Bangor APUSH Mega-quizlet

Maury Maverick (A/P)

"We should learn that it is about time for us to mind our own business" was said, after the Panay was sunk in 1937, by this Texas Congressman who most people agreed with

2

# of senators from each state

9

# of states needed to ratify Constitution

3/4

# of states that have to accept an amendment

Cahokia (I/S)

1,000 years ago this city/settlement was likely the largest settlement in the current US, was the center of the Mound builder culture, was surrounded by strong wooden walls, had thatch-coverded houses, was home to 20,000 to 40,000 people, and was near current day East St. Louis, Illinois

How to amend constitution

2/3 of Congress can propose amendments/ 3/4 of states must accept

Civilian Conservation Corps

200,000 African-Americans were employed by this organization but it maintained rigidly segregated camps

Spain (A)

3 years after five ships commanded by Ferdinand Magellan began their journey in 1519, one ship became the first people to circumnavigate the globe arriving back in what county in 1522?

Black Sunday (E/G)

300,000 tons of soil from the Great Plains were deposited hundreds of miles away in the worst storm of the Dust bowl which occured on the day known as what?

Jews (A/S/M)

A 1939 poll showed that 85 percent of Protestants, 84 percent of Catholics, and 25.8 percent of Jews opposed opening the US to refugees of this religious group from Europe

Amerigo Vespucci (A)

A German publisher, Martin Waldseemuller, produced a new map of the world in 1507 and he called the new continent America in the honor of what explorer who realized they had reached a new land mass?

trade (E/P)

A greater variety of goods in Africa and Europe as well as added prestige of owning goods from far away for African elite resulted from the what between the two continents?

Aztecs (S/P)

A highly stratified, powerful empire with a population of 10 to 20 million that dominated subjugated tribes in surrounding areas with the emperor and priests at the the top was what Native American group?

1935 (P/A)

A law requiring an embargo of arms to all belligerents in any war while declaring that any American who traveled on a belligerent ship did so at his or her own risk (which was direct slap at Wilson's policies) was passed by congress as the first of the neutrality acts in what year?

Aztecs (S/P/I)

A maintained, extensive trade network as well as war to expand and ensure a steady stream of prisoners for human sacrifices were both characteristics of what Native American empire?

West (S)

A person or family could cultivate land secure in the knowledge that they would truly "own" the crops or goods produced on the land and could sell or trade them, but they could never sell the land itself in kingdoms in what region of Africa?

Charles Lindbergh (A/P)

A popular speaker at rallies of the American First Committee and an avid opponent of any revision of the neutrality laws or any support for Jewish refugees (and also found Nazism appealing) was what aviation hero of the 1920s?

maize/beans (S)

A population could be well nourished because when eaten together, what two crops form a complete protein?

nation-state (S/P)

A relatively new development in Europe during the 1300s and 1400s in which nations became the major political organization replacing smaller kingdoms and city-states was called what?

1935/1939 (S)

A team of photographers including several who later became famous for their work (Dorothea Lange, Walker Evans, and Ben Shahn) roamed the country creating a picture of often-hidden rural poverty between what two years?

mound (S/G/I)

A temple, a wide plaza (located on a perfect north-south axis) used for ceremonies centered on the seasons and the sun, and a massive circle of wooden posts as a kind of observatory to trace the sun's path were all built on top a central what in the Mound builder culture?

Inca (S/P)

A vast bureaucracy, big army, 25,000 miles of roads and bridges rivaling those of ancient Rome were all supported by heavy taxes in what empire?

900 (G/S)

A warming trend in the earth's climate had made new forms of agriculture possible in what year?

Brown shirts (A/P)

Adolph Hitler's Nazi (or National Socialist) Party grew from a group of street thugs known as what?

Attorney General (P)

African-American Robert L. Vann (editor of the Pittsburgh Courier) was a special assistant to what cabinet member of Roosevelt's adminstration?

Democrat (P)

African-American voters began to shift political allegiance to which party because of New Deal Policies (especially Eleanor Roosevelt's support)

Southern Tenant Farmers Union (S/P/E)

African-Americans that recognized Agricultural Adjustment Administration payments were being withheld formed what Union to demant payments?

Emergency Relief and Construction Act (E/P)

After 1932, Herbert Hoover reluctantly agreed with a Democratic Congress to create an Act-to lend money to states for relief and public projects-which was named what?

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (E/P)

After 1932, Herbert Hoover reluctantly agreed with a Democratic Congress to create an organization -to provide funds to keep banks and railroads from bankruptcy-which was named what?

1935 (P)

After FDR's first 2 years, there was a shift in focus that some called the "Second New Deal" in what year?

Roman Catholics (S/P)

After Henry VIII's death, what religious group could not agree to break with Rome and remained loyal to the Catholic Church?

Elizabeth (P)

After Henry's two other children dying after ruling, who became the ruler of England in 1558 and ruled till 1603

Roosevelt (E/P)

After Herbert Hoover lost his bid for reelection and tried to get the new administration to cooperate on a plan for the banking crisis in early 1933, this incoming president ignored him

Banking (E/P)

After Herbert Hoover lost his bid for reelection, in early 1993 he tried to get Roosevelt and his administration to cooperate (and was ignored) on a plan for the crisis in this industry

Union Party (P)

After Huey Long's assassination in September 1935, his share our wealth club became nominated a North Dakota congressmen William Lemke for president when they became what political group?

William Lemke (P)

After Huey Long's assassination in September 1935, his share our wealth club became the Union Party and nominated a North Dakota congressmen named what for president?

Santa Fe (P/G)

After Oñate's recall, the new royal governor (Don Pedro de Peralta) moved the capital further north to a new town that he created and named what in 1610?

New Spain

After Tenochtitlan was destroyed, Cortes started building a new and grander city and ordered the building of a massive new Catholic Cathedral and within a generation, a new Mexico City thrived and the Spanish called their new empire in Mexico and Central America what?

Canada (G/P)

After Verrazano sailed from Florida to Newfoundland concluded an entire continent divided the Atlantic from the Pacific, French interest in North America focused further north on the St. Lawrence River Valley and what modern country?

France (G/P)

After Verrazano, Jacque Cartier's visit to Canada in 1534, and the destruction of Fort Caroline in 1565 the interest in North America of what country focused further north on the St. Lawrence River Valley and what became Canada

October (E)

After continually rising values in the stock market through the spring and summer, with the high point on the day after Labor day, there was a small downturn in September and by this month everyone started to worry

Spain (G)

After failed efforts, what country's interest in the lands north of Mexico wanned?

St. Augustine (S/A)

After its founding in 1565 and up until 1705, what Spanish colony was home to a large-scale effort to send Franciscan missionaries into surrounding Native American territories

France (G/P)

After sailing to New York, Verrazano continued north and visited Rhode Island's Narragansett Bay, Maine, and Newfoundland and he mapped much of the Atlantic Coast of the future US and Canada before returning to what country he was commissioned by?

China (A)

After the Japanese attack, a new capital was set up in the inland of Chungking by the government of this country led by Chiang Kai-shek

Post Office (P)

After the New Deal, the federal government has never shrunk to its size before when what was the largest government agency?

Agricultural Adjustment Administration (P)

After the Supreme Court seemed more open to it, Congress did pass a bill to resurrect parts of what old organization?

Charles Coughlin (P)

After the election and meeting with Roosevelt at the White House, this man turned on the New Deal, accused FDR of having "out-Hoovered the Hoover", talked of organizing his own political party, and started to create sermons with an increasingly anti-Semitic and isolationist tone leading some to think he was starting to sound like Adolph Hitler

Jacques Cartier (P/A)

After the expedition of what French explorer ending in 1536 , it would be a half-century for France to develop a serious interest in North America after they found there was no quick way to Asia

Smallpox (P)

Against the Aztec and Inca empires, perhaps the most significant Spanish advantage was what?

Mexican/Filipino (M/S/E)

Agricultural workers of these two ethical backgrounds in California worried correctly that white Dust Bowl refugees would take their jobs

Little Ice Age (S/G)

Agriculture suffered as around 1350, a relatively rapid colder climate shift began and lasted until 1800 and was known as the what?

1932 (P)

Al Smith , John Nance Garner (Speaker of the HR), Newton Baker (former cabinet member), and Franklin Delano Roosevelt (NY governor) ran for the Democratic nomination in what year?

immunity (A)

All natives of the Americas, had no what to smallpox, measle, or other diseases like the Europeans had?

Am XXIII (23)

Allowed DC residents right to vote for electoral college

Kristallnacht (A/M)

Although Congress followed popular opinion and voted it down, Robert Wagner (NY senator), Edith Nourse Rogers (Massachusetts house member), and Emmanuel Cellar (NY house member) proposed legislation that would create an expanded quota for racial and religious refugees after what event in Germany in November 1938

explore (P)

Although England and France were fairly unified at the time, they fought and had civil wars which left little energy or resources for either to what?

nationalize (P/E)

Although Roosevelt wanted to reopen the banks, he didn't want to do this to them which was proposed by Wisconsin Senator, Robert La Folette Jr.

Asia/Europe/Africa (A/S/E)

Although contact between the Americas and the rest of the world was extremely minimal, what three continents maintained some level of contact over thousands of years while developing their own languages and agricultural and social systems?

Bartolomé Las Casas

Although he became a priest in 1510, he participated in the conquest of Cuba in 1512 and was rewarded with an encomienda and in 1514 but he began preaching and writing against the oppression of Indians and continued for the next 50 years, his name was what?

China (A/P/S)

Although in the Stimson Doctrine the US said they wouldn't recognize the Japanese regime in China, they didn't do anything about it and the public didn't want to do anything more than offer sympathy to which of the fighting countries in that part of the world?

nature (S)

Although native Americans were extremely diverse in language, social structures, and cultures, they shared some things in common like they tend to live in harmony with the sacred (which they saw everywhere) and with what?

7 (S)

Although precise measurement is impossible, scholars estimate that approximately how many million Indians lived in what is now the US and Canada with much larger numbers in Mexico and Central and South America

Maginot Line (A)

Although the French government did little more, it ordered that along the border with Germany what "impregnable" defense would be constructed that was named for the war minster Andre Maginot

Unions (P)

Although the National Industrial Recovery Act of June 1933 was to stabilize prices, at Roosevelt's insistence it also included a clause protecting collective bargaining through what?

Franklin Roosevelt (P)

Although their patience was short and the crisis could get even worse without banks opening back up , people were willing to give the new administration of this president a chance in the early 1930s

purchasing power (P/E)

Although they argued with each other, the "Brain Trust" all agreed that the lack of what was a key cause of the Depression which had to be solved ?

Art V (5)

Amending Constitution/no amendments before 1808

A

America in the world

Narváez expedition (G/A)

American Indians gave survivors food, water, and shelter, but of the 80 explorers who survived the journey across the Gulf of Mexico, only 15 survived through the first winter on the Texas coast (others died of cold and disease) and many of the native hosts died of European disease brought by the explorers causing them to become hostile in what expedition?

Radio (P)

An advantage of Franklin Roosevelt using this invention was that he spoke to the American people without cluing them in on his disability

Peace of Augsburg in 1555 (P/S)

An agreement among different smaller kingdoms in Germany that no ruler would attack the kingdom of another religious grounds was called the what?

Am XXVII (27)

Any change made to Congress salary doesn't go into effect until the next term

Am XXVI (26)

Anyone 18 and older can't be denied voting

chiefdoms (S)

Archaeological evidence suggests that as Cahokia declined, smaller whats developed and often fought with each other and other tribes

Portugal (G/P)

Around 1460, Sierra Leone was reached and the previously uninhabited Cape Verde islands were claimed and settled by what country

trade (E/S)

Artifacts uncovered in almost any native settlement in North America attest to the lively what among all the continents tribes

United States (A/P)

As France and Britain did nothing to stop the Fascist, most people in what country were even more determined to keep their distance from conflict

gold (A)

As Spanish governors learned more about the Americas, Ferdinand and Isabella ordered that the Indians be treated well and not enslaved and they pressed harder for what (although most governors ignored the kindness part)?

Protestants (S/A/G)

As a loyal subject of the French king, Coligny wanted to secure lands for France and wanted to create a safe haven for his fellow whats?

Portugal/Spain

As a result of exploration, what two countries replaced Genoa and Venice as the primary European links to Asia with their ships dominating the Indian Ocean

Pacific Northwest

As a result of plentiful food and good housing, settled community life with unique art and culture was possible for tribes living in what region of the US?

tribes (P/S)

As a result of the Indian New Deal, the right to decide on tribal membership were given to this group instead of the federal government

oceans (E)

As a result of voyages by Columbus and others, trade became less land-focused and more and more dependant on the whats?

Herbert Hoover (P/E)

As a trained engineer who helped feed starving Europe in World War I and served as Secretary of Commerce, this man had an economic background that made his seem like the ideal president for the crisis of the stock market crash.

bank holidays (E)

As banks started to collapse in the winter of 1932-33 state governors announced these in their states to stop further failures.

Algeria (S/P)

As christianity spread throughout the Roman Empire, some of the strongest Christian centers were in North Africa with one of the most influential of all early Christian thinkers was St. Augustine (354-430) who served as bishop of the city of Hippo which was born in what modern country that he was born in?

Ghana (P)

As early as 1050, King Barmandana of Mali began to extend his kingdom, and the empire of Mali slowly dominated and replaced what kingdom as the leading power in the region?

Second (P)

As he started his second term in 1937, Roosevelt turned his focus from the election back to the Depression although he accomplished far less in which of his terms?

Iroquois (S)

As many as 1,000 people lived in some towns made up of longhouses in which group of Native tribes?

1936 (P/A)

As part of the neutrality acts, Congress added a proviso that prohibited loans or credit to any nation at war in what year?

Spain (A/P)

As part of the neutrality efforts in 1937, Congress explicitly extended the arms embargo to what country?

Franklin Roosevelt

As the Depression worsened, Coughlin's sermons became more political with him relentlessly attacking Hoover and the nation's bankers and he supported who in the 1932 election?

Gestapo

As the US was implementing the New Deal, the Nazi government outlawed trade unions and other political parties as well as authorize a new police force to enforce Nazi authority which was called the Geheime Staatspolizei or what?

voluntary (E/P)

As the economy worsened, farmers were reluctant to cut back their crops if others would just fill the gap and Bankers were too worried about their own banks to help others which led to ineffectiveness in Herbert Hoover's what type of solutions?

Herbert Hoover (P/E)

As the economy worsened, this man called on people to engage in voluntary collective action-such as asking business owners to keep wages and prices up, asking bankers to pool resources to help weaker banks, encouraging farmers to form cooperatives and stop excess crops from the market-and he was the first president during very late 20s and early 30s

1598 (S/A)

As the rumors of great wealth never died, the Spanish viceroy in Mexico City decided it was time for another look at the lands of the north and appointed a new governor for what was called "New Mexico" all in what year?

Fair Labor Standards Act (P/E)

As well as resurrecting parts of the AAA (after the court started to change its mind) Congress prohibited child labor and set an hourly minimum wage and a 40-hour work week through what 1938 act?

De Soto

As what expedition crossed the Appalachian Mountains in to Tennessee and into Alabama and Mississippi, they were met by Native Americans who gave them gifts and they quickly made them into slaves and as word spread natives became increasingly hostile

Songhay (E/P)

As with Mali and Ghana, the power of what kingdom was based on trade?

Cahokia (G/I/S)

At Coosa (Georgia), Etowah (Georgia), Moundville (Alabama), and Natchez (Mississippi), archaeologists have found communities similar to Cahokia, which was the center of this native American group's culture

National Youth Administration (P)

At Eleanor Roosevelt's urging, Bethune was appointed as the director of the Negro Division (where she channeled resources to create jobs for African-American youths) of what New Deal organization?

Puritans (S/P)

At Henry VIII's death a growing religious Protestant minority wanted more radical religious change to "purify" the Church of England Catholic practices (especially the leadership of bishops) and they were called the what?

Spain (A/P)

At Potosi in Bolivia, 45,000 slaves-at first Indians then also Africans-worked the mines that created the wealth that made King Charles V and his son Philip II the richest and most powerful rulers in Europe and they ruled what country?

gold (A/P)

At first it was peaceful, Oñate divided New Mexico into administrative districts, each with a priest in each to try to convert the people, allowed self-government, but insisted that each one must have a political governor as he was far more interested in exploring for what rather than trying to force Native Americans to labor for Spain

Mayan (S)

At its height long before the Aztecs emerged, the culture of what empire had been developing for thousands of years when they first came into contact with Europeans

New Mexico (G/A)

At the Zuni pueblo of Hawikuh, in the confederation of Cibola, was the first battle with natives in the Coronado expedition (where Coronado's men attacked the village for food) and then they turned east to the central what?

Mound Builders (S/I/G)

At the center of Cahokia, a series of wide earth mounds up to 100 feet high led to the people being called what?

Ghana (E/P)

At the northern end of African trade routes that brought gold, ivory, and slaves out of the African interior and at the southern end of the desert routes by which Muslim traders brought the slaves, gold, and ivory from south of the Sahara to North Africa, the Middle East, and Europe in exchange for salt, silk, and other goods; control of this trade made what kingdom very rich?

nation-state (S/P)

At the same time as the protestant reformation, what modern idea was new in the Europe of 1500s

Mesa Verde (G/S)

At this location, the building were built into side of the canyon wall and the rooms offered protection from enemies , since they could only be reached by ladders, but by 1300 after another great drought the Anasazi abandoned this location as well and seem to have disappeared from history

Francis Drake (P)

Attacking and burning St. Augustine, Florida in 1585 and helping defeat the Spanish Armada in 1588, what privateer brought considerable wealth to Queen Elizabeth while weakening Spain

Spain (A/P)

Aztec resistance was undermined by a sense of fatalism fueled by early visions of their defeat, many non-Aztecs joined with Cortes, the Incas couldn't imagine therefore did not fear Pizarro's initial surprise attack (he claimed to be coming in peace), the ruthless military skill of Cortes and Pizarro, and the mastery of guns, steel swords, and horses made what country able to easily defeat the Inca and Aztec empire

Mali (P)

Barmandan converted to Islam and made a pilgrimage to Mecca (Muslim holy city in Arabia) and some 200 years later Sundiata made what kingdom they both ruled to be the "master" of West Africa?

Clovis People (I/S)

Before recent excavations in Texas that found primitive spears at least 15,500 years ago, most anthropologists used to believe that the first immigrants were what group of people?

Mexico/South America (G/S)

Before the arrival of Columbus, the largest and most sophisticated civilizations in the Americas were found in what current country and continent?

Civilian Conservation Corps (P/E)

Before the end of March 1933, Congress created the most popular New Deal agency-which let hundreds of thousands of unemployed young men to work in rural camps to do things like planting forests, pruning trees, building parks, and shoring up the nation's widelands-that was named what?

2/3 (G/E/M)

Before the end of the 1930s, more than 250,000 or how much of the Plains population left the area which became to be known as the Dust Bowl ?

Farm Security Administration (P/S/E)

Besides the WPA, other federal agencies hired artists and Rexford Tugwell (among the most influential members of the Brain Trust) asked what organization to make a "Pictorial Sourcebook of American Agricultural History"?

Federal Council of Negro Affairs (P)

Bethune used her position and friendship with Eleanor Roosevelt to organize what group to ensure blacks would be heard in and out of the administration

Congress

Body that decides punishment for treason

mounds (S/I)

Burying prominent leaders was one of the purposes of what created by the Cahokia people?

Iberian Peninsula (P/G)

By 1400, four Christian kingdoms (Castile, Aragon, Portugal, and Navarre) and the Muslim kingdom of Granada in the south divided what peninsula?

Portugal (E/P)

By 1504, at least one ship a month sailed from Lisbon to Asia and the wealth from Asian spices and other luxury goods as well as from African gold and slaves was making what significant player in the African slave trade and the Asian spice trade, the richest nation in Europe?

4 (E)

By 1932, 1 out of how many people in the US were out of work?

Roger Babson (E)

By September 1929, a respected economist warned that "sooner or later a crash is coming and he predicted factories and people will lose jobs which caused a one day drop in stock prices (called the Babson break) and his name was what?

14,000 (M/S)

By how many years ago were various people living in essentially every part of North and South America?

expansion (A)

By the 1930s, Japan faced the same worldwide depression conditions as other industrialized countries but saw its economic salvation in what ?

Portugal (A/E/P)

By the early 1500s, flourishing trade with Asia and Africa resulted as the successful expeditions of what country?

nation (S/P)

By the late 1400s, new views about the best forms of government were emerging in the late 1400s with the idea of being part of a what was taking on new importance

Protestant Reformation (P/S)

By the late 1520s, Henry wanted to end his marriage with Catherine (daughter of devout Catholic Ferdinand and Isabella) since he wanted a male heir and he fell in love with Anne Boleyn but due to political and religious problems, he used what conflict to annul his marriage?

10 (E)

By the late 1930s in California a field hand who made a dollar per day was doing well and up to how many workers were applying for every job in the California fields

fascism (A/P)

By the late 1930s, most people in the US and congress continued to believe that they could stay out of all foreign entanglements, while the Abraham Lincoln Brigade fought in Spain and President Franklin Roosevelt began to believe that the US would eventually to have to fight what government philosophy in Europe?

North America (A)

By the time Columbus was born, all earlier European contact with what continent was long forgotten?

sit-down strike (P/E)

CIO-inspired workers that often weren't part of unions created this new type of strike which advantages included: they could not be replaced by nonunion workers, it was hard to attack without harming machinery, and it was more comfortable inside the plant

Am V (5)

Can't be tried for same crime twice/right to remain silent/eminent domain/right to speedy trial/innocent til proven guilty

Am XI (11)

Can't sue a state unless given permission by a state

Franklin Roosevelt (P)

Carrying a huge part of the popular vote and 46 out of the 48 states, what presidential candidate won by a landslide in the 1936 election

Dust Bowl (S/G)

Cattle suffocating from dust, people rubbing Vaseline in their nostrils to protect them, and the distribution of respirator masks at school by the Red Cross were all results of what?

military power (P)

Centralized government and the wealth generated by trade also led to what that allowed West Africans to resist not only the first Portuguese attempts at conquest and also many subsequent ones

1903 (P)

Charles Coughlin arranged for a local radio station to broadcast his Sunday sermons and their popularity led to a contract with the Columbia Broadcasting System to carry him nationally in what year?

China (A)

Chiang's Kuomintang Party (the nationalists) was locked in a bitter civil war with the Community Party led by Mao Zedong over what country at the same time that Japan was invading

1490s (P/E)

China was prospering but quite inward looking by what decade?

Zhu Di (G/P)

Chinese fleets that sailed to South Asia, India, and East Africa (that mapped the Indian Ocean and brought back exotic animals, trade goods, and knowledge that made China a center of geographical studies in the early 1400s) were commissioned by what Chinese emperor who rule from 1402 to 1424?

7 years

Citizenship time for HR

14 years

Citizenship time for prez

Am VII (7)

Civil jury

Iroquois (S/I/P)

Clans were led by women who governed and women leaders chose the sachmens- male leaders who attended the council meetings, led in war, and were accountable to the clans- in tribes collectively known as the what?

Portugal (E/S)

Coastal Africans quickly took an interest in particular European goods, including iron and cloth, acquiring them through exchanges of hides, copper, ivory, and slaves with traders from what country?

Islam (S/G)

Coastal areas of Africa south of the Sahara that the Portuguese encountered in the mid-1400s differed in customs, ethnicity, and economic life from North Africa which was affiliated with what religion?

St. Augustine (G/S)

Colonists of what colony prospered, quickly took to corn which was the staple of the Indian dies, and wanted to avoid the tightly ordered hierarchical society that was evolving in Mexico

Taino (A)

Columbus was welcomed by what tribe who he believed would be an easy conquest and easy to convert to Christianity

Glass-Steagall Act (P/E)

Commercial banks (which could take deposits and make loans with gov guarantees) and investment banks (which could invest in stock market at their own risk) became separate entities under which act in 1933?

Navajo (I/S)

Commonly used name for the Dine

America (A/P)

Communist Leader Stalin wanted to spread the equality of communism in an open speech February 9 1946, the growing communist influence the Soviet Union was bringing to Eastern Europe was one of the reasons it had tensions with what other country?

Hoovervilles (E/S/P)

Communities of shacks built by homeless families were called what?

Am XVI (16)

Congress can tax incomes no matter where you receive them/impartial from state to state

June (P/E)

Congress passed the National Employment System Act, the Home Owners Refinance Act, the Farm Credit Act, the Railroad Coordination, and the National Industrial Recovery act in what month of 1933?

Art I (1) Sec 9

Congress prohibitions

Art I (1) Sec 1

Congress will have legislative power and be made up of House of Representatives

Tenochtitlán (S/G)

Connected to the mainland by three broad causeways, supplied with fresh drinking water through a carefully designed aqueduct, and founded in the middle of Lake Texcoco in 1325 was what city?

Roman Empire (A/P/E)

Contact between Africa and Europe didn't began with Prince Henry, North Africa had been part of Mediterranean civilization for at least 3,000 years and modern Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia were some of the richest provinces of what empire?

National Association of Manufacturers (P/E)

Created before 1900 to coordinate business opposition to labor unions, this organization was a tough opponent of the New Deal

Black Tuesday (E)

Crowds formed up and down all of Wall Street and although there were no people jumping from windows, most saw their life savings disappear and a few speculators even committed suicide on this day and those following it

Cibola (A/G)

De Niza was careful not to claim more than he had seen- he had seen irrigated fields, buffalo hides, and from a distance populous towns and he had only heard reports of gold and wealth-and named the region what helping to spur the Seven Cities of the name became the stuff of legend

Florida (G)

De Soto won fame and gold through military exploits in Panama in the 1520s and had been a part of Pizarro's conquest of the Inca Empire in the 1530s then he was given a royal charter to settle La Florida and the lands beyond; he sailed with some 500 to 600 Spaniards and 100 captive American Indians and Africans in 1539 to what modern state?

gold (A)

Despite Columbus's desperate efforts to force natives to find it, the Caribbean had little what?

Kongo (S/P)

Despite enormous distance, the papacy in Rome developed close ties with what African kingdom?

Florida (A/S/G)

Despite occasional battles with the American Indians, raids by European navies, and hurricanes life in what modern state continued more or less interrupted into the 1700s

Agribusiness (E)

Despite the efforts of California farm workers to build unions few strikes were successful since during the 1930s this industry in California kept getting stronger and stronger

Herbert Hoover (E/P)

Despite the horrible circumstances, the results of previous actions caused this president to be unable to bring himself to support further gov intervention and debt

1492 (A/S)

Dramatic transformation happened in the culture of the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia after the arrival of Europeans in the Americas in what year?

run (E/P)

Due to banks giving loans for stocks which became worthless, giving loans to farmers who owned worthless farmland or wouldn't foreclose, and people's distress over the economic situation, people began a "what on the banks"?

bank holiday (E)

Due to runs on the banks, by 1933 March, even the largest banks in Chicago and NY city declared a what to keep themselves from going out of business?

exploration (P)

Due to their being small individual governments (not very unified nations), and them fighting often with each other, many areas of Europe did not initiate much organized external what?

Panay (A)

During December 1937, in Nanking, China Japanese sunk what US gunboat which angered Americans but not enough to fight

England (P/S)

During Elizabeth's long reign, what country became a major power in Europe and the world?

Department of the Interior (P/S)

During Roosevelt's administration, William H. Hastie (dean of the Law School at Howard University) was a legal advisor to what department during Roosevelt's administration?

Christopher Columbus (A/P)

During his third voyage to the Caribbean in 1498, what explorer tried to set up a government on Hispaniola which didn't work out very well

Roman Catholic Church (A/S)

During the 1400s, although it was not as centralized as it is today what was the strongest institution in Europe?

1924/1928 (E)

During the 1920s stock prices generally rose with small downturns between what two years?

isolationism (A/P)

During the 1930s, most Americans had concluded that the thousands of America soldiers killed in WWI had died for no reason, Wilson's dream of peace sustained by the League of Nations was a fail, and Europeans were once again at each other's throats leading to what foreign policy to run rampant in the US

Okies (E/S)

During the 1930s, probably half of the people working in the California fields were longtime Mexican or Filipino workers awhile the other half were ?

First 100 Days (P)

During the beginning of Roosevelt's presidency, Congress passed a steady stream of legislation to alleviate the situation and this small period was called?

religious (S)

During the late 1400s, virtually no one argued in favor of what freedom for the citizens of nations

Spain (P/A)

During the late 1500s, settlements in America were not a goal of England, but instead was pillaging of the ships of what powerful rival country?

Art I (1) Sec 4

Each state picks time, place, and method for elections for HR and Senate

Brain Trust (P/E)

Early in 1932, while he was still running as a candidate, Roosevelt created a group of close advisers he called his what?

Black Cabinet (P/S)

Early in his administration, Roosevelt created a shifting, informal network of high-level African-American officials which became known as what?

Buying on Margin (E)

Early in the 1920s perhaps a billion dollars of loans were provided for stock purchases and by the end of 1928 these loans reached 6 billion dollars through what economic process that involves borrowing money to buy stocks?

E

Econmy - work exchange and technology

Franklin Roosevelt (P)

Editor and inventor Henry Wallace (who become secretary of agriculture), Chicago reformer Harold Ickes (became secretary of the interior), and Frances Perkins (became secretary of Labor) were all part of the cabinet of this president and were close to his informal cabinet as well

Black Cabinet (P)

Eleanor Roosevelt and Secretary of Interior Harold L. Ickes (former president of the Chicago branch of the NAACP) enlarged the size and power of what informal group of advisers?

Edward Roybal (P)

Elected to the Los Angeles City council in 1947 and later in 1962 to U.S. Congress. What was caused by the Community Service Organization that fought for political rights.

Am XII (12)

Electoral college reform

Art II (2) Sec 1

Electoral college/prez requirements

Am XXIV (24)

Ended poll taxes

Elizabeth (P)

England became a major power in Europe and the world during whose long reign?

1588 (P/A/S)

England's navy dominated the Atlantic (then eventually all of the world's oceans), English sailors grew more skilled, the country's shipbuilders became more sophisticated in their design, its navigators gained new understanding of winds, currents, charts as well as interests, and Protestant religion became linked with English patriotism after what year (when England defeated Catholic Spain's Armada)

warfare/piracy (A/P)

English and other European fisherman had fished off the North Atlantic coast of North America since the early 1500s, but by the 1580s, what two things became the dominant role of the English who visited the Americas

Francis Drake (P)

English sailors were confident that they could travel anywhere without trouble by the time this famous privateer died in 1596

1928 (P/E)

Especially after Herbert Hoover's election victory in November, the stock market started going up much faster toward the end of this year

Christopher Columbus (A)

Europe took interest and many followed in the wake of what explorer which made his voyages different than previous ones

Atlantic (S/I)

Even as late as the 1670s, an English trader described an Indian town of many houses along crisscrossing streets, surrounded by a stockade 2-feet thick and 12-feet high; this town was located on which ocean's coast?

center (S)

Even though the native peoples of North and South America maintained their trade networks and fought with other tribes, each tribe saw itself as the what of its own world?

2 witnesses or confession

Evidence needed to prove treason

Inca (S/G)

Extending along the Pacific coast of South America from southern Colombia to northern Chile as well as including almost all of modern Peru, Ecuador, and Bolivia was what empire?

dole/welfare (P/E)

FDR and his "Brain Trust" disliked what they called "this" and preferred any jobs to what? (two answers)

Truman (P)

FDR's Economic Bill of Rights, Expanding federal power in public housing, Social security benefits, and making the Fair Employment Practices Commission permanent were some of whose suggestion for policies after WWII?

Frances Perkins (P)

FDR's secretary of labor insisted that the president promised to back pensions for the aging and unemployment insurance and her name was what?

Portugal (P)

Facing effective resistance at sea (fast-moving canoes)the earliest travelers from what country quickly decided that it was better to seek peaceful trade agreements with African kings than to do battle

Carey McWilliams

Factories in the Fields was a book about the suffering of Okies and was written by a young California lawyer whose name was what?

Mexican/Filipino (S)

Farm workers of these two ethnic groups in California were often ignored by traditional unions and created their own

1929/1932 (E)

Farms across the country were foreclosed on (and even even more would have been if it wasn't for armed groups of farmers banded together) and many factories closed between what two years?

Civil Rights (P)

For Southern senators, Roosevelt attempting to add people to the Supreme Court in 1937 to step them from overturning the New Deal would open the way to legislation to which topic that they feared?

Spain (A/G/P)

For hundreds of years, soldiers of what Christian country fought against Muslims seeking to win military glory, wealth, and spiritual honor on the battlefield and extended the reconquista ideas to colonizing the Americas

Cabeza de Vaca (P/A)

Four travelers found villages, developed a reputation as healers and traders, collected a trove of info about American Indians, and gained the respect of the people they met; these travelers would led by who (he was one of them) ?

Radio (P/S)

Franklin Roosevelt's frequent fireside chats and press conferences used this invention to connect with the American people

Am XIV (14)

Freed slaves are US citizens/blacks and whites have same rights/rebels can't be in office/repeal 3/5 clause/states can't take away rights

National Recovery Administration (P)

From 1933 to 1935 this organization was a prime symbol of the New deal but was declared unconstitutional later

Cabrillo (G/A)

From San Diego Bay in CA what explorer continued north along the Pacific Coast as far as the Russian River in northern California (and like many after him he looked over San Francisco because of the fog) but he realised that in monterey Bay there was a really good harbor

Zuni Pueblo (A/G)

From years in Texas, Esteban knew what would impress natives (he wore feathers,bells, and turquoise) and he sent messages back to De Niza indicating that he had come to wealthy towns and he enjoyed his role until he came across what tribe of Hawikuh where the natives killed him after Esteban threatened them

Hohokam (G/M/S)

Further west than the Acoma and near current Phoenix, Arizona, is where this group settled

Flint Sit-down Strike (E)

General Motors called the Flint police who fired tear gas- which the wind blew back at them and triggered strikers to throw things back at the police-and shot at strikers of what strike?

G

Geograpy and the enviorment

Am IV (4)

Gov. needs warrant or permission to search citizen's house

Quartering

Government lodging/housing troops in citizen's homes

Art I (1) Sec 6

HR and Senate get paid

25 years

HR minimum age

Am IX (9)

Have other rights outside of Constitution and they can't be violated

Florida (G/A/P)

Having established St. Augustine, De AViles attacked Fort Caroline, killing all its inhabitants and when the French fleet coming to aid the colony was shipwrecked along the coast by a hurricane, De Aviles killed the survivors leaving what modern state in Spanish hands for centuries?

privateers (S/P)

Having the English government at minimal risk, keeping a fifth of whatever was brought back to England, improving technical knowledge of English marines, and laying the foundation for England's sea power were all results of England hiring whats?

Migrant farm workers (M)

Hired hands on farms that came from the Dust Bowl were what?

Okies (M/S)

Hired hands on the farms of California's Central Valley that came from the Dust Bowl were given what derogatory name?

1936 (A/P)

Hitler's army marched into the German Rhineland, which in terms of the Treaty of Versailles was supposed to be free of troops in March of what year?

Germany (A/E/P)

Hoover accidently undermined the US's trade with Europe when he tried but failed to negotiate a reduction in the reparations (to pay for WWI damages) that were wrecking the economy of which country?

Eleanor Roosevelt (P/E)

Hopkins included jobs for artists in the WPA at the urging of who?

Art I (1) Sec 2

House of Representatives requirements

Pacific Northwest

Houses as long as 60 feet built of cedar and richly decorated with painting and sculpture were created by the native americans living in what region of the US?

1940s/1950s (M/S)

Housing in the North was more segregated than the South. Real estate agents urged white homeowners to sell out quickly and move. The creation of the white suburbs let to the urban black ghettos in what two decades?

Art I (1) Sec 7

How a bill becomes a law

He requested for the meeting to postpone and entered the room unannounced, and attacked the "Newburgh Addresses" (I/P)

How did George Washington stop the military coup?

African-Americans viewed the British government as a potential protector and liberator against patriot slave owners/Native Americans sided with the British because it would help stop expanded settlement west. (I/S)

How did groups such as African-Americans and Native Americans respond to the patriot revolution spirit?

(To be answered question about Joseph McCarthy in class)

How did he keep his reputation under vagueness?

In September 1768, warships filled with British Bois came/the presence of the sent troops was practically a siege (M/S)

How did the British assert Parliament's authority over the colonies especially curtailing the smuggling merchants and stopping the riots in New York and Boston?

The war had protected the colonists far more than Britain. (I/E)

How did the British justify new taxes towards America?

They sided with the British in their fight against the American "rebels" (A/S)

How did the Iroquois tribe respond to the revolution?

Carried water to the battlefield/Fed and Supported troops/Nursed the wounded/Occasionally fought in battles (I/S)

How did women contribute to the war?

2 terms or 10 years

How long prez can serve

13 (M)

How many English colonies were there?

Between 200,000 to 300,000/No more than 25,000 at one time (S/P)

How many men served for the Patriots?

144 (S)

How many people were killed from the Salem Witch Trials?

$300,000 (I/S)

How much money did Patriot women like Esther De Berdt Reed and Sarah Franklin Bache, raise for the Continental Army Fund?

2/3

How much of Congress need to agree for an amendment

Political Parties, Eisenhower was a fiscal conservative, against the New and Fair Deal policies, he fulfilled his promise to Korea and concluded the peace treaty, an internationalist P

How was Eisenhower different from Truman?

Jefferson wanted an agrarian nation that exported raw materials/Hamilton wanted a complete economy that supported factories making everything (E/I)

How was Hamilton's economic vision for the future different from Jefferson's?

Some masters freed slaves/some planters freed slaves/slaves ran away and established new identities in cities of the area (I)

How was slavery affected after the Revolution in Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina?

China (P)

Huge forests were cleared to provide the teak to build fleets, thousands of artisans labored to build ships, many sailors never returned, ocean voyages distracted from vulnerable land frontiers in the northwest, and the tensions between naval officers and highly educated bureaucrats made sea exploration in what country come to an end?

Tenochtitlán

Huge markets in which 40,000 or 50,000 traders met to exchange gold, jewelry, pottery, baskets, meat, fish, fruit, and vegetables amazed the first Spaniards who described it and was located in what major city?

Algonquian (S/E/I)

Hunting, fishing, and farming corn, beans, and squash provided the major food sources for some of the first tribes to encounter Europeans which where the what?

I

Identity - american and national

Elizabeth (P)

If England were catholic then Henry's and Anne's marriage would be illegal making what ruler embrace Protestantism so she could ascend to the throne

Narváez expedition (G/A)

Ill, under attack, and starving 250 surviving men built 5 barges and set out for home but currents, winds, and a hurricane took them west with 2 or 3 of the 5 barges (80 people) surviving and coming ashore near modern Galveston Texas in what expedition

North America (S/A)

In 1001, a norse party led by Lief Erickson established a colony further west that they named Vineland and no one is sure where it is although tradition places it on what continent?

Drought (M/E/S)

In 1100s, the Anasazi abandoned Chaco Canyon after what typed of prolonged natural weather occurance

Tenochtitlán (G/S)

In 1325, in the middle of Lake Texcoco the Aztecs founded a city named what?

Roman Catholic Church (A/S/P)

In 1400s Europe, literacy, learning, preservation of culture, and social services for the aged, sick, and poor was done through the what?

Prince Henry (P)

In 1415, a fleet was commanded by "the navigator" but he stayed in his castle at Sagres on the Portuguese coast for the rest of his life and he was who?

Prince Henry (A/G)

In 1424, a long series of expeditions that sailed farther and farther south along the coast of Africa was organized by who?

Zhu Gaozhi (P/A)

In 1424, a new emperor of China ended sea exploration leading it to become increasingly isolated for the next 200 years and he was named what?

Portugal (A/G/P)

In 1444, ships reached Senegal (long fabled as a source of gold) where a slave-trading company was established in Lagos both from what country?

Constantinople (A/P)

In 1453, the Muslim Ottoman Turks conquered the most important city in Eastern Europe which was what and then renamed Istanbul

Spain (P)

In 1469, Isabella of Castile married Ferdinand of Aragon, uniting the two most powerful Spanish thrones, and the two of them started a long campaign to finish the reconquest of what country?

Bartolomeu Dias (G/P)

In 1488, the Cape of Good Hope on the southern tip of Africa was rounded by what Portuguese sponsored sailor?

Jews (P/M/S)

In 1492, for religious uniformity Ferdinand and Isabella expelled all whats from Spain (which cost them some of their most innovative citizens)?

Treaty of Tordesillas (A)

In 1494, a line was drawn by the pope in South America to separate Portuguese and Spanish claims in what treaty?

India (E/P)

In 1498, Vasco da Gama followed Bartolomeu Dias's route and reached what country?

Cabot (P)

In 1498, this explorer went out on a second voyage but he and his crew disappeared and it was until more than 50 years later when England started looking at the Americas

Puerto Rico (A/G/P)

In 1508-1509, Juan Ponce de Leon founded the first Spanish community near what would become San Juan and was named governor of what?

Florida (G)

In 1513, Ponce de Leon led an expedition from Puerto Rico (legend saying he was seeking a "fountain of youth") to what he thought was another island which he named La what?

Martin Luther (S)

In 1517, on the door of a church in Wittenberg (in the small independant German-speaking state of Saxony) what young German monk posted his ninety-five theses asking for a debate about religious doctrine

Ninety-Five Theses (S)

In 1517, on the door of a church in Wittenberg (in the small independant German-speaking state of Saxony) what young German monk, Martin Luther, posted what asking for a debate about religious doctrine?

Tenochtitlán

In 1519, Hernán Cortés sailed from Cuba to Mexico with 600 soldiers and within 2 years, he conquered what capital and renamed it Mexico city?

Ferdinand Magellan (A)

In 1519, five ships began a journey and went around the tip of South America in 1520 and across the Pacific to the Philippines and they were led by who (though he was killed on the journey)?

Pánfilo de Narváez (A)

In 1528, there was another ill-fated effort to colonize Florida with about 400 men sailing to Tampa Bay led by who?

Inca (A/P)

In 1532, in Peru, Francisco Pizarro and his army of 168 soldiers defeated Emperor Atahuallpa and his army of 80,000 soldiers of what empire?

France (G/P/A)

In 1534, Jacques Cartier was authorized to find a northern sea route but he didn't find it due to arctic ice but he did explore Newfoundland and the gulf of St. Lawrence as well as began a fur trade with natives; he was commissioned by what country?

Henry VIII (P/S)

In 1534, Parliament pass legislation ending papal authority in England and declared what king and his successors the head of the church although he didn't embraced many Protestant teachings leaving the religion in England closer to Catholicism

Esteban (P/A)

In 1539, a Franciscan brother Marcos de Niza led an expedition to find the fabled cities and he asked what African who had walked across Texas to scout for them

Coronado (A/G)

In 1540, Francisco Váquez de what led a large expedition across what is now the US Mexican border into modern Arizona

Mississippi (G/A)

In 1541, De Soto crossed the what river and explored modern Arkansas and likely modern-day Texas and then turned back to the same river and demanded a nearby Native American town provide supplies and porters to help with the river crossing then when they refused De Soto ordered them to destroyed the town

Coronado (A/G)

In 1541, the what expedition set off into what are now northern Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas where they met the Teya Indians (semi nomadic people who found ways to live well in a harsh countryside)

Coronado (G/A)

In 1542, discouraged and with supplies gone the people of what expedition returned to Mexico City in 1542 with little to show and it was decades before Spanish authorities would try again to settle in Arizona or New Mexico

Cabrillo (A/G)

In 1542, with three ships what Spanish commissioned explorer sailed north from Mexico along the Pacific Coast and continued until he hopefully reached China (which didn't happen)

Fort Caroline (G/A)

In 1562, Coligny commissioned Jean Ribault to make an initial trip to Florida and then commissioned a larger French expedition including many families with livestock, supplies, and tools which sailed in 1564 and the settlers moved to the mouth of the St. Johns River where Jacksonville, Florida, is today and they built a town named what after King Charles IX of France?

Florida (A/G)

In 1562, Gaspard de Coligny, a French protestant nobleman and admiral, commissioned expeditions to what modern state where it seemed to be a strategic location

Spain (P/A/G)

In 1565, Menendez de Aviles founded St. Augustine (today the oldest city of European origin in the US) and declared all lands north and west of it as belong to the king of what country

Francis Drake (G)

In 1579, an English privateer sailed up the coast of California, duplicating Cabrillo's route then turning west and sailing across the Pacific and on around the world before returning to London in 1580; this man's name was?

Walter Raleigh (P/A)

In 1584, an ambitious young man was authorized by England to fund and authorize missions to North America (mainly to establish a base for privateers) his name was what (leaded to the first colony)?

England (A/P)

In 1585, Raleigh sent 100 young men back to Roanoke on the Outer Banks of North CArolina along with the two Algonquian emissaries that went with him (Manteo and Wanchese) making it the first colony of what country?

Roanoke (P/A)

In 1587, Walter Raleigh convinced English investors to create a new colony in the Chesapeake Bay where the colonists would be promised 500 acres per family, but the some 100 people who left England to create the colony ended up on what island instead?

Dawes Act (P)

In 1928, Meriam's team conducted the first large-scale examination of the impact of what 1887 act?

Lewis Meriam

In 1928, a study of federal Indian policy was led by who?

Oscar DePriest (P/S)

In 1928, the first African-American to be elected to congress since reconstruction was named what?

60 (E)

In 1930 before even the initial impact of Depression this percent of American families had a total income of less than $2,000 per year which was the poverty line then

Smoot-Hawley Tariff (A/E/P)

In 1930, a raised tariff designed to protect American industries led to a trade war with other nations-who also raised their tariffs leading to a huge decrease in national trade (which is really bad)-and it was named?

Germany (A/E/P)

In 1931 banks closed in this country and they had a banking crisis

Democrat (P)

In 1932, Al Smith , John Nance Garner (Speaker of the HR), Newton Baker (former cabinet member), and Franklin Delano Roosevelt (NY governor) ran for which party's nomination?

4th (P)

In 1932, Roosevelt won the nomination on which ballot (numerical)?

Japan (A)

In 1932, a puppet government was installed in the Chinese province of Manchuria by this country who used an explosion at a railway owned by them to send troops into China

Bonus Army (P/E)

In 1932, out-of-work veterans marched to Washington to demand earlier payment of service bonuses not due until 1945 and were called what?

Herbert Hoover (E/P)

In 1932, the Bonus Army marched into Washington to ask for earlier payments of bonus but was dispersed by the army on orders of this president resulting in people calling him heartless

1/3 (E)

In 1933, how much of the nation's workers were in agriculture?

Volstead Act (P/E)

In 1933, people were allowed to drink beer legally and millions of dollars of new tax money came into the treasury as the result of amending what Act?

Huey P. Long (P/S/E)

In 1934 the Share Our Wealth Society was launched (which promised to give a one-time $5,000 grant per family and a guaranteed income of $2,500 (which was twice the national average) as well as educational subsidies for the young and pensions for the elderly by seizing the wealth of a few) by who?

African-Americans (E/P)

In 1934, a government survey estimated that 17 percent of whites but 38 percent of what group were out of work?

Dust Bowl (E/P)

In 1934, agricultural agents offering up to $16 a head for cattle, gov offered payments averaging $498 for a promise not to farm wheat the following year, and the CCC trying to build projects to reclaim land were all efforts in response to what disaster?

Share Our Wealth Society (P/E/S)

In 1934, an organization-promising to give a one-time $5,000 grant per family and a guaranteed income of $2,500 (which was twice the national average) as well as educational subsidies for the young and pensions for the elderly by seizing the wealth of a few-was launched by Huey P. Long and was called what?

Upton Sinclair (P)

In 1934, based on a pledge to "End Poverty in California" this muckraking author sought and won the Democratic nomination for California governor but lost the overall election and he was not supported by FDR (who saw it as an effort to confiscate private property)

artists (E/P)

In 1935 and 1936, WPA created a lasting cultural legacy by employing who?

American Federation of Labor (P/E)

In 1935 when the Wagner Act was passed, only about 10 percent of American workers were union members and those who were mostly were in the skilled craft unions of which bigger union?

Ethiopia (A)

In 1935, Britain, which controlled the Suez canal, could have cut off the Italian troops closing the canal but did not do anything (and neither did the League of Nations) when Mussolini invaded what country?

isolationism (P)

In 1935, George Earle (the governor of PA) and Thomas Schall (Minnesota senator) both supported what foreign policy philosophy?

Nuremberg Decrees (A/P)

In 1935, the Nazi Parliament took away the citizenship of German Jews, excluded jews from most professions and the military, and made the marriage of a Jew and non-Jew illegal by passing what?

Wagner Act (P/E)

In 1935, the rights of union members were expanded, "unfair labor practices" were outlawed, and workers got the rights to join a union without getting fired, collectively bargaining, and to strike through the National Labor Regulations Act which is also known as?

National Labor Relations Act (P/E)

In 1935, the rights of union members were expanded, "unfair labor practices" were outlawed, and workers got the rights to join a union without getting fired, collectively bargaining, and to strike through the Wagner Act which is also known as?

Second New Deal (P)

In 1935, there was a shift in gov focus (although it wasn't a radical change) which led to greater attention to long-term financial security for more Americans making some call it the what?

senate (P/A)

In 1935, when President Franklin Roosevelt sought US entry to the World Court, what section of the US government rejected the plan?

France (A)

In 1936 , when Hitler's troops marched into the Rhineland, violating the Treaty of Versailles , he wrote privately that if the government of what country acted (which it didn't) germany would have to retreat with "our tails between our legs"

Spain (A/P)

In 1936 and 1937, several thousand young Americans (mostly from various left-leaning movements) volunteered to fight in what country on the side of the Republican government?

Republican (P)

In 1936, Alf Landon was nominated for president by what party?

Alf Landon (P)

In 1936, the liberal Kansas Governor that the Republican Party nominated was?

1937 Neutrality Act (A/P/S)

In 1937, Congress toughened the prohibition on selling arms to any side, made it illegal for Americans to travel on a belligerent ship, declared nonmilitary material could be only sold to a warring nation on a "cash and carry" basis (insisting there would be no loans), and decreed that all goods bought in the US (by warring countries) had to be taken out of the country in non-US ships by passing what act?

Tennessee Valley Authority (P)

In 1938 (after the clash with the court), Congress defeated a reorganization plan for the executive branch of the government that FDR wanted and a plan to expand what organization to other regions of the country that was focused at the Tennessee river?

Czechoslovakia (A/P)

In 1939, Hitler claimed Germany had the right under the Treaty of Versailles to incorporate the Sudeten region (where there was a large German population though still a minority) of this country and then proceeded to take over the rest of this country

Iberian Peninsula (P)

In 711, Muslim invaders from North Africa conquered and remained in control of what peninsula for almost 800 years (where modern Spain is )?

lumber (A/G/E)

In 980, the vikings expanded their territory to Greenland where they interacted-not always peacefully-with the local Inuit people and exported what to Scandinavia while maintaining themselves with successful farms

slaves (S)

In Africa, as a punishment for crime, a payment for debt or a result of war Africans could become what?

sit-down strike (E)

In Akron, Ohio, at the Firestone Tire Plant on January 29, 1936 the first of this new type of strike occurred and strikers won

Kiva (S)

In Anasazi culture, religious rites were conducted in this type of underground room

Amerigo Vespucci (A)

In April 1495, Isabella and Ferdinand authorized another Spanish voyages across the Atlantic for what explorer that became convinced they reached a new continent and the Americas were named after him

Gold (E/P)

In April 1933, FDR put badly needed money into circulation by changing currency to being backed by the government's promise to pay and taking it off the what standard?

WWI (P)

In April 1935, 50,000 WWI veterans marched for peace and laid wreaths on the graves of the three members of Congress who had voted against US entry in this conflict and days later, 175,000 college students staged a strike for peace

Works Progress Administration (P)

In April 1935, Congress created this organization to institutionalize and expand the New Deal

Poland (A)

In April 1939, Mussolini invaded Albania and Hitler made feints towards what country?

Poland (A/P)

In August 1939, Hitler stunned the world by signing a nonaggression pact with Joseph Stalin (dictator of the Soviet Union) and agreed to the partition of what country?

women (S)

In Cahokia, and in most settled Native American cultures, farming was the work of what gender?

protein (S)

In Cahokia, mun hunted to add animal flavor and what to the diet which together produced a rich supply of food, enough to sustain a much larger community

Neutrality Laws (P/A)

In Congress, the isolationist and peace sentiment of the 1930s led to a passage of a number of what kinds of laws designed to keep the United States out of war

Japan (A)

In December 1937 the US gunboat Panay in Nanking, China was sank by pilots of this country which made Americans angry but not angry enough to fight

Christianity (S)

In Ethiopia, what religion took root quickly and that part of east Africa has remained predominantly on this religion for 2,000 years

Columbian Exchange (A/S/E)

In Europe, Asia, and Africa, foods like corn, beans, peanuts, potatoes, cassava, sweet potatoes, avocados, pineapples, tomatoes, chilies, vanilla, and cocoa from the Americas enriched people's diets as a result of the what which started after 1492?

Italy (A/P)

In Europe, some of the earliest signs of postwar ill will appeared in 1921 with the ultra-nationalist fascist party leader, Benito Mussolini becoming prime minister (and called himself "Il Duce") and he ruled with an iron fist for 20 years in what country?

70 (P)

In Feb 1937, Roosevelt went to Congress with a proposal that would allow him to appoint an additional Supreme Court Justice for every member over what age (which at the time would mean 6 new justices) with similar numbers in the lower courts in order to stop the Supreme Court from overturning the New Deal

Nazi Party (A/P)

In February 1933, Communist deputies in the German Parliament were purposefully arrested to give this political party a solid majority there

Spain (P)

In January 1492, armies of Isabella and Ferdinand defeated Muslim Granada, adding its territory to their kingdom and ending the 800-year presence in what country?

Social Security (P)

In January 1940, Ida M. Fuller, a 76 year old woman living in Vermont received the first what check?

Aztec

In July 1520, what empire turned on Cortes and he and his soldiers fled from the capital but support from tribes who hated this empire helped him conquer them

Spain

In July 1936, Fascist General Francisco Franco led an attack on the left-leaning and democratically elected government of his country which became engulfed in a bloody civil war with Germany and Italy aiding Franco and Russia and western gov sending meager aid to the republicans resulting in the Fascist Franco winning in early 1939 making this country join Germany and Italy in their fascist bloc

Japan (A)

In July 1937, Shanghai (the largest city in China) and Nanking (the Chinese capital) were captured by troops from what country?

The Rape of Nanking (A)

In July 1937, the Japanese attack of Nanking was a brutal assault-with as many as 300,000 Chinese being killed as well as the Japanese army raping, beheading, machine-gunning, and bayoneting civilians-leading it to be known as what?

Public Works Administration (E/P)

In June 1933, the National Industrial Recovery Act created this organization which was committed to large-scale construction projects across the country

National Recovery Administration (P/E)

In June 1933, the National Industrial Recovery Act created this organization which was mandated to make a voluntary national network of businesses to maintain wages and prices

National INdustrial Recovery Act (P/E)

In June 1933, two of the best known New Deal agencies, the Public Works Administration (PWA) and the National Recovery Administration (NRA), were created through what act?

Adolph Hitler (A/P)

In March 1938 when German troops marched into Austria, the independent country of Austria was announced to be known as the German province of Ostmark by this political figure who rode into Vienna in triumph and was welcome as a hero by many

Agricultural Adjustment Act (E/P)

In May 1933, FDR signed this act that attempted to get rid of the agricultural surplus and therefore increase wages among farmers

Agricultural Adjustment Act (E/P)

In May 1933, FDR signed this not always popular act that sought to plow under 10.5 million acres of cotton and slaughter 6 million piglets to get rid of the agricultural surplus

Federal Emergency Relief Act (E/P)

In May 1933, FDR signed what act which provided direct government grants to people without incomes (Hoover had provided just loans)?

Tennessee Valley Authority (P/E)

In May 1933, to control floods, bring electricity in rural areas without it, and provide jobs by building dams on the Tennessee River Congress created this organization

St. Louis (A/M/P)

In May, 1939 a German ship arrived in Havana with 930 Jewish refugees but the Cuban gov refused to give temporary visas so the ship sailed up the US coast while negotiators tried to get the US State Department to allow refugees to land but they didn't and a Coast Guard cutter was ordered to intercept any passenger that tried to go ashore of this ship which was called what?

Acoma (G/I)

In New Mexico, not far from Albuquerque, the oldest continually inhabited city of the current US was established in the 1100s and is named what?

Rome-Berlin Axis treaty (A/P)

In November 1936, as Nazi power grew in Germany and fascism continued its hold on italy the two countries formalized their alliance with what agreement?

Kristallnacht

In November 1938, in a well-orchestrated attack across Germany, crowds attacked Jewish stores, homes, and synagogue, the government arrested around 20,000 Jews, and the Nazi government then ordered an "atonement fine" on Jews closed Jewish stores, and shortly confiscated all Jewish property during the crystal night also called what?

Huey P. Long

In Roosevelt's mind, the greatest challenge came from Louisiana's charismatic senator named what?

farming (G)

In Santa Fe, Peralta built the oldest public building still standing and while he governed, the colony's attention turned from gold to what?

Promise of peace (A)

In September 1938, at a conference in Munich, Germany, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain agreed to allow Hitler's claim to the Sudetenland (and was criticized by Winston Churchill) in exchange for a promise of what ?

Britain/France (A/P)

In September 1939, after Germany went after Poland, these two countries followed through on their promise to declare war and WWII began in Europe

Inca (S/I)

In South America, what empire was even larger than the Aztecs?

Hopi/Zuni/Pueblo/Navajo (G/M/S/A)

In Utah, Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico the pueblos and villages that the first Spanish explorers encountered in the 1500s were built by these four tribes who slowly moved into the previous Anasazi and Hohokam territory

Penicillin/Streptomycin (E/S)

In WWII what two new medicines were invented to reduce battlefield deaths?

Dictatorship (P/A)

In a poll commissioned by Democratic Chairman James Farley there was evidence that a third-party ticket led by Huey P. Long could lead to Roosevelt's defeat in 1936 and even a Long victory, which fueled FDR's fear that what type of government could emerge in the US as it had in Italy and Germany during their Depressions

Great Depression

In addition to the stock market crash in 1929, banking, manufacturing, farming, and international trade were surprisingly fragile causing the economy to come apart thoroughly in this period

Pacific ocean (A)

In addition to those who explored the Atlantic coast, Vasco Nunez de Balboa reached the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 and became the first European to view the what?

trade (E/P)

In addition, southern Europe and parts of AFrica south of the Sahara Desert shared along history of what that was never entirely interrupted (even when Arab armies conquered North Africa in the 600s and Islam replaced Christianity as the dominant religion there

Kachinas (S/I)

In both Hopi and Pueblo communities, members of special societies danced in ceremonies designed to connect the community with its ancestors while seeking their presence and blessing on the crops and they wore ritual masks called what?

Black Tuesday (E)

In late October, speculation turned to panic as stock prices kept falling and on tuesday October 29 the worst single day in the history of the stock exchange occurred which is infamously known as ?

Appalachian (G/A)

In northern Florida (near current Tampa) De Soto saw fields of corn and large towns led by powerful rulers and in 1540, the expedition moved into Georgia and the Carolinas where at a probably Creek Indian village young woman greeted De Soto and he responded by taking her prisoner and demanding she guide them over the what mountains to the gold he wanted

Iroquois (I/M/G/S)

In parts of Cahokia's former territory, the Cherokees and Tuscaroras settled in parts of Georgia, Tennessee, and North Carolina and they are more connected linguistically with this tribe than the Creeks and Choctaws

New Mexico/Arizona (G)

In place of abandoned Anasazi centers, Pueblo and Hopi people were created thriving settlements in what two states?

Christopher Columbus (A)

In spite of a friendly welcome, what explorer took some Tainos as captives to teach Spanish and show to his sponsors in Spain

Roman Catholic Church (A/S)

In the 1400s, the religious life of Europe was dominated by a unified what?

Kongo (P/S)

In the 1490s, Portuguese missionaries converted the king of what to Catholicism?

Japan (A)

In the 1910s and 1920s, a goal of "Asia for Asians"-involving the replacement of Britain, France, and the United States as dominant powers of the whole western rim of the Pacific Ocean - was declared by this country as their power grew

American Jewish Congress (A/P)

In the 1930s, loud protests against both Nazi attacks and American immigration, urged boycotts of German goods, and a staged mock trial of Hitler were all efforts of what group?

Franklin Roosevelt (P)

In the 1932 election, on the 4th ballot who won the Democratic nomination

Book of Common Prayer (P/S)

In the Act of Uniformity of 1559 Parliament declared that Elizabeth I was "Supreme Governor" of the Church of England, every person in England had to attend church once a week, and worship would follow what book?

Cahokia (S/I)

In the Mississippi valley in what would be the Carolinas there were tribes that lived in small communities of 500 to 2,000 people with none living in cities that were like this impressive settlement of the Mound builders

Iroquois (S/P)

In the Northeast the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas developed an alliance that called themselves the Haudenosaunee and the Europeans called them the what?

agriculture (S)

In the Pueblo and Hopi Southwest, an intricate maze of canals, dams, and terracing allowed what to flourish in a dry climate?

encomienda (S)

In the Spanish, the grant to a Spanish settler of a certain number of Indian subjects who would pay him tribute in goods and labor was named what

midwest (P/G)

In the United States, many people everywhere agreed with isolationism but it was strongest in what region?

Spain (A)

In the earliest exploration and conquest of the Americas, what country was the unquestioned leader?

quotas (A/M)

In the face of Nazi attacks, many Jews tried to leave Europe but leaving was hard and the 1924 legislation made immigration to the US very difficult due to the strict whats it created?

League of Nations (A)

In the face of the worldwide violence and aggression, the governments of Great Britain, France and the United States did virtually nothing while this international coalition dedicated to keeping peace proved to be a meaningless barrier agaisnt aggression

China (A/P)

In the fall of 1937, a Gallup poll showed that in the battle over the control of Manchuria, 59 percent of Americans favored this country (with only 1 percent favoring the other)

Songhay (P)

In the late 1400s, under two of its greatest kings: Sunni Ali (r. 1464-1492) who died in the year of Columbus's first voyage and Askia Muhammad (r. 1493-1528) what kingdom became the strongest military and economic power in West Africa?

Dutch colonies (A/P)

In the late 1930s, 1940, and 1941, Roosevelt and his cabinet feared that if they cut off oil shipments (did cut off metal ones) to Japan they would face their wrath and that Japan would quickly attack the only other potential source of oil for Japan which were what in Asia?

Franklin Roosevelt (P)

In the long months after the election in November the US economy kept getting worse-with more banks closing, people becoming unemployed, and farmers evicted- until the inauguration on March 4, 1933 of which president?

climate (S/G)

In the mid-1300s, the Cahokia and the mound-building culture began to disappear, and although no one knows all the reasons for this decline, what certainly had a role in it?

Florida (E/G)

In the mid-1920s many Americans began to buy real estate that later became worthless in which state?

Nye Committee (P)

In the mid-1930s, a Senate Special Committee chaired by North Dakota's Gerald Nye (which concluded that big business had led the US into WWI) was known as what?

Migrant farm workers (S/E/M)

In the midst of a national Depression, people who left the Dust Bowl and moved to california often became what?

Chaco Canyon (G/S)

In the northwest of New Mexico the Anasazi quickly began to develop a hub of a widespread trade and ceremonial-religious network called what? (It's like a city kind of)

state governer

In the winter of 1932-33 , the nation's banking system started to collapse-due to investing in failing stocks and property that became worthless- which caused people of this political occupation to announce "bank holidays" in their states to stop further failures

1932 (E/P)

In what year did the Bonus Army march to Washington to demand early payment of a pension?

WWII (A)

In, September 1939, 84 percent of Americans supported Britain and France, only 2 percent Germany but a very large majority of Americans wanted to stay out of what no matter the sympathy for each side?

Oñate (P/G)

Including 400 men, women, and children (among them a few Spanish soldiers, Franciscan friars, and Indians) along with a supply of wagons, cattle, sheep, and mules was what expedition that in 1598 stopped on the banks of the Rio Grande and claimed all of the lands and people to the north for Spain

900 (S/G)

Instead of being limited to what they could find or hunt to eat, residents of Cahokia were able to begin farming (like the Hohokam of the Southwest, they cultivated squash, corn, and beans) due to a warming trend that happened by about what year?

balance (S)

Instead of the total conquest concept that Europeans had, Native Americans tribes usually had war to settle specific issues, achieve honor, and most of all to restore the what that was essential to Indian life?

equality (S)

It took several hundred years before most American Indians realize that the Europeans did not look on them as they looked on themselves and that any what in trade or warfare was to be short lived?

Florida (G/A)

It was from the French Protestants that the first settlers of what state were recruited?

yellow stars (A/P)

Jews in Germany then in Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and other territories under German control were forced to wear what to identify themselves?

Black Death (A)

Jews, religious nonconformists, and foreigners made good scapegoats and there were massive persecutions across Europe after what disease wiped out millions of people?

1934 (P)

John Collier convinced Congress to pass the Wheeler-Howard Act (AKA the Indian Reorganization Act) by June of what year ?

American Federation of Labor (P/E)

John L. Lewis (United Mine Workers of America), Sidney Hillman (Amalgamated Clothing Workers), and David Dubinsky (International Ladies' Garment Workers Union) attempted to push this union to organize all the workers in an industry instead of just the skilled ones but failed

Puerto Rico/Florida (G/A)

Juan Ponce de Leon, who had been part of the Spanish army that conquered Muslim Granada in 1492, led the first known European expeditions in what two modern parts of the US?

Adolph Hitler (A/P)

Just before Roosevelt became president, the National Socialist party of Germany helped this political figure's election in January 1933 with 44 percent of the vote (national socialist=nazi)

Ghana (G)

Just south of the Sahara, the kingdom of what governed much of West Africa for hundreds of years

Verrazano (P)

King Francis I of France (r. 1515-1547) did not want to leave the Americas to Spain or Portugal and in 1524, the French king commission an Italian sailor to explore the Atlantic coast and find a sea route to Asia for France his name was Giovanni da what?

England (A/P)

King Henry VII of what country commissioned Giovanni Caboto, or John Cabot, to sail across the Atlantic in 1497 where he landed in North America (most likely Newfoundland) and may have traveled as far south as Maine and although he didn't meet people, he made a cross and banner to claim lands for this country getting a rich reward

Central (S/P)

Kongo kings generally inherited the throne from their father or brother, but a group of nobles or electors could choose a different ruler and a similar system was found in much of what region of Africa

Verrazano (P/G)

La Dauphine left France in January 1524 and landed on what is now Cape Fear, North Carolina; this ship was commanded by who?

agriculture (S/G/I)

Large, settled communities were possible because the earlier hunting and gathering economy were replaced by what type of practices?

Black Legend (S)

Las Casas may have led the Spanish authorities to make a few reforms but the biggest effect of his work (writing about the horrible treatment of natives by Spanish)was that protestants published his words creating the what of the Spanish cruelty (for the color of the priest's robes)

Narváez expedition (A)

Leaving the ships in Tampa Bay, about 300 men spent months tramping through swamps seeking gold (and soon just food and water) and they were attacked by Indians while wearing 50 to 60 pounds of heavy armor in what disastrous expedition?

Iroquois (S/I)

Legends tell of a great peace-maker, Dekanawidah, who convinced the warring tribes to live together under the Great Law of Peace- an eclipse of the sun around the year 1142 supposedly strengthened his plea- leading to the creation of the what?

2 years

Length of HR term

6 years

Length of Senate term

4 years

Length of prez term

education (S/P)

Lewis Meriam called for the moving of the what of Indian children to their home and tribal context, which was done

The Problem of Indian Administration (S/P)

Lewis Meriam's report-which stated the work of the gov to try and educate Indians was ineffective and the conditions of boarding schools were cruel- was called what ?

Congress of Industrial Organizations (P)

Lewis, Hillman, and Dubinsky created the Committee for Industrial Organization in the AF of L and-due to AF of L resistance-they eventually became a separate union and competitor to the AF of L named what?

Committee for Industrial Organization (P/E)

Lewis, Hillman, and Dubinsky created what branch in the AF of L and, due to AF of L resistance, which eventually separated and became the Congress of Industrial Organizations

Francis Drake (P/S)

Licensed for piracy by Queen Elizabeth, who became likely the most famous privateer?

Europe (A/S)

Life to modern eyes would seem primitive (most people were dirty, poorly clothed, illiterate, and life expectancy was in the 30s) with limited trade in what continent in the 1400s?

turkey (S)

Like the Anasazi, the Pueblo and Hopi diet relied on corn, brown beans, and various forms of squash but they used dogs to hunt and domesticated what animal to add animal protein to their diet

Inca (S)

Like the Aztecs, when Europeans came in the early 1500s the main conquests occurred only in the 1400s in what relatively new empire?

Mayan (S)

Like with the Aztecs, human sacrifice as well as subjugation of other nearby tribes in pursuit of people and goods were characteristics of what empire?

Am XXII (22)

Limit amount of terms for prez

Am XVIII

Liquor illegal and process doing with it

Inca (S/G)

Located in Peru was Cuzco-the capital of what empire?

slavery (E)

Long before the Portuguese arrived, what was a significant part of the African economy in the 1400s?

Am XX (20) ("lame duck")

Made official prez and vice terms/require Congress meets once annually/vice takes over if prez dies

China (A)

Many Asians resented US control of the Philippine Islands, British involvement in China and Burma, Dutch control of the oil-rich East Indies, and French control of Indochina (modern Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia) making Japanese conquests often welcomed in Asia except for this country where Japanese advances were deeply resented

1936 (P)

Midwestern progressives and Socialists (who supported Teddy Roosevelt in the 1912 election and Robert La Follette in the 1924 election) talked about being a third party for what year?

M

Migration and Settlement

Japan (A)

Militarists in this country were growing power and their militarism had a strong anti-American strain as various American policies (like segregation in San Francisco schools and all exclusion of all immigrants from this county) sparked continuing anger

18 years

Minimum age to vote

National Recovery Administration (E/P)

Minimum wages and prices, the outlaw of child labor, and the guarantee of labor's right to organize were created through what New Deal organization ?

1400s (S)

Mississippian valley villages were a half dozen to several dozen houses with a central field for games or ceremonies, all surrounded by a wooden wall in what century?

Asia (M)

Modern anthropologists tend to trace the path of early human integration, that began 25,000 or even 30,000 years ago, as starting in what continent?

Charles Coughlin (P)

More influential than Townsend or Sinclair this "radio priest" inspired and frightened some in the early 1930s

Kongo (P/S)

More than a century after the 1490s, English and Spanish authorities who did not expect their Christian beliefs and knowledge of the Catholic mass were confused by slaves from what kingdom?

Jacques Cartier (G/A)

More than a thousand Indians came to great this French explorer at the river and he traded European goods but he stayed too long and the river froze over and although he lost a quarter of his crew, he made it back to France

Kongo (S)

Most Central Africans practiced traditional religions that included belief in a world after death, ancestor worship, and a central role for priests and other intermediaries between divine and human affairs, while kings from what kingdom were Catholic?

Silk Road (E/G)

Most educated Europeans believed that the world was round, but until 1492, they were concerned primarily with the land and traders had long gone over the what established between Venice and China by Marco Polo between 1271 and 1295 that brought luxury goods to Europe from Asia

community (S)

Most native Americans saw what as the focus of life and labor and community members won fame and respect by what they gave away more than what they kept

WWII (E)

Most of the Dust Bowl refugees survived on the margins of society until new industrial jobs created by this major event ended the Depression for them

California (M)

Most people who left the Dust Bowl moved to what state?

Democrat (P)

Most thought that whoever won the 1932 nomination of which party would become president?

Art VI (6)

National supremacy

circular (S)

Native American saw time as what instead of a steady line from creation to the present and future

harmony (S)

Native American shamans and priests were considered visionarries, were expected to have contact with the supernatural and keep the stories alive, and they had the special responsibility of helping restore what when it was disrupted by disease, war, or climatic changes that brought famine?

California (S/G)

Native Americans that lived in clans of extended families rather than larger tribal units and had an economy based on gathering wild plants and on fishing and hunting largely lived in what state?

United States (A/P/M)

Nazi laws limited the money a departing Jew could take to about $4 which made a potential immigrant a pauper and therefore ineligible for admission to what country?

trade (E/S)

Neighboring villages might exchange corn or meat, but long-distance was generally limited to things that were rare and easy to carry and artifacts uncovered in almost any native settlement in North America attest to the lively what among all the continents tribes

Art I (1) Sec 5

Neither house nor senate can adjourn while other is in business

Christopher Columbus (A)

Never fully understanding his journey, what explorer thought he had reached an unknown part of Asia and called the people there Indians as a result

Mansa Musa (P)

New mosques and schools were built and an Islamic university at Timbuktu (that was respected throughout the Muslim world for its scholarship) was established by what successor of Sundiata?

Am VIII (8)

No cruel or unusual punishment/no excessive bail or fines

Am XIII (13)

No more slavery

France (A/G)

No nation was more deeply split by the Protestant-Catholic divide than what country which had a large Protestant minority and strong Catholic majority

Am III (3)

No quartering

vikings (A)

Norse sailors came from modern-day Norway and Denmark and settled Iceland in the late 800s and they were commonly known as the what?

environments (S)

North Americans had radically different ways of life which was partially caused by different whats?

war (S)

Not all exchanges between tribes were friendly; there was certainly what that was sometimes to settle matters of honor and sometimes in search for valuables

Prince Henry (G/A)

Not only geographical information about the African coast, but better navigational instruments and charts as well as better designed ships that could travel greater distances in good and bad weather came as a result of the voyages supported by who?

Portugal (P)

Not only were a string of trading colonies in India, Indonesia, and China established but a massive new African trade was developed by what country?

Am XXV (25)

Office succession for prez

Verrazano (P)

On April 17, 1524, who became the first European to sail in New York Harbor and received a kind welcome from the natives?

Social Security Act (P)

On August 14, 1935, Congress passed this act which included a federal tax on employees and employers to fund the retirement system

right of free speech/right of assembly (A/P)

On February 27, 1933 (a month after Hitler coming to office) the Nazi Party issued a decree ending these two rights in Germany

Spain (S)

On Hispaniola treatment of American Indians was denounced within less than 20 yearsand In 1511 on a Sunday before Christmas, Antonio de Montesinos (Dominican priest) asked his congregation from what country what right they had to be cruel to natives

Social Security (P)

On January 17, 1935, FDR announced plans for a program that would protect 26 million citizens and propose a bill including a federal tax on employees and employers in order to fund the retirement system, a federal tax to support state-administered unemployed insurance system, and fund the immediate relief of the elderly, Aid to Dependent Children, and modest support for public health, this program was called what?

De Soto

On June 20, 1542, the leader of this expedition died of fever and his fellow explorers sunk his body in the Mississippi River so the now-hostile Indians would not know their leader was gone and then they drifted down the river to Mexico with half the original group surviving and without seeing much they were interested in

beer (P)

On March 13, 1933, Congress amended the Volstead Act and legalized what alcoholic beverage?

Economy Act (P/E)

On March 13, 1933, Congress passed what act which gave the president broad power to cut government spendings ?

Emergency Banking Act (P/E)

On March 9 1933 , Congress passed this Act which was drafted by officials in the outgoing Hoover administration

Emergency Banking Act (P/E)

On March 9, this act was passed by Congress which allowed the opening of banks which the gov deemed safe and permanently got rid the weakest ones

1620 (S)

On September 6th of what year did the Mayflower sail from Plymouth?

St. Lawrence (G/A)

On a second voyage (1535-1536), Cartier explored what river far upstream coming to the sites of Quebec and Montreal for France

Powhatans (S/I)

On the Atlantic Coast and the eastern slopes of the Appalachians were the Algonquian-speaking tribes, the largest of which may have included 60,000 or more people and was which one?

Algonquian (S/G)

On the Atlantic Coast and the eastern slopes of the Appalachians were the what-speaking tribes?

Poland (A/P)

Once Hitler invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia, British Prime Minister Chamberlain, announced that if Hitler's forces attacked what country his forces would be met with armed resistance

Mansa Musa (P/G/S)

One of Sundiata's successors made his pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324 where his lavish caravan and generous gifts spread gold so freely that "the value of Cairo's currency was depressed for many years"; his name was what?

Oñate (P)

One thousand of Acoma's residents were killed, the remaining 500 were taken as slaves, and male captives had one foot cut off as a result of what Spanish explorer/conquistador ?

Mound builders (I/S)

One would find a city (named Cahokia) surrounded by strong wooden walls with thatch-covered houses at the center of the culture of what ancient native american group?

Black Death (A)

One-third, perhaps even half, of Europe's population was wiped out by what disease after it arrived

Prez

Only office need to be US born for

Chicago (P)

Oscar DePriest, the first African-American to be elected in Congress since reconstruction, was from what city?

San Gabriel (P/G)

Oñate chose to interpret the lack of hostility from the Pueblo as agreement to submit and he built a capital named what?

north (G)

Oñate named the place where crossed the Rio Grande, the river El Paso del Norte or "pass to the what"?

Pueblo (P)

Oñate sought political allegiance from the what people of southern New Mexico and in July 1598, he asked the chiefs to swear allegiance to Spain and convert to Christianity?

1609 (P)

Oñate's cruelty and failure to find riches led to his recall in what year?

salmon (S)

Pacific Coast Indians lived primarily on the abundant what in their rivers, which could be smoked or dried for year-round consumption

Jews (A/P)

Packed into tightly controlled urban ghettos, and within 2 years of Kristallnacht, the first of this religious group were being transported to slave labor and death camps

Printing press (S)

Part of what fueled the response to Luther's ninety-five theses was the what?

Agricultural Adjustment Administration (S/E)

Payments from what organization often helped landlords but were not passed on (like they should have) to tenant farmers or sharecroppers

unemployment (E)

People living in shanties, riding the rails as stowaways, or waiting in bread lines was caused by this individual economic situation on a massive scale in the early 1930s

California (S/G)

Perhaps 700,000 or 10 percent of the Indians north of the Rio Grande lived in what state?

New Mexico/Arizona (S/G/I)

Perhaps around 700 years before the arrival of Columbus, the "ancient ones", or Anasazi, began building communities in what two current states?

Mary McLeod Bethune (P)

Perhaps the most prominent member of the Black Cabinet was who?

Civil jury

Personal or business related matters over money, injury, etc will be tried with jury (tried with jury for non-criminal cases

Farm Security Administration (P)

Photographers working for what organization took pictures of Okies in California?

privateers (P/S)

Pirates who were commissioned by the England government to bring back riches were called what?

P

Politics and power

1521 (S/P)

Ponce de Leon returned to Florida with some 200 followers-Europeans , Africans, and Indians from Puerto Rico-in what year? (though Native Americans in Florida did not welcome them and Leon died from a poisoned arrow)

Am X (10)

Power not given to federal gov is given to states and people

Art I (1) Sec 8

Powers of Congress

1 week (P/E)

President Roosevelt gave his first fireside chat to convince people they could trust reopened banks-which stopped the run on the banks- after being how long in office?

Fireside Chats (P/E)

President Roosevelt stopped the run on banks, which allowed federally approved banks to be solvent, using what media outlet he frequently used?

Art II (2) Sec 2

President is Commander in Chief, can pardon people, and can make treaties with Congress approval

Art II (2) Sec 3

Prez duties and impeachment

35 years

Prez. minimum age

Cahokia (S/G/I)

Priests and chiefs tracked the sun, conducted rituals, and dispensed gifts that displayed their power, while nearby hamlets grew the food that fed the city's inhabitants in this major settlement of the Mound builders

Africa (A)

Prince Henry or "the navigator" decided that Portugal with its location should try to establish a new trade route to Asia by sailing around what?

Classical period (S/I)

Probably due to an extended period of drought and over farming of the land, the high point of Mayan culture entered a period of decline hundred of years before the rise of the Aztecs, the high point in culture was called the what?

Latino Migration (M)

Puerto Ricans after World War 2 began moving to the U.S. mainland especially New York which was called the what?

Art VII (7)

Ratification of the Constitution needs 9 states

Clovis People (S/I)

Recent excavations in Texas that found primitive spear points at least 15,500 years old, evidence at many similar sites in the Americas, and the lack of a certain kind of spear-tips in Siberia led current anthropologists to believe that the spear point of this group was invented long after Americans had lost contact with Asia.

Inca (S/I)

Religion was centered on the sun and its seasons, human and animal sacrifice were common, and the emperor and his family were considered divine in what empire?

Aztecs (S/P)

Relying on their large army and attacking former allies, created enemies who would help the Spanish conquer what tribe in the early 1500s

Am XXI (21)

Repealed Am XVIII (18) / gave control of liquor back to states

Yokut/Miwok/Maidu/Pomo (S)

Representing one of the largest concentrations of American Indians north of Mexico, these 4 tribes lived in California

Columbian Exchange (A/E/S)

Rice, wheat, barely, oats, and many new fruits and vegetables as well as chickens, cattle, sheep, and pigs from Europe, Africa, and Asia fed American Indians as the result of the what?

Am II (2)

Right to bear arms

Am VI (6)

Right to fair trial with unbiased jury/allowed a lawyer/right to confront witness

Am XV (15)

Right to vote can't be denied by race

John Collier (P)

Roosevelt appointed what social worker as commissioner of Indian Affairs?

Jews (A/M)

Roosevelt felt blocked by the immigration laws, but he did combine the German and Austrian quotas allowing some additional immigration of what group in 1936 and 1937

states (P)

Roosevelt was worried about the federal government amassing too much power and (although he was willing to have a federal role) he instated that the lead role in unemployment insurance had to be taken by who?

1937 (P)

Roosevelt went to Congress with a proposal that would allow him to appoint an additional Supreme Court Justice for every member over 70-at the time would mean 6-and similar numbers in the lower courts in order to stop the Supreme Court from overturning the New Deal at the beginning year?

purchasing power (E/P)

Roosevelt's "Brain Trust" all agreed that a way had to be found to raise farm income and industrial wages so there would be an increase in what?

Robert La Follette Jr. (P/E)

Roosevelt's economic team moved to reopen the banks, but ignored a proposal to nationalize them from what Wisconsin senator?

Dictatorship (P)

Roosevelt's proposal that involved adding judges to was constitutional but politically unwise and was soundly defeated by his allies since many (conservative and not) saw it as a step towards what type of government?

Frances Perkins (P)

Roosevelt's secretary of labor-and long-time NY state ally-was the first woman in a president's cabinet and her name was what?

Ghana (P/E)

Royal and religious officials, soldiers, merchants, and iron workers dominated what African kingdom?

Arizona (G/S)

Ruins of Hohokam communities may be seen today in Case Grande which is found in what state?

1492 (S)

Scalping an enemy to gain a trophy, perhaps even a part of the enemy's spirit, and using bows and arrows as deadly weapons were well known before the year the Americas were discovered in what year?

30 years

Senate minimum age

Art I (1) Sec.3

Senate requirements/Vice prez is prez of senate

Dust Bowl (G/M)

Settlement encouraged by the government, prolonged drought, the digging of wells,and the winds of the Great Plains led to what natural disaster?

Roanoke (P/A)

Settlers had been left in reasonably good shape , but the resupply ships that were supposed to come back were stopped due to the fighting with the Spanish Armada and between 1587 and 1589 the worst drought in 800 years happened which all led to what colony being abandoned when John White returned with the promised supplies in 1590

Fort Caroline (A/G/P)

Settlers meant to stay and build their lives in Florida which would be a useful outpost for France, yet far enough away to avoid the political and religious turmoil of their homeland in what town they established?

Mississippi Valley (S/G)

Several families shared a single structure and structures that housed a chief's family were somewhat larger but do not seem to have reflected a grander lifestyle in what geographical region of the US in the 1400s

Iroquois (S/I)

Several families would live in a single sturdy longhouse made of posts and poles covered with bark and the land around it belonged to the community in what Native American group?

canoes (S)

Shallow areas where Europeans could not go (between rivers, estuaries, and the oceans) were quickly navigated by what type of transportation which carried as many as 50 to 100 fighters each in Africa

Stock Market Crash (E)

Since many investors had put all their savings into the stock market, they had no funds to cover loans when brokers called for payment and even if the stock market later rallied they had no investment left and brokers usually couldn't sell stocks in time to protect the loan during what major event that spurred the Great Depression

Bering Land Bridge (M/G)

Since more of the world's water was stored in the glaciers during an ice age which caused lower sea levels , between 36,000 and 32,000 years ago and again between 25,000 and 14,000 years ago there was substantial dry land between the northern tip of Asia in Siberia and Alaska called what!

Japan (A/P/E)

Since there was no formal war between Japan and China, the Neutrality Act did not apply allowing American scrap iron and oil to be shipped to which of the two countries which strengthened their military

Portugal (P/E)

Slavery was virtually reinvented in Western Europe by merchants from what country?

1500 (S/A/E)

Slavery would transform European commerce -most of all in trade with European colonies in the Americas-while also transforming and weakening the economies (partially due to Portuguese actions) after what year?

New Mexico/Arizona/Utah/Colorado (G/M/S/A)

Slowly Hopi, Zuni, Pueblo, and Navajo people moved into the older Anasazi and Hohokam territory, where they built the Pueblos and villages that the first Spanish explorers encountered in the 1500s, which is located in what four states ?

Africa (P)

Small compared to European ships, canoes dug out of a single log were small which gave them power and were from what continent?

Algonquian (S/I)

Social life centered on the ceremonies of the season that gave thanks for the gifts of food, especially the green corn dance held in late summer which might have attract several hundred Indians from surrounding villages, to give thanks fo the harvest, and to celebrate the start of a new year in what group of Atlantic Coast tribes?

S

Society and culture

Florida (A/G/S)

Soldiers who did not want to create a vast empire but valued the independence that distance gave them and artisans as well as farmers who meant to build a richer life than in Spain settled colonies in what modern state making it vastly different than Mexico and Peru

Inca (S)

Some 32 million people were ruled from Mach Picchu as well as Cuzco (which had a population of 200,000) which was is in modern Peru and the capital of what empire?

Mayan (S/I)

Some 800,000 people divided into 16 to 18 independent kingdoms (which were a strong presence in western Mexico and Central America in the 1400s) during the decline of what empire?

Newfoundland (G/A)

Some claim Norse settlements as far south as the modern state of Maine and modern excavations shows the remains of a Norse colony in modern Canadian province of what?

Hernán Cortés (P/A)

Some of the Aztecs may have though who might be their lost god Quetzalcoatl and the emperor (Motecuhzoma) welcomed him and gave him gifts but their relationship soured quickly and this conqueror took the emperor prisoner but allowed him to maintain a facade of rule

Mesa Verse (G/S)

Some of the descendants of the Anasazi built cliff dwellings in southwestern Colorado that can still be seen today at where?

southwest (S/G)

Some of the largest American Indian settlements in what is now the US were in what region?

Jews (S/A)

Sometimes tolerated, sometimes savagely repressed, and occasionally honored for their contributions to medicine, commerce, and scholarship what small minority lived in most parts of Europe

China (P)

South Asia, especially India, was just beginning to be engaged in what would be a growing trade with Europe through the new trade routes that Portuguese explorers while what country became increasingly isolated?

structured (P/G)

South of Songhay, in the kingdoms of Kongo, Benin, and surrounding areas, government was powerful but far less what than in the empires of Mali and Songhay?

1588 (P)

Spain's navy, known as the Spanish Armada, was defeated by the English navy and destroyed by storms, when Spain attacked England in July of what year?

England (P/S)

Spain, under King Philip II (grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella) was at the center of a Catholic revival which was part of the reason his country became bitter rivals with what other country?

Pacific (G/A)

Spanish authorities commissioned Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo to investigate the what coast?

Truman (P)

Special efforts to court African-Americans and Jews, appointing Civil Rights, anti lynching law, laws against poll taxes, and laws against discrimination in transportation were the goals conducted by what president to expand his popularity?

Fireside chats (P/S)

Speeches broadcast over the radio (still a relatively new invention) where Franklin Roosevelt explained issues and programs in simple language

urbanized (S)

Squash, corn, and beans could be grown on a seasonal basis and stored as a surplus through the winter, and thereby support what type of culture?

Dust Bowl (S/G)

Starling late in 1932 and continuing in 1933, 1934, and 1935 dirt across the Great Plains was blown away in the phenomenon known as what?

Flint Sit-Down Strike (E)

Starting on December 30, 1936, workers in General Motors in Flint, Michigan started a sit down strike and many other plants of this company joined in and it resulted in General Motors recognizing the United Auto Workers union's ability to represent its members, promising to negotiate future contracts in good faith, and them promising there would be no punishments for workers because of the sit-down. This strike was called?

Art I (1) Sec 10

State prohibitions

Art IV (4) Sec 2

States must protect rights/Extradition/Fugitive slave clause

Black Tuesday (E)

Stock prices continued to fall, with value disappearing from businesses, in the months and years following October 29 which is also known as?

Labor Day (E)

Stock prices kept going up through the spring of 1929 and then in the summer they skyrocketed from the beginning of June to the end of August (causing most investors to disregard warnings) and they reached their high point in 1929 on the day after this holiday.

Art III (3) Sec 1

Supreme Court/Congress in charge of lower courts/federal judge office

Christopher Columbus (A/G)

Sure he could find gold what explorer, led by native guides, sailed to Cuba and sent a party to find a local chief (who his guides said had access to gold) then when did not find the leader or gold sailed to another island he named Hispaniola where he built a fort and left part of his crew there to find gold and with prisoners he returned to Spain

inhabited (S/G)

Taos Pueblo in northern New Mexico, with its multi storey buildings for many families, is still what as are many other Pueblo and Hopi communities in the Southwest?

1929 (S/I)

The 13,000 year old Clovis arrows and spear points, that were fluted to be attached to spears, were the oldest human artifacts found in the Americas when they were discovered in what year?

Wheeler-Howard Act (P)

The 1934 Indian Reorganization Act is officially called what?

Indian Reorganization Act (P)

The 1934 Wheeler-Howard Act is also known as what?

Robert Wagner (P)

The 1935 Wagner Act (or National Labor Relations Act), which greatly expanded the rights of Union members, was sponsored by which NY senator ?

equal (P)

The Africa that first began major economic and cultural contact with Europe was what in terms of military, cultural, and technological terms

Mississippi Valley (G/I/S)

The Cahokia or Mound builders created a thriving culture between 900 and 1350 and were from what geographical area (plus a little beyond too)?

Mound builders (I/S)

The Cahokia people of the Mississippi Valley were also known as what?

900/1350 (S/I)

The Cahokia people of the Mississippi Valley, or mound builders, created a flourish culture between what two years?

New Mexico (S/I)

The Clovis people, who arrived here around 13,000 years ago, take their name from a site where a trove of 13,000 year old spear points were found near a town that is now named Clovis in what state?

Glass-Steagall Act (P/E)

The Deposit Insurance Corporation and the separation of commercial and investment banks were both results of what 1933 act?

Farmers/Deep South (E/G)

The Depression had come much earlier, with the drop of agricultural prices beginning in 1920, for what group of people in which region?

Black Sunday (E/G)

The Dust Bowl continued year after but the worst day came on Sunday April 14, 1935 which came to be known as?

Deposit Insurance Corporation (P/E)

The Glass Steagall Act of 1933 created what organization (which is still around) to guarantee bank deposits?

banking (E/P)

The Glass-Steagall Act and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation stabilized the nation's what system?

John Steinbeck (S)

The Grapes of Wrath was a book about a hero named Tom Joad and the experience of Okies and it was written by who?

African-Americans (S/E)

The Great Depression hit this group especially hard as they were often among the first to lose their jobs and many who moved to northern cities were already on the bottom of the economic ladder

Iceland (A/S)

The Greenland colony survived until the early 1400s when the same colder weather that undermined Cahokia also brought the Greenland colony to an end and Vineland was never permanent but Europe maintained contact with what previous Norse colony?

Britain/France (A)

The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) depleted the resources of the two nations who fought in it who were?

New York (S/G/P)

The Iroquois Confederacy's central meeting place and council fire was near present-day Syracuse which is in what state?

Bracero (E/M)

The Mexican farmers temporarily entry into the United States to work in the agricultural fields (that other Americans left beginning of WW2) was called the what?

Iroquois (S/P)

The Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas formed the what?

Supreme Court (P)

The NRA (National Recovery Administration), AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Administration), and state minimum wage laws were undermined by this political institution which was conservative at the time

World War II (E/P/A)

The New Deal did not end the Great Depression the economy rebounded as a result of what?

Asia (E/G/A)

The Ottoman Turks restricted other countries from using the land routes across the Eastern Mediterranean causing the city states of Italy-Venice, Genoa, and Florence especially- to began a slow decline and for other Europeans to begin to seek new ways to reach what continent?

Diogo Gomes (P)

The Portuguese crown was represented in negotiating treaties of peace and commerce with African rulers of several states by who as early as 1456?

trade (S/G/M)

The Pueblo people eventually spread out over Arizona and New Mexico, speaking different languages yet connected to each other by common religious practices and what?

Eleanor (P)

The Roosevelts were an extraordinary public couple (although FR's personal life was usually tense) and Franklin's wife name was?

Pacific Northwest (S/G)

The Shasta and other tribes lived in towns of several hundred people, constructing houses as long as 60 feet built of cedar and richly decorated in what region of the US

Fort Caroline (G/A/P)

The Spanish considered the what colony a major religious, political, and commercial threat to Spain's control of the Americas resulting in Pedro Menendez de Aviles given jurisdiction to establish cities in Florida and oust the French Protestants

Treaty of Westphalia (P/S)

The Thirty Years' War between Catholics and Protestants in Central Europe in 1648 was ended provided that, in each nation of the treaty, the ruler would decide the faith of the people and foreign armies would no longer intervene in the religious affairs of another state in what treaty?

Aztecs (S/I)

The Toltecs were conquered, their capital was destroyed, and a new, grander capital was built (using Toltecs designs) by what group?

Protestant Reformation (S)

The actions of Martin Luther led to a religious split first in Germany and then across Europe which was known as the what?

Robert C. Weaver (P)

The adviser of the Department of the Interior of the Roosevelt administration would become the first African-American in the cabinet in the 1960s and his name was what?

38th (A/G)

The allies divided the military occupation of Korea by having the Soviet Union control the northern side and the US control the southern side of what parallel?

Black Death (A)

The bubonic plague that arrived in 1348 on rats carried by ships trading in the Black Sea was called what?

1937 (P)

The change in the Hughes and Robert votes were dubbed "the switch in time that saved nine" and,although no new justices were added, the the Supreme court stopped declaring the New Deal unconstitutional after what year?

1400 (S/G)

The change in weather in the mid-1300s, the change in weather drastically reduced the supply of food from outlying hamlets on which the large cities depended and, whatever all the reasons, by what year Cahokia was abandoned

social class (A/S)

The church taught that seeking wealth (especially charging interest for loans) was sinful and the people were encouraged to stay where they were in the community and in the what they were born in (weather they were peasants or nobles) ?

Great Depression (E/S/A)

The crash of the American stock market was one of many economic catastrophes worldwide which led to this economically terrible era

Atomic Bomb/Hydrogen Bomb (A/P)

The creation of what two weapons caused an arms race and forced the United States to adapt and escalate with even more destructive means in the late 1940s and early 1950s?

Constantinople (A/E)

The crossroads of the trade routes between Europe and Asia (and was considered the equivalent of Rome as both a religious and political center) and was what city conquered by the Ottoman Turks

Southwest (M/S/I)

The descendants of the Anasazi that left Chaco Canyon created small farming communities across what region of the US?

Peace Pledge Union (A/P)

The desire for peace was very strong in Britain; in 1933 students at Oxford University voted that the people wouldn't fight for the king or country and in 1935 several thousand young people in Britain joined what Union that opposed any British military planning?

Japan (A)

The expanded territory of this country in Manchuria was renamed as the province of Manchukuo-with a half a million of the invading country's citizens moving into the territory to farm and govern the subjected Chinese population- by this country who overtook it

Battle of the Running Bulls (P)

The fight which erupted at the Flint Sit-Down strike with police using tear gas and strikers throwing objects was called what by the United Auto Workers union?

Prince Henry (P)

The first and in many ways the most adventurous European to seek a new way of connecting with Asia was who of Portugal (who lived from 1394 to 1460)?

Florida (G)

The first of many contacts between native people and travelers from Europe and Africa in the modern states of the US were made in what state?

Roanoke (G/A)

The fist of Walter Raleigh's mission in 1584 was a reconnaissance trip to identify potential sites and they discovered what island where they were received warmly by the Algonquian people

Anasazi (M/S)

The founders of the Acoma Pueblo May have descended from this group after they disappeared from history

copper rattle (G/S/A)

The four Texas explorers found great interest as they told their story in Mexico city and in their 8 years living with American Indians they heard stories of seven wealthy and powerful cities-with building of four or five stories with copper, silver, and gold everywhere- up river of the Rio Grande which was further validated by a Spanish legend and when the Texas survivors showed the what they had been given it only added to the allure

Indian Reorganization Act (P)

The government recognized the legal rights of Indian tribes- including right to hold reservation lands- under this 1934 act

Nicolás de Ovando

The governor of Hispaniola (started being in charge in 1502), set a pattern- he brought Spanish settlement, responded to a rebellion in Higuey by capturing 600-700 Indians and knifing them to death, attacked the Tainos ruthlessly, and in 1503 he ordered a meeting with local Indian chiefs and burned them down-this governor was named what?

Aztec (G/S)

The great city of Tenochtitlán that had a population of 200,000 (as large or larger than any city in Africa or Europe during the mid-1400s ) was the city of what tribe

Boat (M)

The human immigration after the disappearance of the Bering Land Bridge, under the current Bering sea, which explains the rapid expansion of human communities from Alaska to the tip of South America and was done via what vehicle?

Great Depression (E/S)

The impact of the stock market crash (which had a world-wide effect), a continuing farmer depression, and rapid decline in industrial production lead to this nationally paralyzing period

unified (A/S)

The initial European encounter with the Americas was led by representatives of a religiously what Europe?

Columbian Exchange (A)

The interchange of diseases, plants, animals, and human cultures between New and Old Worlds after 1492, was called the what?

Cabrillo (G/A)

The leader of this expedition died of an injury while trying to rescue some of his men from an attack and the expedition returned to Mexico without finding China nor gold

Mayan (G)

The modern Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico as well as much of Honduras, Belize, and Guatemala were once dominated by what empire?

disease (A)

The most devastating thing that Columbus and his successors did was unintentional and it was bringing what to the Americas ?

Creeks/Choctaws/Chickasaws (I/S/M)

The most direct descendants of the Cahokia became later known as the people of what 3 tribes

Inca (S/P)

The mountain fortress and religious center of Machu Picchu was an important component of what empire?

Seven Cities of Cibola (S)

The name given by early Spanish explorers to a number of Native American pueblos (where they thought was great wealth) was what?

conquistadores (S)

The name given to the early Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru was what?

1932 (E)

The nation's banking system started to collapse, as banks that had invested in stocks or offered mortgage loans on property that became worthless, and failed in the winter that started in what year?

Oñate (S)

The new governor of New Mexico was given instructions not to follow harsh policies (although Spanish didn't approve of the tactics they didn't have a problem with the results) and he led an expedition and his name was Don Juan de what?

Mayan (S/I)

The only American culture to develop a fully functional written language was what empire?

Columbia University (P)

The original core group of the "Brain Trust" were all professors at what same school?

Brain Trust (P/E)

The original core group-Raymond Moley (political scientist), Rexford Tugwell (economist), and Adolf Berle (legal financial expert)-of this group of advisers were called what by Roosevelt?

1929 (E/P)

The outgoing president Calvin Coolidge reported the economy as absolutely sound and prosperous while Hoover was extremely worried but didn't voice his thoughts (since it might cause people to lose confidence in him) in the spring of what year?

Mound Builders (S/M)

The people later known as the Creeks, Choctaws, and Chickasaws settled on the eastern side of the Mississippi River and the southern Appalachian Mountains and they were the most direct descendants of what people?

Southwest (G/S)

The people of what geographical area of the US wore kachinas in their rituals?

Bering Land Bridge (M/G)

The people who came to the Americas via land, following mammals including mammoths, are thought to have come over what geological feature?

Aztecs (S)

The people who ruled central Mexico, known as the Toltecs, looked down on what tribe as barbarians when they arrived (this tribe also conquered them)?

Reconquista (P)

The political, cultural, and religious unification of Spain was known as the what?

trade (S/E)

The presence of sea shells in Native American communities a thousand miles from the ocean and copper implements hundreds of miles from the nearest copper mine attests to the what in goods that was rich and varied by the 1400s?

Truman Doctrine (A/P)

The response where President Truman stated the United State's position in supporting free people from the pressure of Communism was called the what?

October/1929 (E)

The value of shares sold on the NY Stock exchange, known as Wall Street, collapsed in what year and month?

Spain (A/P)

The viceroyalty of Peru's primary purpose was to supply gold and silver to finance what country's ambitions?

Northwest Indian War (P)

The war between the Confederacy of Indians and White settlers from 1785-1795; fighting along was U.S. army

Horse (A/S)

The way many American Indians lived were changed by what specific animal ?

1931 (E)

The wheat harvest in the fall of this year was the most bountiful but prices were so low farmers lost money on every bushel of wheat produced

Works Progress Administration (P)

Theaters, roads, public buildings, sometimes planned communities, forests, and new parks were created by workers employed by this agency changed the face of the countryside

Florida (S/G)

There was also intermarriage and more casual sexual encounters among Europeans, Native Americans, and africans in what modern state controlled by Spain at the time

Mayan (S/E)

There was an extensive agricultural system that produced food and also cotton (which was a source of trade and wealth) in what former empire?

Coronado (S/A)

There was little further exploration of New Mexico for over half a century after what expedition to explore the North American Southwest returned to Mexico City in 1542?

California (S/G)

There wasn't settled agriculture because the wild foods were so abundant and settled agriculture offered little improvement to diet or way of life in this state

Student protesters, folk singers, and new literature (S)

There were three cultural signs that the 60's would be very different from the 50's- what were they?

Suburbia (M)

These new types of communities excluded African-Americans, Latinos, Asians, Gays, and Lesbians

Home Owners Loan Corporation/Farm Credit Administration (P/E)

These two organizations created in 1933 provided home and farm loans to refinance mortgages

Franklin Roosevelt (P)

This 1936 presidential candidate had a great political base due to his attack on business leaders (although he didn't really do much) , his support for the Social Security Act, and his support for the Wagner Act

Fair Labor Standards Act (E/P)

This 1938 act ensured minimum wage and maximum hours

Pueblo Bonito (G/S)

This Anasazi building with 800 rooms that could've housed 2,000 people was the largest apartment building in North America until the 1880s

Algonquian (S)

This Atlantic Coast group of tribes lived in permanent towns and villages and were some of the first to encounter Europeans

Adolph Hitler (A/P)

This German political leader promised that a greatly expanded German nation would provide Lebensraum (living space) for the people of Germany by pushing out others, slavs and Jews, to make room for the "master race"

National Youth Administration (E/P)

This branch of the WPA created in 1935, provided jobs and support to students

Germany (A/E/P)

This country had a horrible decade in the 1920s with hyperinflation between 1921 and 1924, shifting government coalitions, $33 billion in reparations, and then the worldwide depression where this country's economy collapsed

Mary McLeod Bethune (P)

This famous black cabinet member became the president of the National Association of Colored Women in the 1920s and was the head of a school for girls in Daytona, Florida, that would become Bethune-Cookman College

American Liberty League (P)

This group launched in 1934 at NY, by Pierre du Pont, Irenee du Pont, and Lammot du Pont, and included Al Smith was the largest and most well funded group opposing the New Deal and it was named what?

American Liberty League (P)

This group, which included John K. Raskob, John W. Davis, Alfred P. Sloan, and Sewell Avery, was opposed to the New Deal claiming it was socialist and the government was being handed over to "dreamy professors and bleeding-heart social workers"

Chaco Canyon (G/S)

This large city was built of mud and adobe with building as high as five stories and more than a dozen pueblos in an area measuring 8 by 2 miles and was built by the Anasazi

Charles Coughlin (A/P)

This long time opponent of the New Deal began calling it the "Jew-Deal" and found Nazism appealing as did his and Lindbergh's significant following

Franklin Roosevelt (P)

This man broke precedent and flew to the Democratic National Convention in Chicago on July 2nd, 1932, to accept his nomination in person

Federal Emergency Relief Administration (E/P)

This organization created in 1933, provided funds for state and local relief agencies

Federal Housing Administration (E/P)

This organization created in 1934, provided home loans

Securities and Exchange Commission (E/P)

This organization created in 1934, regulated the stock market

Social Security Administration (E/P)

This organization created in 1935, supported retirement pensions through payroll tax

Associated Farmers of California (P/E)

This organization founded in 1934 had resources and power far beyond anything California Farm hands had making it hard for them to strike

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (E/P)

This organization was a failure as it never invested enough to save all the banks that need saving

Works Progress Administration (P/E)

This organization's role was to move people from emergency relief (AKA dole or unemployment money) to temporary, gov supported jobs and to make the gov the employer of last resort

National Recovery Administration (P/E)

This organization-which was responsible for "We Do Our Part" signs in store windows across the nation- was later declared unconstitutional

Franklin Roosevelt (P)

This president could not walk without help due to being paralyzed by polio in the early 1920s (which only a few Americans knew)

Herbert Hoover (P/E)

This president was blamed no matter what he did and people lost confidence in him after the situation got worse despite attempts since he was the one who was president during the beginning of the Depression

Indian New Deal (P/S)

This series of policy changes (including the 1934 Indian Reorganization Act) transformed the US government's Indian policy, strengthened Indian tribal governments, and gave Indians more rights

Hohokam (S/P/I)

This tribe's communities existed for hundreds of years with the high point of their civilization estimated to be between 1150 and 1450 but it slowly declined like the Anasazi

Babson Break (E)

Though most economists thought he was wrong, Roger Babson made a speech warning about the current economic prosperity crashing causing a one day drop in stock prices in 1929 which is called what?

Glass-Steagall Act (P)

Three months after the Emergency Banking Act, Congress passed this Act to replace it

Hohokam (S/E/G)

Through developing an extensive agriculture system using canals to irrigate crops including cotton, tobacco, corn, beans, and squash this group in southwestern America reached its height around 1150 to 1450

Civilian Conservation Corps (E/P)

Through employing hundreds of thousands of young men to plant forests, prune trees, build parks, and shore up the nation's wild lands, the probably most popular New Deal organization tried to spur the economy and was named what?

Franklin Roosevelt (P)

Through radio and press conferences, this president was able to convey his opinions and magnetic, optimistic personality

Japan (A/P/E)

Through the late 1930s and into 1940 and 1941, Roosevelt and his cabinet feared American isolationist and that if the US were to cut off oil shipments-they did eventually cut metal shipment- to what country they would face their wrath

Chaco Canyon (G/E)

Through this city's roads, that allowed trade to develop in many directions, Turquoise and other valuable goods were traded perhaps as far as central Mexico from what major Anasazi community?

half (E)

Throughout the boom of the 1920s perhaps how much of Americans- especially farmers, farm workers, sharecroppers, natives on reservations, factory workers, widows, and the elderly-were living on the edge of poverty

Corn (or maize)/Beans/Squash/Chilies (E/S)

To feed a settled and urbanized community the Anasazi cultivated what four major crops

Christopher Columbus (A)

To impress the Spanish court, what explorer exaggerated what he found, especially the gold, Isabella and Ferdinand gave him seventeen ships and 1,200 men for a second voyage to seek slaves and gold in supposed part of Asia

Nye Committee

To investigate why the US became involved in WWI, South Dakota Senator

Harry Hopkins (P)

To lead the Works progress Administration, FDR appointed a former settlement house worker who was one of his closest adviser and he was named what?

Herbert Hoover (P/E)

To stimulate the economy this president cut taxes and supported federal public works such as construction of dams, bridges, and hospitals in the early 1930s

Maya (S/G)

To the east and southeast of the Aztec Empire was the once great empire of what?

Songhay (P)

To the east of Mali, another empire grew stronger and captured Timbuktu in 1458 just as the Portuguese were exploring the African coast; this empire was what?

tribes (S)

To understand Indian responses to the arrival of the Europeans, it is essential to understand that no Indians thought of themselves as being American Indians or Native Americans and instead thought of themselves as individual whats?

Ghana (E/P)

Trade and mastery of metalworking to make weapons and tools was what the power of what kingdom was based on?

Islam (S/E)

Trade was never entirely interrupted between southern Europe and parts of Africa south of the Sahara Desert even when Arab armies conquered North Africa in the 600s and what replaced Christianity as the dominant religion there?

North America/South America (M)

Transportation via walking over formerly dry land from Russian Siberia to Alaska (to follow animal prey) or small boats hugging (to follow fish) the continents was how it is believed the early people came to what current continents?

1936 (S/P)

Two years after the Indian Reorganization Act, Congress extended the same rights to native Alaskans in what year?

NATO (A/P)

U.S. Senate ratified what agreement in July 1949 which considers one attack on an included country an attack on everyone.

Works Progress Administration (P/E)

Under Hopkins' leadership, this agency provided gov-funded jobs between 1935 and 1942 for 8.5 million Americans at a cost of $11 billion

Songhay (P/S)

Understanding religious divisions of his land- urban inhabitants who controlled trade were mostly Muslim and most people in the countryside held to traditional beliefs and were the source of great agricultural wealth- Sunni Ali (although him himself was Muslim) respected both groups with respect and brought stability and prosperity to what kingdom which he became king of in 1464?

Asia (A)

Unlike Columbus, Vespucci was convinced that Europeans had reached a new continent rather than what continent?

Wheat (E)

Unlike many farmers who faced troubles in the 1920s, certain farmers of Oklahoma, Kansas, and the Texas panhandle prospered since when prices fell they were able to just plow more land and plant more of what crops?

Spain (P/A)

Unlike some other parts of Europe, a dramatic new unity in the late 1400s was achieved by what country which would be a powerful force in the Americas?

Roanoke (P)

Virginia Dare who was born and baptized in America became the first English child known to be born in the modern US, she was born in what failed colony?

Eleanor Roosevelt (P)

Visiting desperate people and audiences around the country and then bringing the problem's to the white House led to this first lady being known as the eyes and ears of the administration

Abraham Lincoln Brigade (A/P)

Volunteers that joined an ill-trained, ill-equipped, yet courageous force that fought against the Fascists in the Spain civil war named themselves what?

jobs (E/P)

WPA initiatives also provided an opportunity for Democrats and sometimes also Republicans to win political favors by handing out what to political supporters?

Georgia (M)

Wear was the last English colony?

Dr. Francis Townsend

What 66-year-old Californian proposed the idea (which spread like wildfire) of a federal pension of $200 per month to any person over 60 who would retire

The Immigration Act of 1965 (P)

What Act abolished the old immigration quotas for specific countries and established priorities for education and skills rather than national origin?

The Voting Rights Act (P)

What Act gave the US Department of Justice the right to intervene in any county where 50% or fewer of eligible voters were registered?

British army General James Wolfe defeated French Marquis de Montcalm capturing Quebec (P)

What British victory ended French control of all of Canada?

Engel v. Vitale (P)

What Supreme Court case determined that schools could not start the day with a prayer?

Battle of Saratoga (P/A)

What battle, which did not have a decisive victory, proved to France and Spain that the Americans could stand up to British's toughest troops?

Book of Common Prayer

What book preserved many Catholic rituals within a Protestant theology in order to keep the religious groups of England keep from fighting each other

Tet Offensive (A)

What caused Johnson's popularity to rapidly decline in 1968?

The farmers wanted to attack the federal arsenal in Springfield but miss-communicated the date/1778 the economy began to recover (E/S/P)

What caused Shay's Rebellion to slowly end?

GI Bill (P)

What caused college enrollments to reach a historic height and continue to grow from 1947 on?

Lord Dunmore announced slaves would be free if they fought for the British army (E/M)

What caused many slaves to runway and take refuge on the British side?

Martin Luther King Jr's assassination (S)

What caused violent riots all over urban America in 1968?

Glorious Revolution of 1689

What changed the balance of powers in England's government?

Harvard (S)

What college did the Puritans found?

Roanoke (A)

What colony was named the "lost colony" after it was abandoned leaving nobody to know what happened to the inhabitants

He would support the location of the nation's capitol further south (G/S/E)

What compromise did Hamilton agree with Jefferson and Madison to get his economic plan approved?

Asia (P)

What continent was much more unified than elsewhere and most people were in contact with one another and enriched each one another's culture

Massachusetts Bay Colony (M)

What corporations did the Puritans use for resources?

Britain (A/M)

What country allowed modest immigration but resolutely opposed further expansion of the Jewish population of Palestine (then governed by it under a League of Nations mandate)

He set out a series of grand tours in the U.S. (I/S)

What did George Washington do to consolidate support for the new government?

Issued a proclamation on October 1763 that there should be no settlement beyond the Appalachian Mountains/Proclamation Line (M/G)

What did King George 3 do to ensure peace in North America?

Formed Militias/Joined British Regiments/Exiled by American soldiers/Left for Canadia and England (S/I)

What did Loyalists did in the time of the war?

Department of Defense (P)

What did President Truman create in 1947 by merging the War and Navy Departments increasing military strength?

Berlin Airlift (A)

What did President Trump create to support Western Berlin through sending supplies?

Monarchy was always a bad way for people to be governed/It was the time to declare independence (I/S)

What did Thomas Paine's Common Sense discuss?

Regulator Movement (I/S)

What did farmers in the western regions of North and South Carolina create due to less representation?

Sons of Neptune (I/S)

What did the "lower sort" angry, poor citizens call themselves who protested in colonial cities? They would often ransacked British officials, burned effigies of the tax collectors, and mocked the British.

Ceded all the lands between the new United States without consulting/the Proclamation line was no longer recognized/ (A/M/G)

What did the British agree in the Treat of Paris that hurt the Indians?

Mayflower Compact (P)

What did the Pilgrims write that acted as a basis of the colony's government?

Declared Independence/Adopted the Articles of Confederation/Conducted the Revolutionary War (A/P/E/I/S)

What did the Second Continental Congress accomplish?

Ninety-Five Theses (S)

What document with 95 debating points that a young monk, Martin Luther, hoped would lead to a series of reforms within the Catholic Church

Joseph McCarthy (P/I)

What elected Senator caused a fearful conspiracy of a communist infiltrated government in 1950

Bacon's Rebellion (P)

What event was a major turning point in the history of slavery in Virginia?

Cabrillo (A/P)

What explorer commissioned by Spain had come to New Spain as a young man and amassed a fortune which he was prepared to use for his own expedition

Cabrillo (G/A)

What explorer's three ships left Navidad, Mexico, in June 1542, and by September had reached San Diego Bay in California where they exchanged gifts with friendly American Indians and reported seeing beautiful land

Religious (S)

What freedom promoted more Europeans to come to the British colonies because they did not have it at home?

France/Santo Domingo/Germany/Poland/Scandinavia, Italy/South American States (I/A/S)

What future revolutions did America inspire?

Huey P. Long

What governor then senator in 1930 attacked big corporations (especially standard Oil), attacked the rich, promised opportunities for the poor, he raised taxes on oil and gas production (when he was governor), built new buildings and infrastructure (hospitals, highways, etc), provided free textbooks, and grew very powerful leading some to call him a virtual dictator of his home state Louisiana

Puritans (M)

What group came to American after the Pilgrims?

Puritans (S)

What group sought refugee in Massachusetts after King Charles 1 was killed?

Quakers/Scot-Irish/German, Poor (S/I)

What groups in the "inland"" of the colonies had to deal with constant relations with Native Americans?

The presence of the French and Spanish in Easter North America. This caused British Indian relations to suffer. (I/P)

What had allowed before the end of the French and Indian War for the Indian tribes such as the Cherokee and Creeks to bargain?

United Nations (A/I)

What international organization that promoted general security for the world made America one it's "Four Policemen". The U.S. Senate ratified it's charter on July 28 1945

Howell Hopson's International Harvester Cotton Picking Machine (E/S/S)

What invention led to another great migration of African-Americans beginning in 1944 to move to the industrial North because of the obsolete sharecropping.

French and Indian War (P)

What is the other name for the Seven Years War?

dole (E/P)

What is the word used to describe the policy (which FDR and his "Brain Trust" disliked) of benefit to the unemployed paid by the government

Tobacco (E)

What led to slavery coming to Maryland?

The Paxton Boys attacking Indian villages (I/S)

What movement and response supported Americans viewing the American Indians as the enemy race?

Committee on Equal Employment Opportunities (P)

What new committee headed by Vice President Johnson looked into discrimination in hiring?

The Other America (S)

What novel is credited with launching the Kennedy-Johnson era War on Poverty?

Spanish (M)

What people decided to leave America alone and instead went to Mexico, Central, South America, and the Caribbean because there was gold?

90% (E)

What percent of British residents in North America lived in farms in the mid-1700s?

Abolished in Massachusetts/ Abolished in New Hampshire/Abolished in Vermont/New York had most slaves in the North/Strong in North Carolina/Strong in South Carolina/Pennsylvania gradual emancipation/Connecticut gradual emancipation/New Jersey gradual emancipation/Rhode Island gradual emancipation/New York eventual gradual emancipation (G/E/I/S)

What places was slavery prominent and practiced?

Albany Plan of Union (P)

What plan called for an intercolonial union to manage defense and Indian affairs?

Tobacco (G)

What plant did Europeans gain from visiting North America?

Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party- MFDP (P)

What political group provided the most serious challenge to Johnson's nomination?

Republicans (P)

What political party took control of both houses of Congress in 1946

Camelot (S)

What popular Broadway play based on medieval glory was Kennedy's glamour often compared to?

Quakers (S)

What religion gave women equal rights as men and were pacifists?

Protestant (S)

What religion were most of the English colonies?

Catholic (S)

What religion were most of the French colonies?

United Electrical Workers Union/American Federation of Labor/Urban League/Congress of Racial Equality/National Association of Advancements of Colored People (NAACP)( E/S)

What six notable labor unions purged communist members?

Freezers/dishwashers/Automatic Transmission/Ballpoint Pens/Electric Trains (E/S)

What six significant technologies were introduced to consumers in the early to mid 20th century?

Connecticut Plan/The Great Compromise (P/I)

What state and other name was this plan proposed for creating a bicameral legislature in which all states would be equally represented in the Senate and proportionally represented in the House?

Spain ceded Florida to Britain/France was no longer a world power in North America/France ceded Canada and East of the Mississippi River to Britain/France ceded lands west of the Mississippi River and New Orleans to Spain (P/S/M)

What territories did the world powers exchange at the end of the French and Indian War?

Change, protest, and disengagement (S)

What themes were very common in music and film?

England/ France/Spain (M)

What three countries starting in the late 1500s started developing an interest in North America?

Iroquois (P)

What tribe decided to keep clear of British-French tensions?

Federalists/Anti-Federalists/Democratic-Republicans (P/E/S/I)

What two hostile political parties were created on the split on economic policy?

Indentured Servants/Impoverished Transients/Prisoners (I/S)

What type of soldiers replaced the early volunteers in the war?

Vietnam War (S)

What war divided Americans just as much as the Civil War?

The federal government needed to assume all of the Revolutionary War debt, state and federal/establish a tax policy to guarantee pay back (E/A)

What was Alexander Hamilton's solution to the U.S.'s crippling debt?

Mercantilism (E)

What was Europe's economic system until 1776?

fighting a defensive war/avoiding a decisive loss, retreat/rather than risking capture or surrender (E/P)

What was George Washington's strategy in winning the war?

Williamsburg (P)

What was Virginia's capital after Jamestown?

Separation of Powers (P/I)

What was a core aspect of the Constitution that by which different parts of the new national government would have their authority always limited by other parts?

Other foreign powers would not take the U.S. seriously and not invest (E/I)

What was a major concern for America's inability to pay its debt?

They practiced slavery (I/S)

What was a major contradiction for patriots fighting for freedom faced by critiques?

Slavery (I/E)

What was a major issue left of the Constitution purposely?

Charleston, South Carolina (P/E)

What was a major loss on May 12, 1780 after the British captured Savannah Georgia in 1778?

Peace Corps (S)

What was a program launched by the Kennedy administration to recruit young Americans to spend 2 years abroad as volunteers working on education and development projects?

Judge their ministers which supported challenging authority (S)

What was a responsibility in the Great Awakening that the church members had in light of the British and Colonial America tensions?

Operation Mongoose (P)

What was a secret CIA program that was meant to destabilize the Castro regime, but failed?

Impressment (I/S)

What was a source of tensions in colonial ports which fueled riots and created conflict in the waterfront?

Birth (S)

What was an important social occasion for women in the mid-1700s?

Stone Rebellion (P)

What was an uprising in 1739 of South Californian slaves against whites because Spain offered them freedom if they reached Florida?

International Bank for Reconstruction Development (World Bank) (A/E)

What was created by the Bretton Woods delegates for stabilizing the economy in other countries besides the U.S.,Great Britain, and Soviet Union (Motherland)

Boston Massacre (I/S)

What was event on March 5, 1770 involving the murder of three men which the patriots considered an example of the tyrannic British?

The stalled civil rights bill (P)

What was first on Johnson's presidential agenda to mourn JFK?

13 Colonies/Large Indian Reserve Promised to allied tribes/Former French colonies in Canada/Former Spanish colonies in Florida (G)

What was included in the huge expansion of territory claimed by the British at the war's end in 1763?

First Continental Congress (P/A)

What was meeting of delegates, from all of the colonies except Georgia, held in Philadelphia that wanted to respond to British taxes?

Salem Witch Trials (S)

What was one of the last times people were executed for explicitly religious reasons in North America?

Sugar (E)

What was planted on the island colonies?

Bank of the United States

What was proposed by Alexander Hamilton as the basis of his economic plan.

Baby Boomers (I/S)

What was term for the new generation, and massive growth in population after WWII?

Act of Union (P)

What was the 1707 vote that formally united Scotland and England into Great Britain?

Treaty of Fort Stanwix (P/I/G)

What was the 1784 treaty between one faction of the Iroquois and the U.S. government that sought to end the violent battles over land in New York, Pennsylvania, and the Ohio River to the West

Bay of Pigs (P)

What was the 1961 invasion of Cuba by anti-Castro rebels that was quickly defeated, much to Kennedy's embarrassment?

The House Committee on Un-American Activities (P/I)

What was the Congressional committee that used fear of communism to accomplish its political agendas?

It politically divided the nation, Federalists later against it, and Democratic-Republicans supporting it (I/S)

What was the French Revolution effect in America?

GI Bill of Rights (S)

What was the Legislation in June 1944 that eased the return of veterans into American society by providing educational and employment benefits?

It ensured the inviolable right of private property (S/I/P)

What was the argument for defending slavery in the constitution?

Great Swamp Fight of December 1675 (S)

What was the bloodiest battle of King Phillip's War?

Glorious Revolution (P)

What was the bloodless revolt that occurred in England when William and Mary assumes the throne in 1688?

Iron Curtain (A/S)

What was the coined term that symbolized the division of Europe and the Cold War

Capitalism (E)

What was the colonies' economic system called?

Three-Fifths Clause (I/P)

What was the compromise from the Constitutional Convention which slaves would be counted for state representation?

Annapolis Convention (P/I)

What was the conference of state delegates that issued a call in September 1786 for a convention to consider changes to the Articles of Confederation?

Citizen Genêt Affair (I/A/S)

What was the controversy over the French representative who tried to involve the United States in France's war against Great Britain

XYZ Affair (A/P/I/E)

What was the controversy when Americans were supposed to be meeting French foreign minister, Talleyrand, but instead they were sent 3 officials Adams called "X,Y, and Z" that demanded $250,000 as a bribe to see Talleyrand, the French foreign minister in 1798?

Republican Motherhood (I/S)

What was the expectation that women would instill Republican values in children and be active in families? This helped increase education for women.

Battle of Trenten (P)

What was the famous victory on Christmas night of 1776?

Ladies Association (I)

What was the first intercolonial organization of women in America?

Virginia Plan (P/I)

What was the first proposal put forward at the Constitutional convention, which included two housed of Congress, both elected by proportional representation, and national executive and judiciary?

Maryland (P)

What was the first proprietary colony and one to have laws governing slavery?

Republicanism (I/S)

What was the growing idea that the patriots justified armed resistance, overthrow an unjust government, and inspired by John Locke's "Rights of Man"?

The Middle Passage (M)

What was the horrendous voyage called where slaves were sent to the Americas?

Levittown (I/S)

What was the largest private housing project in American history that offered a safe and modern for many Americans in the suburbs which many followed the example of?

Northwest Ordinance (G/E/M)

What was the law passed by Congress in 1787 that specified how western lands would be governed, provided land for public schools, sale of government land, and prohibited slavery

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (P)

What was the legislation passed by Congress in 1964 that allowed the US to use force to protect US interests in Vietnam?

The Age of Enlightenment (S)

What was the major intellectual movement that led to many advances in science and human reason?

Yorktown, New York (P/E)

What was the major victory for Patriots with support with French troops on October 17, 1781

Constitutional Convention (P/I)

What was the meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution called?

Warsaw Pact (A)

What was the military alliance in eastern Europe specifically designed to counter NATO led by the U.S.S.R.?

The Great Society (P)

What was the name Johnson gave to his far-reaching domestic program?

King Phillip's War in Massachusetts (P)

What was the name of one of the most vicious wars ever fought in North America?

New Frontier (P)

What was the name of the domestic programs of the Kennedy administration?

Articles of Confederation (P/E/S)

What was the national weak government that was created in 1777?

Federal Mint (P/E)

What was the non-controversial proposal by Hamilton after the First Bank was authorized?

Sons of Liberty (S/I)

What was the organization created in 1765 dedicated to taking direct action against British measures?

Daughters of Liberty (E/S)

What was the organization that supported the boycott of British goods. They urged Americans to wear homemade fabrics and produce other goods that were previously available only from Britain. They believed that way, the American colonies would become economically independent?

Triangle trade (E)

What was the pattern of trade from Africa to the West Indies to North America called?

The Newburgh Conspiracy (I/P)

What was the plot hatched in 1783 by officers in the Continental Army to oust Congress in a coup and set up a military dictatorship?

Containment (P/A)

What was the policy that George Kennan suggested acknowledging Soviet Communism but taking steps to not spreading the globe.

International Monetary Fund (A/E)

What was the postwar economic system that maintained exchanged rates between different currencies so people people could buy and sell in different countries without fear that values would fluctuate widely?

Marshall Plan (A/P)

What was the program created in 1949 to provide U.S. assistance towards Europe (which was in reality meant to stop Soviet Influence).

Bacon's Rebellion (S)

What was the rebellion in Virginia where immigrants attacked Indian villages and the royal governor?

Shay's Rebellion (I/E/G)

What was the rebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need for a strong national government just as the call for the Constitutional Convention went out?

Warren Report (P)

What was the report that the Supreme Court Chief Justice headed the committee on that declared Oswald the only one involved in the assassination of JFK?

Boston Tea Party/Dartmouth was the boat (I/S)

What was the result of the Tea Act of 1773 and the colonists refusing the purchase the discounted tea?

Quebec Act of 1774 (P/M)

What was the result of the frontier resistance assigning all lands north and west of the Ohio river to the British-controlled Province of Quebec?

Pueblo Revolt (P)

What was the revolt in 1680 that concerned religious freedom and overworking of the Pueblo Indians called?

First Great Awakening

What was the significant religious revival in the 1730s?

Franklin/Republic of Franklin (S/I)

What was the state, what is now Tennessee, John Sevier wanted to create between 1785 and 1788?

Federalism (P/I)

What was the system of government in which power is clearly divided between state governments and the national government?

Cuban missile crisis (P)

What was the tense stand-off between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1962 when each country stood on the brink of a nuclear war over the placement of Soviet missiles in Cuba?

Treaty of Greenville (P)

What was the treaty agreed to in 1795 in which Native Americans in the Northwest Territory were forced to cede most of the present states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin to the United States?

Pinckney's Treaty (P/A)

What was the treaty between America and Spain in 1795 which granted America practically all they demanded, including navigation of the Mississippian the territory north of Florida. Was a direct result of Jay's Treaty due to France's fear of an Anglo-American alliance.

Jay's Treaty (P/A)

What was the treaty signed in 1794 between the U.S. And Britain in which Britain sought to improve trade relations and agreed to withdraw from forts in the northwest territory

Treaty of Paris (A/G/P/I/S)

What was the treaty that ended that war? Congress sent John Jay, Benjamin Franklin, and John Adams to negotiate.

Quasi War (P/E/G)

What was the undeclared war fought entirely at sea between the United States and France from 1798 to 1800? The French began to seize American ships trading with their British enemies and refused to receive a new United States minister when he arrived in Paris in December 1796.

War of Jenkins' Ear (P)

What was the war called when Spain claimed a right to search British ships in the Caribbean and contraband goods and Britain objected?

Whiskey Rebellion (I/S)

What was this rebellion called when in 1794, farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey, and several federal officers were killed in the riots caused by their attempts to serve arrest warrants on the offenders. In October, 1794, the army, led by Washington, put down the rebellion. The incident showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem, in contrast to the inability of the government under the Articles of Confederation to deal with Shay's Rebellion.

Thomas Jefferson and John Adams tied the amount of electoral votes (P)

What was unique about the election of 1800?

Praying Indians (S)

What were Indians who converted to Christianity called?

Congress could not tax or prohibit the slave trade/Fugitive Slave clause (P/I/S)

What were concessions towards slavery?

Government could not afford an army sufficient to protect the frontier/London merchants owed larges sums from the Americans/no official currency since private banks printed a variety of paper notes/inflation (E/A)

What were financial problems caused by the United States not able to pay them?

Sugar Act 1764/Currency Act 1764/Stamp Act 1765/Townshend Duties 1767/Tea Act 1773 (E/S/P)

What were names of the taxes that the British were imposing which angered colonists?

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions (P/I/G)

What were political statements drafted in 1798 and 1799, in which the Kentucky and Virginia legislatures took the position that the federal Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional?

Constitution gave more power to the federal government than people expected/Lack of Bill of Rights/Three-Fifths Clause gave too much power to slave holding states/Power to raise armies was close to military establishment (P)

What were reasons delegates would not sign the Constitution?

all 13 states needed to agree to levy any taxes/9 states had to agree to pass a law/Important decisions in governing America rested with the state governments/Economic rivalry between states (E/P)

What were several weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

Ottawa/Chippewa/Pottawatomi/Wyandot (I/P)

What were some of the tribes that Pontiac met with for his rebellion?

John Adams as president/Thomas Jefferson as Vice President (P)

What were the 1796 Presidential Election results?

Lexingtion and Concord (P/A/G)

What were the first battles of the American Revolution

Pennsylvania/New York/Connecticut/Massachusetts/Ohio/Indiana/Illinois/Michigan/Wisconsin (M/G)

What were the lands claimed by for the Northwest Territory and what would they later become?

The Fair Deal P

What were the new policies to expand the New Deal Called

Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts/General Thomas Gage was ordered to move troops in Massachusetts/Paul Revere led an informal group of unemployed artisans who noted every troop movement in Boston (P)

What were the preparations for the first battle of the Revolution?

New York Stamp Riot (I/S)

What were the public protests called in New York when merchants and Sons of Liberty agreed not to import any British goods while the Stamp Act was in force?

Alien and Sedition Acts (I/P/E)

What were the series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants called?

Bad water/drought (G)

What were the two huge problems with Jamestown?

Democracy (I)

What would be the new form of government that the U.S. would follow?

1692 (S)

What year did the Salem Witch Trials begin?

1621 (S)

What year did the first Thanksgiving occur?

1754 (P)

What year was the Albany Plan of Union created?

1729 (G)

What year was the split between North and South Carolina finalized?

Americas (P)

When Europeans arrived in the Americas, the population was probably 50 to 70 million, perhaps as high as 100 million, where ?

New Deal (P)

When Franklin Roosevelt broke precedent and flew to the Democratic National Convention in Chicago he promised what plan which his administration would be known for

3 (S)

When Henry VIII died in 1547, England had how many religious groups?

Anglicans (S/P)

When Henry VIII died, one major religious group were perhaps a majority and supported Henry's arrangement (independence from the pope and preserving Catholic religious reforms) and they were called the whats?

Stimson Doctrine (A/P)

When Japan attacked Manchuria in 1931, President Hoover's Secretary of State-Henry L. Stimson-proclaimed that the US would never officially recognize the new regime in Manchukuo or any other arrangement imposed on China by force in what doctrine (which the US wouldn't really do anything to enforce)

Burton Wheeler (P)

When Roosevelt attempted to pass the "court-packing plan", "court -packing Bill", or Judicial Procedures Reform Bill (All the same thing) in 1937, an old progressive Montana senator -that usually sided with FDR-led the opposition before it could even be attacked by his enemies and this senator's name was?

Brain Trust (P)

When Roosevelt came to office in 1933 this group of advisers guided much of his policy

Spanish Armada (P)

When Spain attacked England in July 1588, their navy was defeated by the English navy and destroyed by storms; their navy was called the what?

Pueblo (S)

When Spanish were exploring and came across the what tribes, they quickly found it was easier to encourage them to keep going rather than fight

Songhay (P/S)

When Sunni Ali died in 1492, his son and heir (Sunni Baru) rejected Islam but was overthrown and a new leader, Askia Muhammad (r. 1493-1528)-though he was a devout Muslim respected traditional customs-became the ruler of what kingdom?

Henry Knox led his men to move the guns from Fort Ticonderoga to Boston using sleds/March 1, 1776 (P/G)

When and how did the British evacuate Boston after the Battle of Bunker Hill?

1685 (P)

When did Massachusetts Bay Colony merge with Plymouth?

1607 (M)

When did the settlement of Jamestown, Virginia occur?

Christopher Columbus (A)

When he arrived back on Hispaniola in 1494, what explorer found that the native residents had killed the sailors he left behind in 1492 since they found out that they were planning on subjugating them

Henry VIII (P)

When he became king in 1509, what man was a good catholic at first (with the pope giving him the title "Defender of the Faith") but had major marriage problems which would shape the world basically

Extradition

When one state must return a criminal to another state

Oñate (P)

When the Jumano Indians also resisted this Spanish explorer, he hanged their chiefs and burned their village

1536 (A/P)

When the four explorers from the failed Narváez expedition finally reached Mexico City their story inspired further exploration-although the peaceful approach was not followed but instead motivated by riches- and they got there in what year?

Spain (A/P)

When the last Republican units were defeated at the beginning of 1939, President Franklin Roosevelt himself concluded that neutrality in what country had been a grave mistake?

Roanoke (A/P)

When the men landed most of their food were ruined, natives weren't happy to feed them (since they suspected them of trying to dominate them), causing a battle to break out in 1586 (with the chief, Wingina, being killed)and when Francis Drake returned later in the spring and he brought the survivors back to England from the failed first attempt of what English colony?

7 months (E/P)

When the stock market crashed, Herbert Hoover had been president for how long?

Buying on margin (E)

When the value of a stuck fell to the percentage a buyer had invested, usually 50 or 25 percent, the stock broker who arranged the loan would notify the owner that they had to pay off the loan or the stock would be taken over by the broker and sold to repay the loan in this system which made the stock market crash even worse

Salem (G)

Where did the Puritans found their first colony?

The Caribbean (G)

Where was much of the Seven Year War fought?

Rhodes Island (P)

Where was the first colony that separated church and state?

Battle of Bunker Hill (P/I)

Which battle was a British victory, had high casualties, and took place on Breed's Hill?

French/Ottawa/Delaware/Shawnee (A/P)

Which forces were in constant tension with the English and their Iroquois allies?

England/German Kingdom of Prussia/Austria/France/Spain/Saxony/Sweden/Russia (P)

Which global powers became involved in the French and Indian War?

France (A)

Which nation was the first to recognize the new nation?

Israel (G/M/A)

Which new state (that was recently established in May 1948) did Truman recognized in 1949

New Jersey (P/I)

Which state gave this proposal to the Constitutional Convention by which both houses of Congresses would be a elected by states, with equal size delegations for every state?

England, France, and Spain (P)

Which three countries fought in Queen Anne's War?

Mohawks (I)

Which tribe settled near Montreal and converted to Catholicism?

Joliet and Marquette (A)

Which two explorers "discovered" the Midwest?

Somerset Decision (S)

Which was the decision that basically ended slavery in England by Lord Chief Justice

Dr. Francis Townsend/Charles Coughlin/Huey P. Long (P)

While Communists and Socialists did not cause FDR to worry what three people did?

1937 (P)

While Congress defeated Roosevelt's plan to "pack" the Supreme court started shifting ground on New Deal initiatives and Chief Justice Charles Evan Hughes and Associate Justice Owen Roberts (who originally voted against the New Deal) changed their minds-on the minimum wage law first and then on the Wagner Labor Relations Act-in what year?

Soto (G/P)

While Coronado was roaming the Southwest, another Spanish adventurer, Hernando de what, was exploring even more of the future US

Spain (S)

While armies fought, people mingled, producing new ideas and creating scientific development causing the very divisions of what country to result in some of the richest cultural developments in Europe?

Francis Drake (P/G)

While confirming the contours of the Americas for England, what explorer/privateer's voyaged around the globe from 1577 to 1580 and became the first commander of such an expedition to survive

Aztecs (S/P)

While it was built by making strategic alliances with other tribes, by the mid-1400s what empire relied on their own large army and attacked former allies

Mexico city (G/A/P)

While others from the Narváez expedition may have lived out their lives among the American Indians of the coast, only four of them-three Spaniards (Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, Andres Dorantes, and Alonso del CAstillo Maldonado) and an African Muslim slave from North Africa (Esteban)-decided to literally walk back to where?

Communist Party (P)

While some said the New Deal was driving the country towards socialism, FDR was more worried about those who thought it wasn't socialistic enough, including what small (but influential) party which created unemployment councils, led rent strikes, and defended union members and civil rights workers

China (P)

While the Americas, Africa, and Europe were all divided into many small tribes, cities, and nation-states in the 1400s, what was united in a single empire and had been for more than 2,000 years

Treaty of Versailles (A/P)

While the German government was attacking its Jewish citizens, Hitler also began to build a new army after renouncing the clause calling for German disarmament in what international agreement?

traded (E/S)

While the people living in North and South America before 1492 were divided by significant language differences and great distances, they still knew quite a bit about each other and regularly what with far distance communities?

Spain (P)

While the rest of Europe remained Christian, much of what medieval country was in African Muslim hands for almost 800 years?

Johnathan Edwards (S)

Who became famous for leading large religious revivals in the 1730s?

Jacob Malik (A)

Who boycotted the UN (due to the security council recognizing the Nationalist Chinese government) which prevented the Soviet Union's veto in the security council to deal with Korea?

John Locke (S)

Who came up with the term "natural rights"?

Cotton Mather (S)

Who developed the first vaccination against smallpox in 1721?

Young white people (P)

Who did Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) represent?

Chicago's mayor Richard Daley (S)

Who enforced the police riot where Chicago police officers attacked and beat demonstrators at the 1968 Democratic Party convention?

Betty Friedan (S)

Who helped encourage the feminist movement with her novel The Feminine Mystique?

Loyalists/Between 1/3 to 1/5 of the total population/Thomas Hatchinson/William Franklin (I/S)

Who in America wanted to maintain ties to British? Examples?

Jane Jacobs (S)

Who influenced cities to move away from massive highways and sprawling suburbs to smaller, more neighborhood friendly options?

Governor Bradford (P)

Who led Plymouth for 37 years before his death?

Massachusetts Bay Puritans (E)

Who often traded with Indian tribes?

Rachel Carson (S)

Who published the novel Silent Spring and gave the preservation movement a new voice?

Southern Plantation owners/farmers/small-town merchants (P/I)

Who supported the Democratic-Republicans?

Bankers/Merchants/Engaged in seagoing trade in ports (P/I)

Who supported the Federalists?

General MacArthur

Who tried to get pass Truman for congressional support for a wider war in Korea (since they were suffering heavy losses when the Chinese intervened) which led this man to be fired by Joint Chiefs of Staff

Separatists (S)

Who wanted to form completely separate religious communities?

Henry Morgenthau (P)

Who was FDR's Treasury Secretary?

John Nance Garner (P)

Who was Roosevelt's running mate in the 1932 election?

John Peter Zenger (S)

Who was hired in 1733 to start the New York Weekly Journal?

John Winthrop (P)

Who was invited to be the governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Henry Truman (P)

Who was the Democrat candidate in the 1948 presidential election?

Thomas E. Dewey (P)

Who was the Republican candidate in the 1948 presidential election?

J. Storm Thurmond (P)

Who was the States' rights democrat that was a candidate for the 1948 presidential election?

John L. Lewis (P)

Who was the founding president of the Committee for Industrial Organization?

Charles Coughlin (P)

Who was the pastor of a small Catholic parish (with Catholic auto workers the core of the congregation) in the working class Detroit suburb of Royal Oak in 1926 who went on to become the "radio priest"

Henry Wallace (P)

Who was the progressive candidate for the 1948 presidential election?

John F. Kennedy (P)

Who was the youngest president ever elected?

Paul Revere (I/P)

Who was to report any troop movements by hanging lanterns in the steeple of the North Church

Patroons (M)

Who were Dutch settlers that were given big pieces of land in return for bringing at least 50 immigrants to work the land?

Puritans (S)

Who were Protestants that wanted a complete Reformation of the Church of England?

Enslaved women (S)

Who were at the very bottom of the social hierarchy?

Indentured servants (S)

Who were individuals contracted to serve 4 to 7 years in return for payment to travel to America?

Judy Garland/Frank Sinatra/Hollywood Ten (S/I)

Who were major opponents in the entertainment industry of the HUAC based on grounds of free speech?

Anti-Federalists (P/I)

Who were opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption?

Thomas Jefferson/Benjamin Franklin/John Adams/Roger Sherman/Robert Livingston (I/A)

Who were the Committee of Five to draft a declaration in Case Congress did vote for Independence?

John Jay/Alexander Hamilton/James Madison (P/I/S/E)

Who were the authors of the Federalists papers that supported the adoption of the Constitution?

College students (S)

Who were the prime protesters of the 1960's?

Gabriel Prosser and Jack Bowler

Who were the slaves that planned an uprising killing all whites, except Quakers, Methodists, and the French, in 1800?

Federalist (P/I)

Who were the supporters of the Constitution during ratification debates in state legislatures?

Franklin Roosevelt (P)

Who won the 1932 election by a landslide?

He was the buffer between Jefferson's and Hamilton's policies/Revolutionary France would be at war with Britain and Austria making American diplomacy difficult (P)

Why did George Washington continued with a second term?

He had a mentally ill sister that was treated terribly (P)

Why did JFK push for a Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Act?

They did not want to be drafted to a war they did not believe in (S)

Why did so many young men migrate to Canada during the Vietnam War?

He feared the reaction of the white troops and the possibility of a slave revolt (E/I)

Why was Washington reluctant to recruit black soldiers?

Too small/ill-trained/ill-supplied/Difficulty in raising funds (E/G)

Why was not the United States army able to fight the Iroquois skirmishes?

States were promised added rights/strong government would operate within clear limits (P/I/S/E)

Why was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution?

Wanted greater access to trade with North America/Embarrass Britain (A/E/G)

Why were France and Spain were willing to help?

They felt guilty because they were protected from the draft (S)

Why were many anti-war protests held at college campuses?

population (S/M)

With the decline of Cahokia, and the mound-building culture, the what of the Mississippi Valley shrank?

New Deal (P/E)

With the defeat of Roosevelt's court plan in 1837 divisions in Congress caused by the court plan never healed, unemployment rose in 1937 and 1938 (most likely due to FDR's effort to cutt back on federal spending), and the momentum behind this series of policies slowly came to a stop

margin (E)

With the rapidly increasing stock values especially in 1928 for businesses, like the Radio Corporation of America, DuPont, and the department store chain Montgomery Ward, people burrowed money to buy stocks (which causes a very unstable economic system) which is known as "buying on what"?

Oñate (P/G)

With this person's expedition, Spanish occupation of New Mexico would come closer to being permanent

Spain (A/P)

Within a few years, the Inca Empire of 32 million people (much larger than the Aztec Empire) had become the viceroyalty of Peru, a second major outpost of what distant country?

Am XIX

Women can vote/Congress could enforce it

Dust Bowl (E)

Working in the field was hard work and refugees from this area lived in government camps if they were lucky and were homeless if they weren't

WWI (S/P)

Writers like John Dos Passos, Ernest Hemingway, and e.e. cummings all wrote novels about the meaninglessness of what?

Acoma (P)

Zutucapan (the leader of his specific tribe) had avoided meeting Oñate because he did not want to cede any authority to the Spaniards and attacked a Spanish scouting party, and in 1599 Oñate burned what to the ground?

Art IV (4) Sec 1

all dates must acknowledge other's legal documents

Am XVII (17)

changed senator election methods

9 years

citizenship time for Senate

Art III (3) Sec 2

divides jurisdiction/Supreme court can hear original jurisdiction

Am I (1)

freedom of speech, religion, press, petition, and assembly

original jurisdiction

hear a case for the first time

Art IV (4) Sec 3

new states admitted by Congress/ cannot combine states to make a new one

eminent domain

right of gov to take private property for "greater good"

Art III (3) Sec 3

treason