Basic Care and Prevention Exam 1-3
Replanting a tooth must be done within _______ to have a high success rate.
2 hours
For every pound of water lost during exercises, _____ of fluid should be ingested.
24 oz
Strains and sprains that produce moderate discomfort, tenderness, swelling, ecchymosis, detectable joint instability, and/or muscle weakness are categorized as
2nd degree injuries
pulse pressure greater than ____mmHg indicates intracranial bleeding.
50
The organization that awards the ATC® credential is the
Board of Certification (BOC)
The brachial plexus is made from what spinal nerves?
C5-T1
Periods of deep breathing alternating with periods of apnea is termed
Cheynes-Stokes breathing
The common mechanism of injury for a muscle contusion is
Compression
True or False? Cantilevered shoulder pads are often used by the quarterback or receivers who must raise their arms above the head to throw or catch a ball.
False
A mild acromioclavicular sprain is treated with: I. Ice application II. NSAIDs III. Immobilization with a sling IV. Referral to a physician V. Activity as tolerated
I, II, V
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Ligaments resist large tensile loads from directions other than along their long axis.
An excellent tool for visualizing the CNS, musculoskeletal system and cardiovascular system is a(n)
MRI
An individual with ________________ often describes a sensation of having a stone in the shoe that worsens when standing.
Morton's neuroma
_____ has established minimum standards for football helmets and their use.
NOCSAE
The organization that defines impact standards for football and baseball/softball helmets is the
National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment
True or False? The foundation of concussion management is physical and cognitive rest until symptoms resolve, and then a graduated program of exertion prior to medical clearance and return to play.
True
True or False? The knee is directly affected by motions and forces coming from the foot, ankle, and lower leg.
True
True or False? The muscles in the anterior compartment of the lower leg are responsible for dorsiflexion of the ankle.
True
True or False? The preparticipation examination should determine the general health, maturity, and fitness level of an individual and detect those at risk for injury or those who may have conditions that may limit participation.
True
True or False? The pupils are extremely sensitive to conditions that affect the CNS.
True
True or False? The team physician is the final authority to determine the mental and physical fitness of athletes in organized sports programs
True
_____ explains that bones remodel and adapt to forces placed upon them.
Wolff's law
The single most important factor to prevent altitude sickness is
acclimatization
Treatment for an epidural hematoma is
activate EMS
Each of the following can overload the plantar fascia except
age over 40
In order to find an individual liable, the injured person must prove that there was
all the above- duty of care, breach of care, harm, harm resulting from breach of duty
Cervical collars or neck rolls cannot decrease the incidence of cervical injuries due to
axial loading
Failure to receive informed consent from an athlete could result in
battery
Which of the following terms refers to a structure on both sides of the body or body part?
bilateral
An athlete reports, head turned to the right side, supporting the right arm with the left arm. What injury should be suspected?
clavicular fracture
Which of the following structures would present the symptom of tinnitus?
ears
Each of the following is a sign of heat cramps except
elevated body temp
True or False? Hypoesthesia is characterized by a loss of sensation.
false
True or False? If the time from a lightning flash to thunder is within 60 seconds, all outdoor activity should end and participants should seek shelter.
false
True or False? In recurrent anterior glenohumeral dislocations, the forces needed to produce the injury are increased.
false
True or False? Partial paralysis of a muscle leading to a weakened contraction is called paresthesia.
false
True or False? Sweat production by itself results in heat loss from the skin.
false
The position in a joint's ROM during which it is under the least amount of stress is called the
loose packed position
In assessing a potentially serious neck injury, an athletic trainer removed the helmet of the injured athlete. What type of legal liability could result from the athletic trainer's actions?
malfeasance
common sign of a facial fracture of the maxilla or mandible or a temporomandibular dislocation is
malocclusion
common sign of a facial fracture to the maxilla or mandible is
malocclusion
Excessive or prolonged pronation in running, which leads to pain in the distal third of the medial tibial border not associated with a stress fracture, is typically
medial tibial stress syndrome
The most important tool of the PPE is the
medical history
Which of the following is NOT a sign of a complicated subdural hematoma?
raccoon eyes
In evaluating a head injury, which of the following techniques can be used by the athletic trainer to assess ability to concentrate?
recite 3 digits, ask the individual to recite them backward
Which of the following is NOT an intrinsic factor leading to metatarsalgia?
repetitive jumping
Following head trauma, inability to recall events that took place earlier in the day is an example of
retrograde amnesia
Questioning an athlete after a head injury regarding their means of arrival to the game, the quarter of their injury, and the day of the week is testing the individual's
retrograde memory
Which type of orthotic is designed to control motion?
rigid
After sustaining a head injury an athlete's skin becomes pale and clammy. What condition should be suspected?
shock
wrong done by an individual whereby the injured party seeks a remedy for damages is called a(n)
tort
True or False? An anterior acute compartment syndrome is a medical emergency.
true
True or False? Pain during palpation of the inferior surface of the calcaneus in the middle of the heel may indicate a possible heel bruise.
true
True or False? Strengthening the peroneal muscles can aid in the prevention of inversion ankle sprains.
true
True or False? The critical part of using the SAC instrument is to collect baseline normative data that can be used for comparison purposes in the event of a concussion to determine the severity of injury and follow the individual's recovery.
true
True or False? The point at which the clavicle changes shape and contour presents a structural weakness, and the largest number of fractures to the bone occurs at this point.
true
Dilated pupils are associated with each of the following conditions except
use of opiate based drug
The beginning of the acute inflammatory phase is marked by:
vasoconstriction
True or False? Normal respiration for a child is 10-25 respirations per minute.
False; 20-25
True or False? A myotome is a group of muscles primarily innervated by a single nerve root.
True
In the absence of the athletic trainer, it is the responsibility of the coach to
all the above- supervise fitting of equipment, inspect practice environments, evaluate daily status of participants
What ligament is often injured during a cutting maneuver, sudden deceleration, or landing in an off-balance position after a jump?
anterior cruciate
Diagnosis of concussion involves the assessment of clinical signs and symptoms in each of the following areas, EXCEPT:
biomechanical
For a muscle to shorten, it must:
contract concentrically
The ability of a muscle to stretch is called
extensibility
Most internal heat is generated during ________.
muscular activity
Movement of an affected part by another person or device without effort by the athlete is ________ exercise.
passive
The most important preventative measure for head and facial injuries is:
protective equipment
The _____ bursa may be irritated when repeatedly compressed during the overhand throwing motion.
subacromial
The final authority to clear an athlete for participation rests with the
supervising physician
True or False? When an athlete has sustained a clavicle fracture, he/she will support their arm with the unaffected arm.
true
True or False? During a soccer game, an athlete falls and strikes their head on the ground. The individual experiences confusion and a mild headache. Within a few minutes, the confusion is no longer apparent. The athlete should be permitted to return to play.
False
True or False? If a force is not sufficient to cause a skull fracture, an intracranial injury cannot occur.
False
True or False? If an athlete provides their own protective equipment, the athletic trainer is not responsible for ensuring that it fits correctly and maintained properly.
False
True or False? Scar tissue is fibrous, elastic, and highly vascular and thus is just as functional as the original tissue.
False
True or False? Systolic pressure is the residual pressure that exists in the arteries when the heart is at rest.
False
True or False? The Tanner scale of maturation is based on age, height, body composition, and pubic hair development.
False
True or False? The musculoskeletal examination is the most important component of the PPE.
False
True or False? When a force is sustained by the tissues of the human body, the amount of injury is solely determined by the material properties of the involved tissues.
False
test used to determine the degree of balance difficulties indicative of a concussion is the
Romberg test
True or False? A potential advantage of neoprene is its' ability to provide therapeutic heat.
True
True or False? A tendon begins to develop tears when it is stretched approximately 5 to 8% beyond normal length.
True
True or False? Acclimatization is the single most important factor in preventing the onset of heat illness and altitude sickness.
True
True or False? An emergency plan for any facility should be developed cooperatively by the facility manager, athletic trainer, sports supervisor, and physician working together with the local emergency medical service
True
True or False? Cervical neck rolls and collars limit motion of the cervical spine and have been shown to be effective in protecting players with a history of repetitive burners or stingers.
True
True or False? Clinicians have an ethical responsibility to keep accurate and factual records.
True
True or False? Eversion and dorsiflexion injuries can lead to a fracture of the lateral malleolus.
True
True or False? Ideally, the PPE should be done 6 weeks before the start of any practice session.
True
True or False? Licensure laws define the role of the athletic trainer and set the legal parameters under which the athletic trainer can practice within the state.
True
True or False? Longitudinal bone growth continues only as long as the bone's epiphyseal plates continue to exist.
True
True or False? One of the most important universal safety precautions to prevent the spread of disease is the regular use of latex gloves when working with blood or bodily fluids.
True
True or False? Tensile loading that involves a tendon or ligament pulling a small chip of bone away from the rest of the bone is called an avulsion fracture.
True
During initial evaluation of an athlete who complains of breathlessness you find the athlete to have wheezing-like breathing. What might this indicate?
asthma
Traditional athletic training settings are considered to be in
colleges and high schools
Malfeasance is defined as
committing an act that is not one's responsibility to perform
Nearly all injuries at the SC joint result from
compression
Bursitis is most likely to result from
compressive force
The advantages of having an individual's primary care physician administer a PPE include all of the following except:
cost of exam
In assessing urine to determine an individual's hydration status, which of the following would suggest inadequate hydration?
dark yellow urine of small volume and strong odor
Following head trauma, an athlete appears fine, but within 10 to 20 minutes starts to exhibit signs and symptoms of neurologic deterioration, such as drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, & decreased level of consciousness. What injury should be suspected?
epidural hematoma
Headache, confusion, nausea, cramping, bloated stomach, altered consciousness, significant mental compromise, swelling in the extremities are signs and symptoms of
exertional hypoatremia
Decorticate rigidity is posturing characterized by
extension of the legs and flexion of the elbows, wrists, and fingers
True or False? The iliotibial band is a medial stabilizer of the knee.
false
True or False? Thirst is an accurate indicator of water needs during exercise.
false
situation in which danger is apparent, or should have been apparent, resulting in an unreasonable unsafe condition is called
foreseeability of harm
Stretching the ______ helps decrease shortening of the plantar fascia.
gastrocnemius
Range of motion is measured quantitatively with
goniometer
The leading cause of loss of consciousness in a sports activity is
head injuries
The most frequent sign or symptom associated with concussion is:
headache
An athlete exhibits signs of disorientation, shallow breathing, hot, dry, reddish skin, and rapid, strong pulse. These characteristics suggest
heat stroke
Blood in the urine is termed
hematuria
The main function of the rotator cuff muscles is to
hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa
Visceral pain results from
injury to an organ in the thoracic cavity
Immediate swelling of the knee after acute injury usually indicates
intraarticular injury
Each of the following signs and symptoms indicate a ruptured Achilles tendon EXCEPT
limps with the foot and leg internally rotated
When asking about the characteristics of symptoms, the athletic trainer should determine
location, onset, severity, frequency, duration
Closed-chain exercises for the knee include
mini squats
During a weight training session, the coach left the room to work with some players in the gymnasium. While the coach was out of the room, an athlete sustained an injury using the equipment. The coach is at risk for:
negligence
Questions concerning head injury, unconsciousness, repeated headaches, seizures, and unexplained muscle weakness are part of the
neurological exam
An athletic trainer suspects that a football player has a neck injury but does not use a rigid backboard to stabilize the individual. What type of legal liability could result from the athletic trainer's actions?
nonfeasance
Abnormal oscillating movements of the eye is termed
nystagmus
Visual analysis of overall appearance, symmetry, general motor function, posture, and gait is called
observation
Hypotension is caused by each of the following except
oral contraceptives
The bones cells that form new bone tissue are called
osteoblasts
Which of the following best describes a stage 2 tendinitis?
pain during activity and doesn't restrict performance
_____ is a hallmark sign of interdigital neuroma.
pain that is relieved when barefooted
An abnormal sensation characterized by numbness, tingling, or a burning sensation is called
paresthesia
Which one of the following is NOT a rotator cuff muscle?
pec major
Which of the following professionals may NOT be a member of the primary sports medicine team?
physical therapist
A highly specialized band of tissue on the plantar surface of the foot that provides support for the longitudinal arch is the
plantar fascia
Which of the following is not characteristic of "jumper's knee"?
point tenderness at the superior pole of the patella
Localized area of blindness and migraine headaches are common symptoms of:
posttraumatic headaches
The best way to avoid heat illness is to
practice acclimatization
Which of the following is NOT part of the neurological examination within the PPE?
precordial auscultation
The immediate assessment occurring on the field when a life-threatening injury is present is called
primary survey
Which of the following is NOT considered a vital sign?
pupillary response to light
runner reports with chronic shin pain. Upon observation the athletic trainer notes that the athlete has overpronation on the affected leg. What type of shoe should be suggested for this athlete?
shoe with greater control on the medial side
In a first-time glenohumeral dislocation, the injured arm is usually held in what position?
slightly abducted and externally rotated
The muscles in the deep posterior compartment include each of the following EXCEPT:
soleus
Delayed signs and symptoms days or even weeks after head trauma are most likely to be associated with which of the following injuries?
subdural hematoma
While stretching for an overthrown ball a first baseman strained an adductor muscle. What type of force would have produced this injury?
tensile
Ligamentous injuries are usually caused by a _______.
tensile force
Which of the following is not an electrolyte?
thiamin
A condition in which nerves and/or vessels become compressed in the root of the neck or axilla, leading to numbness in the arm is called
thoracic outlet syndrome
An individual reports numbness in the side of the neck, which extends across the shoulder and down the medial arm to the ulnar aspect of the hand, accompanied by weakness in grasp and atrophy of hand musculature. What injury should be suspected?
thoracic outlet syndrome
Which of the following should NOT be done when managing epistaxis?
tilt head back to decrease bleeding
Which of the following best illustrates a symptom?
tinnitus
True or False? The vastus medialis oblique (VMO) is the dynamic stabilizer that resists lateral displacement of the patella.
true
Hyperextension of the MTP joint of the great toe is called
turf toe
