Government Unit 1.1

The English Bill of Rights: What was the negative side of the Magna Carta?

over the years, the Magna Carta's influence would either be stronger or weaker, it wasn't very dependable

English Parliamentary Government: What is parlaiment?

parliament is where the chosen leaders of a nation come together to decide on the laws, taxes, and matters of war

Variety of Government Formats: Direct Democracy:

rule of citizens; simple majority rule; no restraint on majority

Variety of Government Formats: Oligarchy:

rule of few (well-connected, socially, financially, physically powerful); elites rule

Variety of Government Formats: Monarchy:

rule of one; undivided rule; typically hereditary rule; backed by oligarchical power

Once the English Bill of Rights was created, which of the following was the King of England NOT prevented from doing?

run the Army and navy of England

The English Bill of Rights: What did the English Bill of Rights state?

stated that the Monarch could not be the judge in a trial. The monarch could not create new taxes that only the government created by the Nobles could

The Ancient Greeks: What is "Moral Education"?

teaching how to maintain proper habits and a good reputation (generosity, self-control, respect, fairness, and courage)

Who leads the British government and from whom do they get their power?

the Prime Minister, they get there power from the Monarch, has not been officially specified where

Roman Republic: What was the idea of the Republic?

the Republic was an idea that the "Citizens" would vote for other citizens to lead their nation (known as "Senators")

Foundation of Government: Greece Direct Democracy What was the average Athenian eventually able to do?

the average Athenian would eventually be given power to make decisions for the city state

Foundation of Government: Greece Direct Democracy What were the Athenians responsibilities?

the citizens had the responsibility for the success of the city. They would meet and vote on issues, problems, and projects

Roman Republic: What did the American founding fathers create in response to the Roman Republic?

they created the "Checks and Balances"

The Ancient Romans: What else did the Ancient Romans develop?

they developed advanced forms of representative government

The Ancient Romans: What did the Ancient Romans develop?

they developed the "rule of law"

Variety of Government Formats: Totalitarianism:

total government control

Who was not originally protected by the Magna Carta?

un-free peasants, only applied to free people

The English Bill of Rights: Why was the English Bill of Rights created for?

was created to reinforce the Magna Carta and added to it

Foundation of Government: Greece Direct Democracy What part of Greece's democracy affected how our government is today?

we were influenced by the Greek city of Athens by their use of a direct democracy (their voting system)

The Ancient Greeks: What did the Ancient Greeks teach?

moral education

The Ancient Romans: What was the "rule of law"?

no one is above the law, laws being fairly and equally applied for all

Variety of Government Formats: Anarchy:

no order/control, no government structure; power vacuum

What are 3 more things that the English Bill of Rights prevented the king from doing?

1. it was illegal for the Crown to suspend or dispense with the law 2. it was illegal to level money without parliament assent 3. it was illegal to raise an army in peacetime

The English Bill of Rights prevented the Monarch from doing what?

Being a judge to a trial

The Ancient Greeks: What became important to many philosophers? (during this time)

Civic Virtue

Foundation of Government: Greece Direct Democracy What is the form of the citizens having a say in the lawmaking process called?

Democracy

What parts of our current system resemble Direct Democracy and which parts represent a Republic?

Democracy: state initiative and referendums Republic: 3 branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial)

The ability of the citizens of Arizona to vote on state laws is an example of...

Direct Democracy

What two types of government make up our current government today?

Direct Democracy (Greek democracy) and Republic (Roman republic)

The Bible: What idea was developed in the Bible? (that is present today)

Hebrew prophets developed the idea of all people being equal, created in the image of God

The English Bill of Rights strengthened what?

Parliament's power

Not only the King of England pushed back against the Manga Carta, which hugely important leader also disliked it?

Pope Innocent III

Our selection of Senators and Rpesentatives to create laws for our lands is an example of...

Republic

Which document limits the power of the English and serves as inspiration for the American colonists in their attempt to break away from England?

The Magna Cara

What did the Magna Carta allow for?

Trial by jury

Foundation of Government: Greece Direct Democracy How were the Athenians able to have a say in the lawmaking process?

a Athenian named Cleisthenes pushed through the government rules that enabled the average Athenian to take part in the lawmaking process

English Parliamentary Government: What did parliament do overtime?

as time went on the Parliament slowly took control of the power of the monarchy (relationship is complicated so the monarchy does retain a lot of power)

The Ancient Greeks: What is "Civic Virtue"?

being well informed and makeing decisions for the good of the people

What are some pros and cons of these different forms of government? Cons:

chaos, take advantage, longer decision making, indecisive (different opinions from multiple people), not everyone agrees, accountability, no voice, forceful

The Ancient Greeks: What became common for the citizens?

citizens voting for their leaders became common

The United States is a Democracy, T or F?

false

What are some pros and cons of these different forms of government? Pros:

faster decisions, one person's opinion, no or less conflict, order, everyone has a voice, more careful decision (thought out because there are multiple voices)

Foundations of Government: Roman Republic What three forms of government did they have?

first they had kings with city states (monarchy), then switched to a Republic, and then to a emperor/dictator government

Who was considered a voting citizen in Athens and therefore could participate in the democratic process?

male citizens who were older than 18, 15.4% can vote

Variety of Government Formats: Authoritarianism:

micromanagement of citizens via government structure; military control, tyranny

How are member of the English House of Lords selected and how is that different than members of the United States Senate?

members of the English House of Lords is selected by the monarch with advice from the Prime Minister; different than the Senate because the Senate is selected through popular vote of the people

The Magna Carta: Who created the Magna Carta and what did they do with it?

in 1215 the Nobles of England got together and created the Magna Carta, a document that they forced the King of England to agree to

The Magna Carta: What are some things that are included in the Magna Carta?

included items such as trial by jury, due process, protection against the arbitrary taking of life liberty, or property and the power of monarchy was NOT absolute

Variety of Government Formats: Republic:

indirect rule of citizens through representatives; rule of law; limited government

The Bible: What did the Bible inspire?

inspired the idea of caring for the weaker members of society

The Magna Carta: What did the Magna Carta do?

it gave some power in directing how the country would act and gave them some protection from the King; put laws/restrictions on the King

The English Bill of Rights: What did the BOR outlaw?

it outlawed cruel and unusual punishment

The English Bill of Rights: What did the BOR protect?

it protected rights to trial by jury

What was an unexpected effect of the Magna Carta?

it set the foundation of democracy in England and established the principle that everybody was subject to the law. It also influenced many constitutional documents around the world (justice + fair trial, law)

Roman Republic: What brought up the idea of a "Checks and Balances" system?

it was influenced by the Romans by them not having this system which led them to be run by Emperors and lose their freedom

The Magna Carta: What was the Magna Carta the first step towards to?

it was the first step towards a limited government