BIO 1406 Exam 2
For the following characteristics please indicate which ones include those that are unique to eukaryotic organisms ie. not found in prokaryotes. a. has cytosol b. large 10-100um c. histone proteins d. ribosomes e. endoplasmic reticulum f. DNA in a loop g. plants
b, c, e, and g (large 10-100um, histone proteins, endoplasmic reticulum, and plants)
Which molecule contains a sulfhydryl functional group? a. H-H-H-C-N-H-H b. H-H-H-C-SH c. H-H-H-C-H-H-C-C-H=O d. H-H-H-C-O-P=O-O-O e. H-H-H-C-H-H-C-OH
b. (H-H-H-C-SH)
Which molecule is a thiol? a. H-H-H-C-N-H-H b. H-H-H-C-SH c. H-H-H-C-H-H-C-C-H=O d. H-H-H-C-O-P=O-O-O e. H-H-H-C-H-H-C-OH
b. (H-H-H-C-SH)
Which is a carbonyl functional group? a. -OH b. O=C c. O=C-O-H d. -NH2 E. -SH
b. (O=C)
Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water? a. they are hydrophilic b. the majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages c. the majority of their bonds are polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages d. they are lighter than water
b. (The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.)
In the cytoskeleton these are the thickest of the three components, typically in cell maintenance of cell shape, chromosome movement and organelle movements. a. centromeres b. microtubules c. intermediate filaments d. microfilaments e. flagella
b. (microtubules)
The two molecules shown above are best described as a. nonradioactive isotopes b. structural isomers c. optical isomers d. geometric isomers e. radioactive isotopes
b. (structural isomers)
If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine? a. 10 b. 20 c. 40 d. 80 e. impossible to tell from the information given
c. (40)
nucleic acids are comprised of the following elements, a. CHOP b. CHON c. CHONP d. the correct combination is not given e. CHO
c. (CHONP)
Which is a carboxyl functional group? a. -OH b. O=C c. O=C-O-H d. -NH2 E. -SH
c. (O=C-O-H)
Which is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H+ into a solution? a. -OH b. O=C c. O=C-O-H d. -NH2 E. -SH
c. (O=C-O-H)
Which term includes all others in the list? a. polysaccharide b. disaccharide c. carbohydrate d. monosaccharide
c. (carbohydrate)
The function of each protein is a consequence of its specific shape. What is the term used for a change in protein's three-dimensional shape or conformation due to disruption of hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges, or ionic bonds? a. stabilization b. destabilization c. denaturation d. hydrolosis
c. (denaturation)
What makes one amino acid different from another? a. different asymmetric carbons b. different amino groups attached to an alpha c. different side chains (R groups) attached to an alpha carbon d. different carboxyl groups attached to an alpha carbo
c. (different side chains (R groups) attached to an alpha carbon)
The correct term for when a cell engulfs another cell is: a. pinocytosis b. hydrolysis c. phagocytosis d. lysis e. autophagy
c. (phagocytosis)
Description: these structures are double membrane and are the site of photosynthesis.
chloroplast
Microfilaments, in muscle cells contain the following proteins a. tuberin and slidin b. actin and dynein c. dynein and myosin d. myosin and actin
d. (myosin and actin)
A desmosome is best compared to an a. boss- managing the contents of the cell b. tow cable- dragging organelles along c. sword- splicing connections between cells d. none of these e. trash truck- cleaning the cell of unwanted/damaged parts
d. (none of these)
What is the branch of science dedicated to the study of compunds containing carbon? a. biology b. carbonists c. physical chemistry d. organic chemistry e. carbonics
d. (organic chemistry)
A(n) ___ is a biological catalyst speeding up reactions, and not consumed by them.
enzyme
All fat is bad. true or false
false
In a membrane the outside of the membrane is hydrophobic and the inside is hydrophilic. true or false
false
In nature, chiton is found only in the anthropods. true or false
false
Mechanism, the study that phenomenon are governed by physical and chemical laws has been proven false by science. true or false
false
This molecule is most likely a liquid at room temperature. true or false
false
Description: These structures are made of rRNA and protein carry out protein synthesis and be found free in the cytoplasm or bound another structure or the nuclear envelope.
ribosomes
Which microscope would be best at viewing the surface area of a specimen, getting good 3D images?
scanning electron microscope
A diet rich in this type of molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis. true or false
true
Cilia and flagella are controlled by microtubules driven by a dynein motor protein. true or false
true
Hand sections of specimens are cheap, easy, but specimens aren't as "nice". true or false
true
In nature you could find cellulose in plants. true or false
true
Description: These structures are made of flattened sacs with a cis and trans face used for warehousing, recieving, sorting, and shipping of materials in the cell.
Golgi apparatus
For the following characteristics please indicate which ones include those that are unique to animals ie. not found in plants. a. flagella b. centrioles c. plastids d. plasma membrane e. chromosomes f. cell wall g. plasmodesmata
a and b (flagella and centrioles)
Fats are made up of which of the following, check all that apply a. fatty acids b. glycerol c. nucleic acids d. hydrocarbons
a, b, and d (fatty acids, glycerol, and hydrocarbons)
Which of the following characteristics are DNA specific characteristics (please check all that apply) a. features the bases G, T, A, and C b. found only in the nucleus c. double-stranded d. sugar is missing an oxygen e. found both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm f. features the bases G, U, A, and C g. single-stranded
a, b, c, and d (features the bases G, T, A, and C , found only in the nucleus, double-stranded, sugar is missing oxygen)
Which of the following are the four classes of biological molecules? a. nucleic acids b. RNA c. carbohydrates d. sucroses e. proteins f. lipids g. DNA h. cholesterols
a, c, e, and f (nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids)
Which is a hydroxyl functional group? a. -OH b. O=C c. O=C-O-H d. -NH2 E. -SH
a. (-OH)
A DNA molecule has the secuence of bases 5' ATT GCA GGC TAG 3', pleace convert this into a complementary strand of DNA. a. 3' TAA CGT CCG ATC 5' b. 5' ATT GCA GGC TAG 3' c. 5' TAA CGT CCG ATC 3' d. 3' ATT GCA GGC TAG 5'
a. (3' TAA CGT CCG ATC 5')
Which molecule contains an amino functional group, but is not an amino acid? a. H-H-H-C-N-H-H b. H-H-H-C-SH c. H-H-H-C-H-H-C-C-H=O d. H-H-H-C-O-P=O-O-O e. H-H-H-C-H-H-C-OH
a. (H-H-H-C-N-H-H)
Which scientist was the first to see the cell walls, by observing sections of oak bark? a. Hooke b. van Leeuwenhoek c. Darwin d. James Microscope
a. (Hooke)
Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides? a. a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar b. a phosphate group and an adenine or uracil c. a pentose sugar and a puine or pyrimidine d. a nitrogenous base and a pentose sugar e. a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group
a. (a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar)
Which of the following is not a function of proteins? a. insulation b. movement c. defense against foreign substances d. transport
a. (insulation)
The element nitrogen is present in all of the following except a. monosaccharides b. DNA c. amino acids d. nucleic acids e. proteins
a. (monosaccharides)
which bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein? a. peptide bonds b. hydrogen bonds c. disulfide bonds d. phosphodiester bonds
a. (peptide bonds)
In a plant cell the layer that is between a membrane, adding additional protection and support; not found in all plant cells. a. secondary cell wall b. primary cell wall c. middle lammella d. plasmodesmata
a. (secondary cell wall)