Blank 1: motivate, manage, or reward
An assumption made by a Theory X manager about people is:
the primary motivator is fear
According to Maslow, needs that have already been satisfied no longer provide
Blank 1: motivation
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, after you have eaten, you are no longer to find food.
Blank 1: motivated
Herzberg studied job-related factors as they relate to
Blank 1: motivation
According to Herzberg, interest in the work itself is a(n)
Blank 1: motivator
Moving a worker from one job to another to increase variety and motivation is
Blank 1: job Blank 2: rotation