Basic Care and Prevention Exam 1-3

Replanting a tooth must be done within _______ to have a high success rate.

2 hours

For every pound of water lost during exercises, _____ of fluid should be ingested.

24 oz

Strains and sprains that produce moderate discomfort, tenderness, swelling, ecchymosis, detectable joint instability, and/or muscle weakness are categorized as

2nd degree injuries

pulse pressure greater than ____mmHg indicates intracranial bleeding.

50

The organization that awards the ATC® credential is the

Board of Certification (BOC)

The brachial plexus is made from what spinal nerves?

C5-T1

Periods of deep breathing alternating with periods of apnea is termed

Cheynes-Stokes breathing

The common mechanism of injury for a muscle contusion is

Compression

True or False? Cantilevered shoulder pads are often used by the quarterback or receivers who must raise their arms above the head to throw or catch a ball.

False

A mild acromioclavicular sprain is treated with: I. Ice application II. NSAIDs III. Immobilization with a sling IV. Referral to a physician V. Activity as tolerated

I, II, V

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Ligaments resist large tensile loads from directions other than along their long axis.

An excellent tool for visualizing the CNS, musculoskeletal system and cardiovascular system is a(n)

MRI

An individual with ________________ often describes a sensation of having a stone in the shoe that worsens when standing.

Morton's neuroma

_____ has established minimum standards for football helmets and their use.

NOCSAE

The organization that defines impact standards for football and baseball/softball helmets is the

National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment

True or False? The foundation of concussion management is physical and cognitive rest until symptoms resolve, and then a graduated program of exertion prior to medical clearance and return to play.

True

True or False? The knee is directly affected by motions and forces coming from the foot, ankle, and lower leg.

True

True or False? The muscles in the anterior compartment of the lower leg are responsible for dorsiflexion of the ankle.

True

True or False? The preparticipation examination should determine the general health, maturity, and fitness level of an individual and detect those at risk for injury or those who may have conditions that may limit participation.

True

True or False? The pupils are extremely sensitive to conditions that affect the CNS.

True

True or False? The team physician is the final authority to determine the mental and physical fitness of athletes in organized sports programs

True

_____ explains that bones remodel and adapt to forces placed upon them.

Wolff's law

The single most important factor to prevent altitude sickness is

acclimatization

Treatment for an epidural hematoma is

activate EMS

Each of the following can overload the plantar fascia except

age over 40

In order to find an individual liable, the injured person must prove that there was

all the above- duty of care, breach of care, harm, harm resulting from breach of duty

Cervical collars or neck rolls cannot decrease the incidence of cervical injuries due to

axial loading

Failure to receive informed consent from an athlete could result in

battery

Which of the following terms refers to a structure on both sides of the body or body part?

bilateral

An athlete reports, head turned to the right side, supporting the right arm with the left arm. What injury should be suspected?

clavicular fracture

Which of the following structures would present the symptom of tinnitus?

ears

Each of the following is a sign of heat cramps except

elevated body temp

True or False? Hypoesthesia is characterized by a loss of sensation.

false

True or False? If the time from a lightning flash to thunder is within 60 seconds, all outdoor activity should end and participants should seek shelter.

false

True or False? In recurrent anterior glenohumeral dislocations, the forces needed to produce the injury are increased.

false

True or False? Partial paralysis of a muscle leading to a weakened contraction is called paresthesia.

false

True or False? Sweat production by itself results in heat loss from the skin.

false

The position in a joint's ROM during which it is under the least amount of stress is called the

loose packed position

In assessing a potentially serious neck injury, an athletic trainer removed the helmet of the injured athlete. What type of legal liability could result from the athletic trainer's actions?

malfeasance

common sign of a facial fracture of the maxilla or mandible or a temporomandibular dislocation is

malocclusion

common sign of a facial fracture to the maxilla or mandible is

malocclusion

Excessive or prolonged pronation in running, which leads to pain in the distal third of the medial tibial border not associated with a stress fracture, is typically

medial tibial stress syndrome

The most important tool of the PPE is the

medical history

Which of the following is NOT a sign of a complicated subdural hematoma?

raccoon eyes

In evaluating a head injury, which of the following techniques can be used by the athletic trainer to assess ability to concentrate?

recite 3 digits, ask the individual to recite them backward

Which of the following is NOT an intrinsic factor leading to metatarsalgia?

repetitive jumping

Following head trauma, inability to recall events that took place earlier in the day is an example of

retrograde amnesia

Questioning an athlete after a head injury regarding their means of arrival to the game, the quarter of their injury, and the day of the week is testing the individual's

retrograde memory

Which type of orthotic is designed to control motion?

rigid

After sustaining a head injury an athlete's skin becomes pale and clammy. What condition should be suspected?

shock

wrong done by an individual whereby the injured party seeks a remedy for damages is called a(n)

tort

True or False? An anterior acute compartment syndrome is a medical emergency.

true

True or False? Pain during palpation of the inferior surface of the calcaneus in the middle of the heel may indicate a possible heel bruise.

true

True or False? Strengthening the peroneal muscles can aid in the prevention of inversion ankle sprains.

true

True or False? The critical part of using the SAC instrument is to collect baseline normative data that can be used for comparison purposes in the event of a concussion to determine the severity of injury and follow the individual's recovery.

true

True or False? The point at which the clavicle changes shape and contour presents a structural weakness, and the largest number of fractures to the bone occurs at this point.

true

Dilated pupils are associated with each of the following conditions except

use of opiate based drug

The beginning of the acute inflammatory phase is marked by:

vasoconstriction

True or False? Normal respiration for a child is 10-25 respirations per minute.

False; 20-25

True or False? A myotome is a group of muscles primarily innervated by a single nerve root.

True

In the absence of the athletic trainer, it is the responsibility of the coach to

all the above- supervise fitting of equipment, inspect practice environments, evaluate daily status of participants

What ligament is often injured during a cutting maneuver, sudden deceleration, or landing in an off-balance position after a jump?

anterior cruciate

Diagnosis of concussion involves the assessment of clinical signs and symptoms in each of the following areas, EXCEPT:

biomechanical

For a muscle to shorten, it must:

contract concentrically

The ability of a muscle to stretch is called

extensibility

Most internal heat is generated during ________.

muscular activity

Movement of an affected part by another person or device without effort by the athlete is ________ exercise.

passive

The most important preventative measure for head and facial injuries is:

protective equipment

The _____ bursa may be irritated when repeatedly compressed during the overhand throwing motion.

subacromial

The final authority to clear an athlete for participation rests with the

supervising physician

True or False? When an athlete has sustained a clavicle fracture, he/she will support their arm with the unaffected arm.

true

True or False? During a soccer game, an athlete falls and strikes their head on the ground. The individual experiences confusion and a mild headache. Within a few minutes, the confusion is no longer apparent. The athlete should be permitted to return to play.

False

True or False? If a force is not sufficient to cause a skull fracture, an intracranial injury cannot occur.

False

True or False? If an athlete provides their own protective equipment, the athletic trainer is not responsible for ensuring that it fits correctly and maintained properly.

False

True or False? Scar tissue is fibrous, elastic, and highly vascular and thus is just as functional as the original tissue.

False

True or False? Systolic pressure is the residual pressure that exists in the arteries when the heart is at rest.

False

True or False? The Tanner scale of maturation is based on age, height, body composition, and pubic hair development.

False

True or False? The musculoskeletal examination is the most important component of the PPE.

False

True or False? When a force is sustained by the tissues of the human body, the amount of injury is solely determined by the material properties of the involved tissues.

False

test used to determine the degree of balance difficulties indicative of a concussion is the

Romberg test

True or False? A potential advantage of neoprene is its' ability to provide therapeutic heat.

True

True or False? A tendon begins to develop tears when it is stretched approximately 5 to 8% beyond normal length.

True

True or False? Acclimatization is the single most important factor in preventing the onset of heat illness and altitude sickness.

True

True or False? An emergency plan for any facility should be developed cooperatively by the facility manager, athletic trainer, sports supervisor, and physician working together with the local emergency medical service

True

True or False? Cervical neck rolls and collars limit motion of the cervical spine and have been shown to be effective in protecting players with a history of repetitive burners or stingers.

True

True or False? Clinicians have an ethical responsibility to keep accurate and factual records.

True

True or False? Eversion and dorsiflexion injuries can lead to a fracture of the lateral malleolus.

True

True or False? Ideally, the PPE should be done 6 weeks before the start of any practice session.

True

True or False? Licensure laws define the role of the athletic trainer and set the legal parameters under which the athletic trainer can practice within the state.

True

True or False? Longitudinal bone growth continues only as long as the bone's epiphyseal plates continue to exist.

True

True or False? One of the most important universal safety precautions to prevent the spread of disease is the regular use of latex gloves when working with blood or bodily fluids.

True

True or False? Tensile loading that involves a tendon or ligament pulling a small chip of bone away from the rest of the bone is called an avulsion fracture.

True

During initial evaluation of an athlete who complains of breathlessness you find the athlete to have wheezing-like breathing. What might this indicate?

asthma

Traditional athletic training settings are considered to be in

colleges and high schools

Malfeasance is defined as

committing an act that is not one's responsibility to perform

Nearly all injuries at the SC joint result from

compression

Bursitis is most likely to result from

compressive force

The advantages of having an individual's primary care physician administer a PPE include all of the following except:

cost of exam

In assessing urine to determine an individual's hydration status, which of the following would suggest inadequate hydration?

dark yellow urine of small volume and strong odor

Following head trauma, an athlete appears fine, but within 10 to 20 minutes starts to exhibit signs and symptoms of neurologic deterioration, such as drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, & decreased level of consciousness. What injury should be suspected?

epidural hematoma

Headache, confusion, nausea, cramping, bloated stomach, altered consciousness, significant mental compromise, swelling in the extremities are signs and symptoms of

exertional hypoatremia

Decorticate rigidity is posturing characterized by

extension of the legs and flexion of the elbows, wrists, and fingers

True or False? The iliotibial band is a medial stabilizer of the knee.

false

True or False? Thirst is an accurate indicator of water needs during exercise.

false

situation in which danger is apparent, or should have been apparent, resulting in an unreasonable unsafe condition is called

foreseeability of harm

Stretching the ______ helps decrease shortening of the plantar fascia.

gastrocnemius

Range of motion is measured quantitatively with

goniometer

The leading cause of loss of consciousness in a sports activity is

head injuries

The most frequent sign or symptom associated with concussion is:

headache

An athlete exhibits signs of disorientation, shallow breathing, hot, dry, reddish skin, and rapid, strong pulse. These characteristics suggest

heat stroke

Blood in the urine is termed

hematuria

The main function of the rotator cuff muscles is to

hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa

Visceral pain results from

injury to an organ in the thoracic cavity

Immediate swelling of the knee after acute injury usually indicates

intraarticular injury

Each of the following signs and symptoms indicate a ruptured Achilles tendon EXCEPT

limps with the foot and leg internally rotated

When asking about the characteristics of symptoms, the athletic trainer should determine

location, onset, severity, frequency, duration

Closed-chain exercises for the knee include

mini squats

During a weight training session, the coach left the room to work with some players in the gymnasium. While the coach was out of the room, an athlete sustained an injury using the equipment. The coach is at risk for:

negligence

Questions concerning head injury, unconsciousness, repeated headaches, seizures, and unexplained muscle weakness are part of the

neurological exam

An athletic trainer suspects that a football player has a neck injury but does not use a rigid backboard to stabilize the individual. What type of legal liability could result from the athletic trainer's actions?

nonfeasance

Abnormal oscillating movements of the eye is termed

nystagmus

Visual analysis of overall appearance, symmetry, general motor function, posture, and gait is called

observation

Hypotension is caused by each of the following except

oral contraceptives

The bones cells that form new bone tissue are called

osteoblasts

Which of the following best describes a stage 2 tendinitis?

pain during activity and doesn't restrict performance

_____ is a hallmark sign of interdigital neuroma.

pain that is relieved when barefooted

An abnormal sensation characterized by numbness, tingling, or a burning sensation is called

paresthesia

Which one of the following is NOT a rotator cuff muscle?

pec major

Which of the following professionals may NOT be a member of the primary sports medicine team?

physical therapist

A highly specialized band of tissue on the plantar surface of the foot that provides support for the longitudinal arch is the

plantar fascia

Which of the following is not characteristic of "jumper's knee"?

point tenderness at the superior pole of the patella

Localized area of blindness and migraine headaches are common symptoms of:

posttraumatic headaches

The best way to avoid heat illness is to

practice acclimatization

Which of the following is NOT part of the neurological examination within the PPE?

precordial auscultation

The immediate assessment occurring on the field when a life-threatening injury is present is called

primary survey

Which of the following is NOT considered a vital sign?

pupillary response to light

runner reports with chronic shin pain. Upon observation the athletic trainer notes that the athlete has overpronation on the affected leg. What type of shoe should be suggested for this athlete?

shoe with greater control on the medial side

In a first-time glenohumeral dislocation, the injured arm is usually held in what position?

slightly abducted and externally rotated

The muscles in the deep posterior compartment include each of the following EXCEPT:

soleus

Delayed signs and symptoms days or even weeks after head trauma are most likely to be associated with which of the following injuries?

subdural hematoma

While stretching for an overthrown ball a first baseman strained an adductor muscle. What type of force would have produced this injury?

tensile

Ligamentous injuries are usually caused by a _______.

tensile force

Which of the following is not an electrolyte?

thiamin

A condition in which nerves and/or vessels become compressed in the root of the neck or axilla, leading to numbness in the arm is called

thoracic outlet syndrome

An individual reports numbness in the side of the neck, which extends across the shoulder and down the medial arm to the ulnar aspect of the hand, accompanied by weakness in grasp and atrophy of hand musculature. What injury should be suspected?

thoracic outlet syndrome

Which of the following should NOT be done when managing epistaxis?

tilt head back to decrease bleeding

Which of the following best illustrates a symptom?

tinnitus

True or False? The vastus medialis oblique (VMO) is the dynamic stabilizer that resists lateral displacement of the patella.

true

Hyperextension of the MTP joint of the great toe is called

turf toe