BIO 130 Exam 1c

Which of the following is the smallest in size? A) an electron B) a proton C) a molecule D) an atom E) a cation

A) an electron

Glycoproteins and proteoglycans are combinations of proteins and A) carbohydrates. D) nucleic acids. C) fatty acids. D) lipids. B) Ions.

A) carbohydrates.

Large polar molecules such as glucose or amino acids enter the cell though A) carrier proteins B) osmosis C) the lipid bilayer D) binding to cholesterol E) channels

A) carrier proteins

The potential difference across the cell membrane, or transmembrane potential is due to the separation of A) cations and anions or charged proteins B) protein and carbohydrate molecules. C) water molecules. D) vitamins and hormones. E) carbohydrate molecules.

A) cations and anions or charged proteins

The cass of lipids that is derived from arachidonic acid that is used for cell to cell signaling is the A) eicosanoids. B) monoglycerides. C) steroids. D) glycolipids. E) Phospholipids.

A) eicosanoids.

Catalytic proteins used to accelerate chemical reactions in the body are called A) enzymes. B) activators. C) cytozymes. D) cytochromes. E) cofactiors.

A) enzymes.

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion in that A) facilitated diffusion involves carrier molecules. B) the rate of molecular movement is not limited by the number of available carrier molecules. C) facilitated diffusion never eliminates the concentration gradient. D) facilitated diffusion moves molecules from an area of their higher concentration to their lower concentration. E) facilitated diffusion expends no ATP.

A) facilitated diffusion involves carrier molecules.

The stored energy that could put matter into motion is called A) potential energy B) kinetic energy C) mass D) plasma E) rotational energy

A) potential energy

Which of the following structures is lateral to the sternum (breast bone)? A) ribs B) head C) knee D) pubic region E) all of the above

A) ribs

Which of the following is not a function of protein? A) storage of genetic information B) transport C) movement D) metabolic regulation E) support

A) storage of genetic information

The creation of lysosomes le a function of the A) mitochondria. B) Golgi apparatus C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum. D) peroxisomes. E) ribosomes.

B) Golgi apparatus

Which of the following anatomical regions of the abdominopelvic cavity would be closest to a rib? A) Epigastric region B) Right hypochondriac region C) Umbilical region D) Hypogastric region E) Left inguinal region

B) Right hypochondriac region

Molecules that dissociate in solution to release hydrogen ions are called A) buffers. B) acids. A salts. D) electrolytes. E) bases.

B) acids.

Two or more tissues working together to perform several functions is called A) a molecule B) an organ C) an organ system D) a tissue E) an organelle

B) an organ

A molecule that consists of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio is a A) lipid B) carbohydrate C) nucleic acid D) protein E) all of the above

B) carbohydrate

Which of the following regions corresponds to the wrist? A) cervical B) carpal C) brachial D) manual E) inguninal

B) carpal

The ankle is ________ to the knee. A) horizontal B) distal C) proximal D) medial E) lateral

B) distal

Chemical reactions that require an input of energy, such as heat, are said to be A) at equilibrium. B) endergonic. C) activated. D) exergonic. E) neutral.

B) endergonic.

Which of the following regions corresponds to the thigh? A) sural B) femoral C) crural D) brachial E) inguninal

B) femoral

The sum of all chemical reactions in living organisms are collectively called A) digestion. B) metabolism. C) secretion. D) respiration. E) excretion.

B) metabolism.

If a pair of electrons is equally shared between two atoms, a(n) ___________ occurs. A) hydrogen bond B) non polar covalent bond C) triple covalent bond D) double covalent bond E) polar covalent bond

B) non polar covalent bond

The movement of water across a membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration is known as A) diffusion. B) osmosis. C) filtration. D) facilitated transport. E) active transport.

B) osmosis.

Vesicles containing enzymes that neutralize free radicals generated by metabolism are A) lysosomes. B) peroxisomes C) proteasomes. D) endosomes. E) centrosomes.

B) peroxisomes

Proteins have very complex shapes. Interactions between multiple globular or fibrous folded polypeptide chains result in which type of structure? A) primary B) quatemary C) secondary D) pentagonal E) tertiary

B) quatemary

Atoms with only partially fall valence shells are A) inert. B) reactive. C) radioactive. D) isotopes. E) all of the above.

B) reactive.

The general term for a uniform mixture of two or more substances is a A) buffer. B) solution. C) neutralization. D) colloid. E) suspension.

B) solution.

RNA molecules are formed by a process called A) replication B) transcription C) endocytosis D) translation E) chemical synthesis

B) transcription

The process of protein formation is called A transcription. B) translation. C) ribolation. D) replication. E) mitosis.

B) translation.

Arrange the following list of levels of organization from the smallest level to the largest level. 1. tissue 2. cell 3. organ 4. organelle 5. organism 6. organ system 1) 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 5 B) 2, 4, 1, 3, 6, 5 C) 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5 D) 4, 2, 3, 1, 6, 5 E) 2, 1, 4, 3, 5, 6

C) 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5

A DNA nucleotide consists of A) a deoxyribose sugar and phosphate group. B) a ribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. C) a deoxyribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. D) a deoxyribose sugar and a nitrogenous base. B) a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base.

C) a deoxyribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.

A polysaccharide that is formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is A) glycogen. B) sucrose. C) cellulose. D) starch. E) fructose.

C) cellulose.

According to the rules of complementary base pairing, a nucleotide containing the base guanine would pair with a nucleotide containing the base A) uracil. B) guanine. C) cytosine. D) adenine. E) thymine.

C) cytosine.

The study of the structure of tissues is called A) microbiology. B) gross anatomy. C) histology. D) cytology. E) organology.

C) histology.

Crenation occurs when a blood cell is placed in a(n) ___________ solution. A) isotonic B) homotonic C) hypertonic D) hypotonic E) merotonic

C) hypertonic

The parts of the cytoskeleton that strengthen the cell and maintain the position of the organelles are the A) microtubules. B) basal bodies. C) intermediate filaments. D) microfilaments. E) thick filaments.

C) intermediate filaments.

In the mitochondria, folds are to cristae as the open center containing fluid is to A) basal body. B) microvilli. C) matrix. D) actin. E) cytosol

C) matrix.

The cellalar control center that houses the genetic material is the A) ribosome. B) mitochondria. C) nudeus. D) Golgi apparatus. B) endoplasmic reticulum.

C) nudeus.

Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of proteins that are to be exported out of the cell? A) smooth endoplasmic reticulum B) mitochondria C) rough endoplasmic reticulum D) Golgi apparatus B) nucleoli

C) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Lipid metabolism takes place at the A) rough endoplasmic reticulum. B) mitochondria. C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum. D) Golgi apparatus. E) ribosomes.

C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

The nose is ___________ to the mouth. A) posterior B) inferior C) superior D) medial E) anterior

C) superior

The muscle known as the diaphragm separates the _________ from the __________. A) pearal cavity: mediastinum B) pericardial sac; pericandial cavity C) thoracic cavity, abdominopelvic cavity D) abdominal cavity; pelvic cavity E) pericardial cavity; pleural cavity

C) thoracic cavity, abdominopelvic cavity

A cut that passes through the body dividing the body into superior and inferior sections is known as a A) coronal section B) sagittal section C) transverse section D) frontal section E) eqilateral section

C) transverse section

In a gene, if the coding strand of DNA had the sequence ATTGCGATGCTAGTTCAA what would be the sequence of the mRNA? A) ATTGCGATGCTAGTICAA B UUUGCGUUGCUUGUUCUU C) TAACGCTACGATCAAGTT D) AUUGCGAUGCUAGUUCAA E) UAACCUACGAUCAAGUU

D) AUUGCGAUGCUAGUUCAA

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all living things? A) Differentiation B) Growth C) Movement D) All of the above E) None of the above

D) All of the above

Assume the following is in frame from the start codon. What would be the order of amino acids for an mRNA molecule with the sequence CAGACGAUCAGU? A) GUCUCUTGUCA B) CAGACGATGAGT C) THR-Gln-Tyr-Asp D) GIn-Thr-Ile-Ser E) There is no way to tell

D) GIn-Thr-Ile-Ser

Which one of the following statements is not correct about the reaction H2 + C12 → 2 HCI? A) H2 and Cl2 are the reactants / substrates. B) One molecule of hydrogen contains 2 atoms. C)HCl is the product. D) One Cl is lost in the reaction. E) Two molecules of HCl are formed in the reaction.

D) One Cl is lost in the reaction.

Components of the plasma membrane include A) phospholipids B) proteins C) carbohydrates D) all of the above E) none of the above

D) all of the above

Lipids A) are used for cellular communication. B) form essential membrane components of cells. C) provide roughly twice the energy as carbohydrates. D) all of the above E) none of the above

D) all of the above

Which of the following are important for homeostatic regulation? A) autoregulation B) endocrine regulation C) nervous regulation D) all of the above E) none of the above

D) all of the above

Which of the following are true concerning enzymes? A) Easymes are usually controlled by cofactors and coenzymes. B) Enzymes have saturation limits. C) Enzymes show specificity D) all of the above are true E) none of the abore are true

D) all of the above are true

An element is A) all atoms with the same atomic number B) all atoms with the same number of protons C) all atoms that are the same type of matter D) all of the above. E) none of the above

D) all of the above.

DNA polymerase A) synthesizes new DNA during the S phase. B) adds nucelotides to the 3' end of a growing DNA molecule. C) generates new DNA as Okasaki fragments on the lagging strand. D) all of the above. E) none of the above.

D) all of the above.

The smallest units of matter are A) protons. B) electrons. C) neutrons. D) atoms. E) molecules.

D) atoms.

A substance containing atoms of two or more different elements that are bonded together is called a(n) A) mole. B) isotope. C) mixture. D) compound. E) solution.

D) compound.

The maintenance of a constant and optimal internal environment in an organism is termed A) negative feedback. B) integration. C) effector control. D) homeostasis. E) positive feedback.

D) homeostasis.

The cell or organ that gives direction to the effector to oppose or enhance the stimulus during homeostatic regulation is called the A) effector B) regulator C) receptor D) integration center E) homeostator

D) integration center

The centrosome is important for A) transcription B) crenation C) plasmolysis D) mitosis E) translation

D) mitosis

A layer of serous membrane that covers the inside surface of a body cavity is called A visceral serosa B) viscera C) retroperitoneal D) parietal serosa E) mediastinum

D) parietal serosa

The serous membrane that surrounds the heart is the A) mediastinum B) peritoneum C) pleura D) pericardium E) viscera

D) pericardium

A regulation mechanism where the effector acts to enhance the stimulus to overcome a threat or stress is called A) integration B) metabolic regulation C) negative feedback D) positive feedback E) effector feedback

D) positive feedback

AB → A + B is to decomposition as A + B → AB is to A) replacement. B) combustion. C) exchange. D) synthesis. E) metabolism.

D) synthesis.

During this phase of cell division, the chromosomes uncoil, the nuclear membrane forms, and cytokinesis may occur. A) metaphase B) anaphase C) interphase D) telophase E) prophase

D) telophase

Most of the fat found in the human body is in the form of A) monoglycerides. B) prostaglandins. C) steroids. D) triglycerides. E) phospholipids.

D) triglycerides.

Which of the following substances would be least acidie? A) tomato juice, pH = 4 B) stomach secretions, pH = 1 C) white wine, pH = 3 D) urine, pH = 6 E) lemon juice, pH = 2

D) urine, pH = 6

The atomic mass of an atom can be determined by counting the number of A) protons B) neutrons C) ions D) all of the above E) A and B only

E) A and B only

Which of the following is an example of an inorganic molecule? A) H2O B) NaCI C) C6H12O6 D) All of the above E) A and B only

E) A and B only

The sodium-potassium exchange the pump uses ATP to pump Na† out of the cell and K† into the cell establishing a high concentration of potassium but low concentration of sodium inside the cell. This is an example of A) endocytosis. B) facilitated diffusion. C) osmosis. D) exocytosis. E) active transport.

E) active transport.

The most important high energy compound in cells is A) ribonucleic acid. B) adenosine monophosphate. C) adenosine diphosphate. D) deoxyribonucleic acid. E) adenosine triphosphate.

E) adenosine triphosphate.

The giycocalyx is important for A) self recognition B) anchoring and locomotion C) osmotic stability D) both B and C E) both A and B

E) both A and B

The plasma membrane of a eukaryotic cell functions to A) separate the cytoplasm from the extracellular fluid. B) regulate the exchange of materials with the extracellular environment. C) generate energy: D) both B and C. E) both A and B

E) both A and B

Water is essential to life becasue A) it is very reactive. B) it has a low heat capacity. C) it is a good solvent. D) both A and B. E) both A and C

E) both A and C

Which of the following terms can refer to the head region or end of the body? A) cranial B) dorsal C) caudal D) cephalic E) both A and D

E) both A and D

Which of the following regions corresponds to the shin (front of leg)? A) sural B) femoral C) brachial D) inguninal E) crural

E) crural

The specialization of cells to perform particular functions is called A) growth B) reponsiveness C) reproduction D) metabolism E) differentiation

E) differentiation

The packaging ofintracelular materials in a vesicte to export at the coll surface is called A) diffusion. B) endocytosis. C) facilitated transport. D) osmosis. E) exocy tosis.

E) exocy tosis.

Cilia move a fluid medium across the surface of cells. What moves a cell through a fluid medium? A) endoplasmic reticulum B) centrioles C) thick filaments D) ribosomes E) flagella

E) flagella

Molecules that are not soluble in water are said to be A) hydration spheres. B) polar covalent molecules. C) lubricating. D) hydrophilic. E) hydrophobic.

E) hydrophobic.

The bond that forms between a cation and an anion is called an A) hydrogen band. B) polar covalent bond. C) covalent bond. D) electrostatic bond. E) ionic bond.

E) ionic bond.

Defense against infection and disease and fluid collection are the functions of the A) cardiovascular B) urinary C) respiratory D) endocrine E) lymphatic

E) lymphatic

Vesides responsible for the breakdown of large molecules or cellular structures are the A) centrosomes. B) endosomes. C) peroxisomes. D toxisomes. E) lysosomes.

E) lysosomes.

Each amino acid differs from another in the A) number of central carbon atoms. B) number of peptide bonds in the molecule. C) size of the amino group. D) number of carboxyl groups. E) nature of the R group.

E) nature of the R group.

The small repeating structures of DNA wound around histone proteins found in the cell nucleus are A) chromosomes. B) nucleoplasm. C) histones. D) mitochondria. E) nucleosomes.

E) nucleosomes.

The type of bond that is formed between two amino acids is a(n) A) alpha bond B) polypeptide C) protein bond D) ionic bond E) peptide bond

E) peptide bond

Which of the following regions corresponds to the sole of the foot? A) pedal B) tarsal C) manual D) femoral E) plantar

E) plantar

A change in one base of the DNA is called a A) insertion mutation B) deletion mutation C) apoptosis D) gene activation E) point mutaton

E) point mutaton

As each codon arrives at the active site of a ribosome, it interacts with another molecule that has an anticodon. This molecule with the anticodon is called A) mRNA. B) DNA. C) ribosomal RNA. D) rough ER. E) tRNA.

E) tRNA.

The mediastinum separates the _________ from the __________. A) thoracic cavity; peritoneal cavity B) pericardial sac; pericardial cavity C) abdominal cavity; pelvic cavity D) pleural cavity; coelom E)right pleural cavity; left pleural cavity

E)right pleural cavity; left pleural cavity

A person laying face down with hands at the sides is in the A) frontal position. B) sagittal position. C) prone position. D) supine position. E) physiological position.

C) prone position.

The ventral body cavity contains the A) pelvic cavity B) thoracic body cavity C) abdominal cavity D) all of the above E) none of the above

D) all of the above

Tubulin is to microtubules as actin is to A) flagella. B) ribosomes. C) intermediate filaments. D) microvilli. E) microfilaments.

E) microfilaments.