Basic Network Commands
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nmap
Port scan
finger
Retrieves and displays information about network user
whois
Retrieves and displays registration record of domain
tracert / traceroute
Shows travel path of packets and routers along the way.
host / hostname
Displays IP address
ifconfig / ipconfig
Displays TCP/IP and network settings?
netstat
Displays network statistics and connections
arp (Address Resolution Protocol)
Maps IP address to MAC (Media Access Control) / physical address?
nslookup
Maps domain name to IP address
nbstat
NetBIOS over TCP/IP statistics
ping
Tests connectivity; sends echo request and awaits for echo reply. Ping command can use IP address or domain name. Uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)