Bio 1 - Chapter 46 Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Which of the following help modify the flow of warm and cold air on the Earth? 1. Earth's movement 2. Earth's oceans 3. movement on the moon 4. the sun 5. Earth's continents

1. Earth's movement 2. Earth's oceans 3. the sun 4. Earth's continents

Select the characteristics that are true about estuaries. 1. Estuaries are nutrient-poor 2. Estuaries have little species diversity 3. Estuaries are biological diverse 4. Estuaries are nutrient-rich

1. Estuaries are nutrient-rich 2. Estuaries are biologically diverse.

Which of the following describes the migration patterns of Canada geese? 1. Geese travel from north of the Arctic Circle 2. Migrations cover 2,000-3,000 miles 3. birds travel up to 650 miles in a single day 4. hundreds of thousands of geese are involved 5. geese travel to south of the tropic of capricorn to overwinter

1. Geese travel from north of the arctic circle 2. birds travel up to 650 miles in a single day 3. migrations cover 2,000-3,000 miles

Select the choices that could be top predators in the coral reef. 1. barracudas 2. sharks 3. sponges 4. sperm whales

1. barracudas 2. sharks

Select the feeding modes of organisms that inhabit the bathypelagic zone? 1. herbivores 2. carnivores 3. photosynthesis 4. scavenger

1. carnivores 2. scavenger

Select the two features primarily used in the classification of biomes. 1. climate 2. plant life 3. geography 4. animal life

1. climate 2. geography

Identify the features of the Arctic tundras climate. 1. hot and dry summers 2. dark much of the year 3. cold winters 4. limited amounts of rainfall

1. dark much of the year 2. cold winters 3. limited amounts of rainfall

List, from top to bottom, the three layers of water in a temperate lake during the summer. 1. thermocline 2. hypolimnion 3. epilimnion

1. epilimnion 2. thermocline 3. hypolimnion

Which of the following contribute to the relatively low nutrient content of tropical rain forest soil? 1. low plant species diversity 2. high amount of herbivory 3. small amount of leaf litter reaching forest floor

1. high amount of herbivory 2. small amount of leaf litter reaching forest floor

Identify the features associated with the climate of a temperate grassland. 1. Excessive amounts of rainfall 2. hot and dry summers 3. extremely cold winters

1. hot and dry summers 2. extremely cold winters

Identify the three variables that organisms living on the abyssal plain have to deal with. 1. intense sunlight 2. limited food 3. intense pressure 4. extreme cold

1. intense pressure 2. extreme cold 3. limited food

Identify the features of the chaparral biome. 1. The biome is highly flammable 2. Wet, rainy most of the year 3. Lacks any type of understory

1. lacks any type of understory 2. the biome is highly flammable

List these lake life zones from surface to bottom. 1. profundal 2. limnetic 3. benthic

1. limnetic 2. profundal 3. benthic

Match the life zone on the left with an example of an organism that could be found in that particular life zone on the right. 1. profundal 2. littoral 3. benthic 4. limnetic A. minnows B. wading birds C. catfish D. worms

1. littoral - wading birds 2. limnetic - minnows 3. profundal - catfish 4. benthic - worms

Which of the following seasonal adaptations are found in animals of the grasslands? 1. forward projecting incisors 2. digestive system capable of breaking down cellulose 3. migration 4. hibernation

1. migration 2. hibernation

Identify the characteristics of a temperate deciduous forests. 1. moderate climate 2. nutrient poor soils 3. relatively high rainfall

1. moderate climate 2. relatively high rainfall

Identify the three examples of estuaries. 1. mudflats 2. mangrove swamps 3. rocky shores 4. wetlands

1. mudflats 2. mangrove swamps 3. rocky shores

Which of the following are locations where coniferous forests are found? 1. northwest coastal United States 2. eastern South America 3. near mountain tops 4. the taiga

1. northwest coastal United States 2. near mountain tops 3. the taiga

Identify the features that characterize permafrost. 1. nutrient rich soil 2. top layer of soil thaws 3. permanently frozen soil 4. minimal drainage of water

1. permanently frozen soil 2. minimal drainage of water 3. top layer of soil thaws

Identify the organisms that can be found in the epipelagic zone. 1. zooplankton 2. whales 3. corals 4. phytoplankton

1. phytoplankton 2. zooplankton 3. whales

Identify the features of the temperate rain forest. 1. large amounts of snow 2. plentiful rainfall 3. rich soil 4. dry summers

1. plentiful rainfall 2. rich soil

The main two types of aquatic ecosystems are ___________ and ___________. 1. deep water 2. saltwater 3. brackfish 4. shallow water 5. freshwater

1. saltwater 2. freshwater

Identify the organisms that can be found on the abyssal plain. 1. sea cucumbers 2. staghorn coral 3. sea lillies 4. sea urchins

1. sea cucumbers 2. sea lillies 3. sea urchins

Which of the following are typical tundra plants? 1. sedges 2. trees 3. mosses 4. grasses

1. sedges 2. grasses 3. mosses

Which of the following are animals that could be found in tropical rain forests? 1. snakes 2. monkeys 3. elk 4. jaguars 5. lemurs 6. sloths

1. snakes 2. monkeys 3. jaguars 4. lemurs 5. sloths

Which features are found in desert dwelling plants? 1. store water in their stem 2. produce leaves during the wet season 3. long succulent stems 4. shed leaves during the dry season

1. store water in their stem 2. produces leaves during the wet season 3. shed leaves during the dry season

Identify the two terms that can be used for the coniferous forest located south of the tundra. 1. deciduous 2. boreal 3. taiga

1. taiga 2. boreal

Which of the following influence the distribution of biomes? 1. number of different species 2. Earth's rotation 3. resource abundance 4. temperature 5. precipitation

1. temperature 2. precipitation

Identify the three events that occur during the spring overturn. 1. the cool epilimnion water sinks 2. the water temperature is stratified 3. the warm hypolimnion water rises 4. the water temperature is uniform

1. the water temperature is uniform 2. the water temperature is stratified 3. the cool epilimnion water sinks

Place the sequence of events associated with slash-and-burn agriculture in order, beginning with the first event at the top. 1. Forest is allowed to regrow and a new section of forest is cut down. 2. vegetation is burned 3. crops are planted and harvested 4. trees are felled

1. trees are felled 2. vegetation is burned 3. crops are planted and harvested 4. forest is allowed to regrow and a new section of forest is cut down

Arrange the following biomes in order from the equator at the top to the poles at the bottom. 1. tropical rain forests 2. coniferous forest 3. tundra 4. temperate deciduous forest

1. tropical rain forests 2. temperate deciduous forest 3. coniferous forest 4. tundra

Identify the features of shrubs. 1. leaves coated with a waxy material 2. woody, persistent stems 3. leaves that drop seasonally 4. thick underground roots

1. wood, persistent stems 2. leaves coated with a waxy material 3. thick underground roots

Each hemisphere has _________ large circulation cells of wind. 1. 4 2. 3 3. 2 4. 5

3

What percent of the Earth's species are believed to be found in the tropical rain forests? 1. 25% 2. 72% 3. 50% 4. 89%

50%

The northward ocean current that flows along the west coast of South America is called the ______________ current. 1. Gulf 2. Humboldt 3. Polar

Humboldt

Which side of a mountain range has more rainfall? 1. Leeward 2. Windward

Windward

Temperate gradients vary predictably through different biomes as you increase in latitude and _______________.

altitude

The biome located just south of the ice-covered polar seas in the Northern Hemisphere is the _______________ ___________________.

arctic tundra

Which biome is characterized by lichens, mosses and permanently frozen ground? 1. savanna 2. grassland 3. arctic tundra

arctic tundra

The organisms at the base of the food chain in a hydrothermal vent ecosystem are chemoautotrophic _______________.

bacteria

The increase in the concentration of pollution as it moves from one level to the next in a food chain is called _______________. 1. biomagnification 2. eutrophication 3. accumulation

biomagnification

A wetlands that is characterized by acidic waters, peat deposit and sphagnum moss is called a _____________.

bog

A particular regions _______________ consists of the prevailing weather conditions for that region.

climate

the temperate rain forests in the United States and Canada contain primarily _____________ trees. 1. coniferous 2. deciduous 3. tropical

coniferous

Areas of warm, shallow, tropical marine waters which are areas of biological abundance are known as ______________. 1. mudflats 2. coral reefs 3. estuaries 4. intertidal zones

coral reefs

The steady flow of water within an ocean is called an ocean ______________. 1. gradient 2. current 3. tide

current

In the hypolimnion of a stratified lake, the process of ____________ uses oxygen and releases nutrients. 1. cellular respiration 2. photosynthesis 3. decomposition 4. fermentation

decomposition

During the summer, which layer of a temperate lake will contain high levels of oxygen? 1. hypolimnion 2. epilimnion 3. thermocline

epilimnion

Plants that grow on other plants and absorb nutrients from the air are called _______________.

epiphytes

The transition zone where fresh water mixes with salt water is called a(n) ___________________.

estuary

Which environment would subject organisms to constant mixing of waters and rapid changes in pH? 1. estuary 2. river 3. open ocean 4. freshwater lake

estuary

The ocean zone that contains the greatest concentration of organisms is called the ______________ zone.

euphotic

A nutrient-rich lake is termed _______________ and a nutrient-poor lake is termed __________________. 1. bogs, eutrophic 2. oligotrophic, swamp 3. eutrophic oligotrophic

eutrophic; oligotrophic

A large input of nutrients into a body of water is known as ____________. 1. overturn 2. eutrophication 3. biomagnification

eutrophication

Precipitation is greatest near the equator because higher solar radiation causes water to ______________ from the oceans.

evaporate

true/false India's monsoon climate begins because the land is cooler than the water of the Indian Ocean.

false

The components of brackish water include ________________ and ______________ water.

fresh; salt

In which direction does the Gulf Stream flow? 1. from the caribbean to the arctic 2. from the caribbean to western europe 3. from western europe to the caribbean

from the caribbean to western europe

A biome characterized by rainfall between 25 to 75 cm/yr, grazing animals, and warm summers is called a ________________.

grassland

Mice, prairie dogs, and rabbits are small mammals that live in ecosystems called temperate _____________.

grasslands

Deserts occur at regions of ________________ atmospheric pressure. 1. medium 2. low 3. high

high

What amount of rainfall will a region receive if it has low pressure? 1. low 2. high 3. moderate

high

Which region of the ocean will contain water that can reach 350 degrees C? 1. coral reef 2. abyssmal plain 3. hydrothermal vent

hydrothermal vent

In the United States, the lake effect ___________ the amount of snowfall over cities south of the Great Lakes. 1. increases 2. decreases

increases

The area in a marine environment that lies between the upper and lower reaches of the tide is called the ______________ zone. 1. limnetic 2. littoral 3. profundal 4. intertidal 5. benthic

intertidal

A body of fresh water that can be classified by its nutrient status is called a ______________.

lake

Which type of wetland is continually inundated by water and dominated by rushes and reeds? 1. swamp 2. marsh 3. bog

marsh

Many species of zooplankton, invertebrates, and fishes migrate from the _____________ zone to the ocean's surface to feed at night. 1. mesopelagic 2. abyssal 3. bathypelagic

mesopelagic

The climate, in India and southern Asia, that is caused by wet ocean winds that blow onshore for almost half the year is called a ________________.

monsoon

What benefit do corals gain from associating with algae? 1. protection from predators 2. nutrients from photosynthesis 3. production of CO2

nutrients from photosynthesis

The mixing process that occurs in the fall is stratified lake is called fall _____________. 1. eutrophication 2. overturn 3. turnover

overturn

The mixing process that occurs in the spring in a stratified lake is called spring _____________.

overturn

most of the ocean's volume is in the ____________ zone. 1. littoral 2. profundal 3. pelagic 4. benthic 5. intertidal

pelagic

The permanently frozen ground of a tundra biome is called ________________.

permafrost

The minute, photosynthetic algae that make up the producer base of a lake ecosystem are called _________________.

phytoplankton

Which level of the rain forest is the most productive? 1. plants that make up the canopy layer 2. plants that make up the middle layer 3. plants found on the forest floor

plants that make up the canopy layer

The diagram is showing the ________________. 1. rain shadow effect 2. mountain range effect 3. beginning of the monsoon 4. water cycle

rain shadow effect

The most characteristic group of vertebrates found in the deserts are the ____________. 1. bison 2. antelopes 3. reptiles 4. amphibians

reptiles

The curving pattern of winds, ocean currents, and cyclones is a result of the fact that the Earth _____________. 1. is covered in atmosphere 2. is spherical 3. is tilted 4. rotates

rotates

What plant species dominates the northern shrubland west of the Rocky Mountains? 1. orchids 2. goldenrod 3. juniper 4. sagebrush

sagebrush

An African grassland biome characterized by few trees and a severe dry season is a(n) ________________.

savanna

Elephants and giraffes are found in grasslands called ____________. 1. savannas 2. pampas 3. prairies 4. steppes

savannas

The leeward side of a mountain barrier that tends to be much drier than the windward side is said to be in the rain _______________.

shadow

Which biome is characterized by dry summers and receiving most of their rainfall during the winter? 1. tropical rain forest 2. savanna 3. shrubland

shrubland

Identify the herbivore found in a temperate deciduous forest. 1. Salamanders 2. Snapping turtles 3. Squirrels

squirrels

Which wetland has constant water and is dominated by woody plants or shrubs? 1. bog 2. swamp 3. estuary 4. lake

swamp

The biome indicated on the map has coniferous forests. It is the ______________. 1. arctic tundra 2. temperate forest 3. taiga

taiga

The coniferous rain forests found along the west coast of Canada and the United States are called __________________ rain forests.

temperate

Tall-grass prairies are also known as the ______________ biome. 1. deciduous forest 2. taiga 3. temperate grassland

temperate grassland

Climate is primarily determined by ______________ and ______________.

temperature; rainfall

Seasons occur in the northern and southern hemispheres because the Earth is: 1. covered in atmosphere 2. rotating 3. tilted 4. spherical

tilted

The physical features of the land that help determine the climate are called its _________________.

topography

The wind patterns that move from the northeast to the west in the Northern Hemisphere are called the ________________. 1. prevailing westerlies 2. polar easterlies 3. trade winds

trade winds

true/false Desert biomes have hot days, but cool nights.

true

true/false Montane coniferous forests are found on mountains.

true

The upward movement of deep, nutrient-rich water along a coast, due to surface winds is called ________________.

upwelling

Areas that are wet for at least part of the year are called _______________.

wetlands

Tiny, floating animals, found in aquatic ecosystems, that feed on phytoplankton are called __________________.

zooplankton