Becker Final

Which of the following are characteristics of complex adaptive systems that distinguish them from other kinds of systems

Adaptive behavior of and rich interactions between system elements

Organizational culture___

Controls organizational members' interactions with each other

A(n) ______ problem is a problem in determining managerial accountability that arises when delegating authority to managers

Agency

Yeh union does not like the work rules of an automobile plant. The lot makes a joint union-labor committee and gets key union leaders to join the committee. This is an example of

Cooptation

Research shows that as organizations grow

An increase in the number of manages is less than proportional to the increase in size

According to the principle of minimum chain of command

An organization should be kept as flat as possible

In a ____ structure, each business is placed in a self -contained division and there is no contact between divisions

Conglomerate

Which of these is the least formal and least direct way to manage symbiotic interdependencies with suppliers and customers

Developing reputation

The marketing and manufacturing managers of the sportswear division of a sports goods company meet to discuss the launch of a new line of football jerseys. The integrating technique used in this case is

Direct contact

Which of the following is an integrating mechanism where an existing manager meets face to face to coordinate activities

Direct contact

In order to measure organizational effectiveness, an organization measures the amount of time needed to get new products to market, and the amount of time spent coordinating the activities of different departments. This indicates that the organization is using the ____ approach to measure the organizational effectiveness

Internal systems

Which of the following actions most likely enables even a relatively tall structure to be more flexible in its responses to change in the external environment

Increasing the specialization and division of labor

Google's competitive advantage relies on knowledge workers and innovation. Given that fact, which of the following represents Google's most important inputs

Information, knowledge, and Human Resources

Robert decided to create a web site for buying and selling electronic products and he only recruited people who could provide high-quality, customer friendly service that would appeal most to his internet customers. This shows that Robert is trying to create value at the ___ stage

Input

A core competence in ____ management can allow an organization to quickly discover and respond to customer needs

Marketing

Which of the following functions would be responsible for implementing a just-in-time inventory system

Materials management

In which of the following organizational structures do employees move between teams

Matrix structure

A matrix structure involves ______ vertical control from the formal hierarchy and _____ horizontal control from the use of integrating mechanisms

Minimal; maximal

Which of the following refers to the integration mechanism where a new team of managers is created to coordinate the activities of functions or divisions

Integrating department

A company invited all its employees to a Christmas party. This is an example of a rite of

Integration

Which of the following forces is general environmental factor

Interest rates

A computer company does not have an established sequence of steps for socializing newcomers. Training is tailored to individual needs. Which of the following socialization tactics is this company using

Random

A computer manufacturer use its competences in product design to produce laser printers. Which of the following strategies is being pursued by this company?

Related diversification

According to _____ an organization should minimize its dependence on other organizations for resources and find ways of influencing them to make resources available

Resource dependency theory

Biotechnology companies in Boston have a large pool of high-quality scientists to choose from because of the presence of so many universities in the area. Based on this, we can say that the biotech companies in Boston have a ____ environment

Rich

Rose supervises Iris, who in turn supervises Violet and Daisy. Violet has four subordinates and Daisy has six. Which of the following options represents the accurate spans of control for each of these supervisors

Rose 1. Iris 2. Violet 4, Daisy 6

Which of the following is an output created by an organization

Salaries

Which do the following socialization tactics is most likely to be employed by an organization if it wants to achieve stability and predictability

Sequential, serial, divestiture

What are the advantages of functional structure

Specialization and accountability

An organization's environment will be more uncertain when _______

Specific and general forces in the environment become less interconnected

Managers who are in charge of a specific organizational such as sales or R&D hold a(n) ____ role

Staff

Identify the most "macro" level of analysis

Studying characteristics associated with top performing companies in the finance industry

An organization in which the hierarchy has many levels relative to the size of the organization is a(n)

Tall

It is more difficult to increase the span of control when

Tasks are highly interrelated

A(n) _____ value is a desired end state or outcome that people seek to achieve

Terminal

Which of the following is most likely to be the effect of standardization

The actions of employees become more predictable

As an organization that uses a functional structure grows, ______

The cost of each functions contribution to the development of each product becomes increasingly difficult to measure

Which of the following statements about property rights is true?

The distribution of property rights to different stakeholders determines how effective an organization is

What are disadvantages of the global product -group structure

The necessity of duplication facilities and staff personnel within each division

Under which of the following situations are managers most likely to use functional structure

The organization sells its products to only one major type of customer

Stakeholders will generally participate in an organization if ____

The receiver inducements that exceed the value of the contributions they are required to make

Which of the following core competences is most likely to be used by a company to create value while pursuing unrelated diversification

Too managements ability to efficiently control a group of organizations

The term "teams" specifically refers to to work groups consisting of people from different work areas who are empowered to direct and coordinate different projects

Transactional

The price at which one division in an organization sells a product or information about innovations to another division in the same organization is called _____ price

Transfer

An organization is a tool people use to coordinate their actions to obtain something they desire or value

True

An organization's strategy is a specific pattern of decisions and actions that managers take to use core competencies to achieve a competitive advantage and outperform competitors

True

As companies change from a multimedia to an international, global, or transnational strategy, they require a more complex structure, control system, and culture to coordinate the value-creation activities associated with implementing that strategy

True

Differentiation is the process of establishing and controlling the division of labor in an organization

True

Division of labor and differentiation are high in a complex organization

True

The goal behind the change to a divisional structure is to create smaller, more manageable subunits within an organization

True

The more centralized an organization, the more of a problem communication will be

True

The most important function of organizational structure is to control- that is coordinate and motivate- people within an organization

True

Which of the following statements is true regarding an organization following a low-cost strategy

Typically, low-cost organizations use centralized decision making

Pensions and severance pay are the examples of the property rights given to the

Workforce

Servicing the needs of new kinds of customer groups and tailoring products to suit them are relatively simple in a functional structure

False

The need to coordinate and integrate global activities increases as a company moves from a transnational strategy to a multi domestic strategy

False

Rites of ________ mark an individual's entry to, promotion in, and departure from the organization

passage

Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding a geographic divisional structure

A geographic structure allows some functions to be centralized at one headquarters location and others to be decentralized to a regional level.

Which do these is the best example of non-linearity in a system

A Toyota plant in Malaysia made a change that saved $500 per vehicle. Within six months Toyota had implemented it in all its factories around the world

Which of the following is an example of an official goal

Become a leading producer of a product

Which of the following is an instrumental value

Being frugal

A focus strategy is a(n) ___ strategy

Business-level

Operative goals ____

Can be used to measure how well and organization is managing its environment

Which of these best describes the system of hierarchical reporting relationships in an organization

Chain of command

A ___ is a secret agreement among competitors to share information for a deceitful or illegal purpose

Collusion

What kind of interdependencies exist when organizations need the same scarce inputs and market their products to the same group of potential customers

Competitive

_____ is the process of giving employees throughout the organization the authority to make important decisions and to be responsible for their outcomes

Empowerment

___ is the process by which people recognize opportunities to satisfy needs and then gather and use resources to meet those needs

Entrepreneurship

Which of the following terms refers to the strength, number and interconnectedness of the specific and general forces that an organization has to manage

Environmental complexity

In order to measure organizational effectiveness, an organization uses indicators such as stock price and market share. These indicators show that the organization is using the ___ approach to measure the organizational effectiveness

External resource

A product division structure is more decentralized than a product team structure

False

As compared to a large company, the degree of specialization in a small company is higher

False

Fixed socialization tactics allow newcomers to learn on the job, as members of a team

False

Formalization is more appropriate in environments that require high levels of mutual adjustment

False

Organizations that provide essentially the same goods and services will always have similar organizational cultures

False

A bank has a training program that contains six stages. Newcomers must complete each stage of the training in one month, making the total training time six months. Which of the following socialization tactics is this bank using

Fixed

Compared to a tall organization, one with a flat structure is most likely to experience

Higher bureaucratic costs

____is an integrating mechanism where a specific manager is given responsibility for coordinating with managers from other subunits on behalf of his or her subunit

Liaison role

Which of the following is an adaptive function

Long range planning

Golden parachutes are property rights generally given to the _____

Managers

In effect, ____ are the agents or employees of shareholders

Managers

As the hierarchy of an organization becomes taller:

Managers begin to spend more and more times monitoring and supervising their subordinates

Which of the following organizational structures has a disadvantage of extensive duplication of activities within the organization

Multifunctional structure

People turn around to face the door when they enter an elevator. This behavior is observed although there are no formal rules. This is an example of a(n) ________.

Norm

Which of the following statements is true regarding organizational design

Organizational design is in place, it hinders the process of organizational change

The term refers to the particular range of goods and services that an organization produces, and the customers and the other stakeholders it serves

Organizational domain

These are stakeholders who do not own the organization and are not employed by it, but still have some claim or interest in it

Outside stakeholders

Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of a bureaucratic structure

Over reliance on standard operating procedures

What are the three different types of product structures

Product division structure, multidivisional structure, and product team structure

What are the different types of divisional structures

Product structure, Geographic structure, and market structure

A high level of formalization typically implies _____

centralization of authority

As the number of hierarchical levels increases, ________.

communication problems get progressively worse

The principal purpose of organizational structure is to

control how people coordinate their actions and use resources

KFC specializes in the chicken segment of the fast-food market. This is an example of a ________ strategy.

focus

Which of the following goals set by an organization to measure effectiveness indicates that it is using the external resource approach to measure organizational effectiveness

gain support of stakeholders such as government or environmentalists

The specific environment consists of forces from

outside stakeholder groups that directly affect an organization's ability to secure resources

Competitive advantage is the ability of a company to

outperform another company because its managers are able to create more value from the resources at their disposal

Cultural values of the organization are most likely to be derived from _____

the beliefs of the founders

In which of the following situation, servicing the needs of new kinds of customer groups and tailoring products to suit them are is most likely to be relatively difficult

the organization uses functional structure

A disadvantage of centralization is that _____

the top managers have little time for long-term strategic decision-making