Becker Final
Which of the following are characteristics of complex adaptive systems that distinguish them from other kinds of systems
Adaptive behavior of and rich interactions between system elements
Organizational culture___
Controls organizational members' interactions with each other
A(n) ______ problem is a problem in determining managerial accountability that arises when delegating authority to managers
Agency
Yeh union does not like the work rules of an automobile plant. The lot makes a joint union-labor committee and gets key union leaders to join the committee. This is an example of
Cooptation
Research shows that as organizations grow
An increase in the number of manages is less than proportional to the increase in size
According to the principle of minimum chain of command
An organization should be kept as flat as possible
In a ____ structure, each business is placed in a self -contained division and there is no contact between divisions
Conglomerate
Which of these is the least formal and least direct way to manage symbiotic interdependencies with suppliers and customers
Developing reputation
The marketing and manufacturing managers of the sportswear division of a sports goods company meet to discuss the launch of a new line of football jerseys. The integrating technique used in this case is
Direct contact
Which of the following is an integrating mechanism where an existing manager meets face to face to coordinate activities
Direct contact
In order to measure organizational effectiveness, an organization measures the amount of time needed to get new products to market, and the amount of time spent coordinating the activities of different departments. This indicates that the organization is using the ____ approach to measure the organizational effectiveness
Internal systems
Which of the following actions most likely enables even a relatively tall structure to be more flexible in its responses to change in the external environment
Increasing the specialization and division of labor
Google's competitive advantage relies on knowledge workers and innovation. Given that fact, which of the following represents Google's most important inputs
Information, knowledge, and Human Resources
Robert decided to create a web site for buying and selling electronic products and he only recruited people who could provide high-quality, customer friendly service that would appeal most to his internet customers. This shows that Robert is trying to create value at the ___ stage
Input
A core competence in ____ management can allow an organization to quickly discover and respond to customer needs
Marketing
Which of the following functions would be responsible for implementing a just-in-time inventory system
Materials management
In which of the following organizational structures do employees move between teams
Matrix structure
A matrix structure involves ______ vertical control from the formal hierarchy and _____ horizontal control from the use of integrating mechanisms
Minimal; maximal
Which of the following refers to the integration mechanism where a new team of managers is created to coordinate the activities of functions or divisions
Integrating department
A company invited all its employees to a Christmas party. This is an example of a rite of
Integration
Which of the following forces is general environmental factor
Interest rates
A computer company does not have an established sequence of steps for socializing newcomers. Training is tailored to individual needs. Which of the following socialization tactics is this company using
Random
A computer manufacturer use its competences in product design to produce laser printers. Which of the following strategies is being pursued by this company?
Related diversification
According to _____ an organization should minimize its dependence on other organizations for resources and find ways of influencing them to make resources available
Resource dependency theory
Biotechnology companies in Boston have a large pool of high-quality scientists to choose from because of the presence of so many universities in the area. Based on this, we can say that the biotech companies in Boston have a ____ environment
Rich
Rose supervises Iris, who in turn supervises Violet and Daisy. Violet has four subordinates and Daisy has six. Which of the following options represents the accurate spans of control for each of these supervisors
Rose 1. Iris 2. Violet 4, Daisy 6
Which of the following is an output created by an organization
Salaries
Which do the following socialization tactics is most likely to be employed by an organization if it wants to achieve stability and predictability
Sequential, serial, divestiture
What are the advantages of functional structure
Specialization and accountability
An organization's environment will be more uncertain when _______
Specific and general forces in the environment become less interconnected
Managers who are in charge of a specific organizational such as sales or R&D hold a(n) ____ role
Staff
Identify the most "macro" level of analysis
Studying characteristics associated with top performing companies in the finance industry
An organization in which the hierarchy has many levels relative to the size of the organization is a(n)
Tall
It is more difficult to increase the span of control when
Tasks are highly interrelated
A(n) _____ value is a desired end state or outcome that people seek to achieve
Terminal
Which of the following is most likely to be the effect of standardization
The actions of employees become more predictable
As an organization that uses a functional structure grows, ______
The cost of each functions contribution to the development of each product becomes increasingly difficult to measure
Which of the following statements about property rights is true?
The distribution of property rights to different stakeholders determines how effective an organization is
What are disadvantages of the global product -group structure
The necessity of duplication facilities and staff personnel within each division
Under which of the following situations are managers most likely to use functional structure
The organization sells its products to only one major type of customer
Stakeholders will generally participate in an organization if ____
The receiver inducements that exceed the value of the contributions they are required to make
Which of the following core competences is most likely to be used by a company to create value while pursuing unrelated diversification
Too managements ability to efficiently control a group of organizations
The term "teams" specifically refers to to work groups consisting of people from different work areas who are empowered to direct and coordinate different projects
Transactional
The price at which one division in an organization sells a product or information about innovations to another division in the same organization is called _____ price
Transfer
An organization is a tool people use to coordinate their actions to obtain something they desire or value
True
An organization's strategy is a specific pattern of decisions and actions that managers take to use core competencies to achieve a competitive advantage and outperform competitors
True
As companies change from a multimedia to an international, global, or transnational strategy, they require a more complex structure, control system, and culture to coordinate the value-creation activities associated with implementing that strategy
True
Differentiation is the process of establishing and controlling the division of labor in an organization
True
Division of labor and differentiation are high in a complex organization
True
The goal behind the change to a divisional structure is to create smaller, more manageable subunits within an organization
True
The more centralized an organization, the more of a problem communication will be
True
The most important function of organizational structure is to control- that is coordinate and motivate- people within an organization
True
Which of the following statements is true regarding an organization following a low-cost strategy
Typically, low-cost organizations use centralized decision making
Pensions and severance pay are the examples of the property rights given to the
Workforce
Servicing the needs of new kinds of customer groups and tailoring products to suit them are relatively simple in a functional structure
False
The need to coordinate and integrate global activities increases as a company moves from a transnational strategy to a multi domestic strategy
False
Rites of ________ mark an individual's entry to, promotion in, and departure from the organization
passage
Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding a geographic divisional structure
A geographic structure allows some functions to be centralized at one headquarters location and others to be decentralized to a regional level.
Which do these is the best example of non-linearity in a system
A Toyota plant in Malaysia made a change that saved $500 per vehicle. Within six months Toyota had implemented it in all its factories around the world
Which of the following is an example of an official goal
Become a leading producer of a product
Which of the following is an instrumental value
Being frugal
A focus strategy is a(n) ___ strategy
Business-level
Operative goals ____
Can be used to measure how well and organization is managing its environment
Which of these best describes the system of hierarchical reporting relationships in an organization
Chain of command
A ___ is a secret agreement among competitors to share information for a deceitful or illegal purpose
Collusion
What kind of interdependencies exist when organizations need the same scarce inputs and market their products to the same group of potential customers
Competitive
_____ is the process of giving employees throughout the organization the authority to make important decisions and to be responsible for their outcomes
Empowerment
___ is the process by which people recognize opportunities to satisfy needs and then gather and use resources to meet those needs
Entrepreneurship
Which of the following terms refers to the strength, number and interconnectedness of the specific and general forces that an organization has to manage
Environmental complexity
In order to measure organizational effectiveness, an organization uses indicators such as stock price and market share. These indicators show that the organization is using the ___ approach to measure the organizational effectiveness
External resource
A product division structure is more decentralized than a product team structure
False
As compared to a large company, the degree of specialization in a small company is higher
False
Fixed socialization tactics allow newcomers to learn on the job, as members of a team
False
Formalization is more appropriate in environments that require high levels of mutual adjustment
False
Organizations that provide essentially the same goods and services will always have similar organizational cultures
False
A bank has a training program that contains six stages. Newcomers must complete each stage of the training in one month, making the total training time six months. Which of the following socialization tactics is this bank using
Fixed
Compared to a tall organization, one with a flat structure is most likely to experience
Higher bureaucratic costs
____is an integrating mechanism where a specific manager is given responsibility for coordinating with managers from other subunits on behalf of his or her subunit
Liaison role
Which of the following is an adaptive function
Long range planning
Golden parachutes are property rights generally given to the _____
Managers
In effect, ____ are the agents or employees of shareholders
Managers
As the hierarchy of an organization becomes taller:
Managers begin to spend more and more times monitoring and supervising their subordinates
Which of the following organizational structures has a disadvantage of extensive duplication of activities within the organization
Multifunctional structure
People turn around to face the door when they enter an elevator. This behavior is observed although there are no formal rules. This is an example of a(n) ________.
Norm
Which of the following statements is true regarding organizational design
Organizational design is in place, it hinders the process of organizational change
The term refers to the particular range of goods and services that an organization produces, and the customers and the other stakeholders it serves
Organizational domain
These are stakeholders who do not own the organization and are not employed by it, but still have some claim or interest in it
Outside stakeholders
Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of a bureaucratic structure
Over reliance on standard operating procedures
What are the three different types of product structures
Product division structure, multidivisional structure, and product team structure
What are the different types of divisional structures
Product structure, Geographic structure, and market structure
A high level of formalization typically implies _____
centralization of authority
As the number of hierarchical levels increases, ________.
communication problems get progressively worse
The principal purpose of organizational structure is to
control how people coordinate their actions and use resources
KFC specializes in the chicken segment of the fast-food market. This is an example of a ________ strategy.
focus
Which of the following goals set by an organization to measure effectiveness indicates that it is using the external resource approach to measure organizational effectiveness
gain support of stakeholders such as government or environmentalists
The specific environment consists of forces from
outside stakeholder groups that directly affect an organization's ability to secure resources
Competitive advantage is the ability of a company to
outperform another company because its managers are able to create more value from the resources at their disposal
Cultural values of the organization are most likely to be derived from _____
the beliefs of the founders
In which of the following situation, servicing the needs of new kinds of customer groups and tailoring products to suit them are is most likely to be relatively difficult
the organization uses functional structure
A disadvantage of centralization is that _____
the top managers have little time for long-term strategic decision-making