Bio 201A session 9 quiz (endocrine system) (LJG)
Both synergism and permissiveness can increase the effect of a hormone.
True
Parathyroid hormone reflexively increases secretion of parathyroid hormone in response to an increase in blood calcium levels.
False
Protein hormones that contain lipid molecules can be classified as a glycoprotein hormones.
False
Steroid hormones tend to generate a rapid response in their target cells.
False
Which of the following statements is not true of the thyroid gland?
It is located in the mediastinum of the chest.
Chemically, steroid hormones are derived from the cholesterol molecule.
True
Examples of a steroid hormones are cortisol, aldosterone, and testosterone.
True
Glucocorticoids stimulate the conversion of protein to sugar.
True
Hormones can be classified based on their chemical structure, their location, or their function.
True
Hypocalcemia may be a cause of muscle spasms.
True
Auctocrine hormones have to travel further to reach their target cell than do paracrine hormones.
False
Cells make prostaglandins by breaking apart triglyceride molecules.
False
Endocrine glands are located either in the head or neck.
False
Going from superficial to deep, the layers of the adrenal cortex are zona glomerulosa, zona reticularis, and zona fasciculata.
False
The amino acid tyrosine is used to produce epinephrine and the hormones made in the thymus gland.
False
The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior surface of the thymus gland.
False
The most widely used method of hormone classification is by location in the body.
False.
Insulin and glucagon affect the body's use of ___.
Glucose
Synergism in hormone activity can be defined as:
two hormones working together to enhance each other's impact on a target cell
human chorionic gonadotropin is produced by the ___.
Placenta
Diabetics produce an excessive amount of insulin.
False
What is the major hormone produced by the corpus luteum?
Progesterone
The compound that is referred to as a tissue hormones is ___.
Prostaglandin
Which hormones are produced by the hypothalamus to control the adenohypophysis?
Releasing hormones
Hormones may be ___.
All of the above are correct.
Which of the following is true of insulin?
All of the above are true of insulin.
Which is not true about the testes?
All of the above are true of the testes.
When a hormone attaches to a target cell, which of the following can occur?
All of the above can occur.
Which of the following statements is false?
All of the above statements are true.
The production of thyroid hormone is stimulated by another hormone from the __.
Anterior pituitary
What of the following statements is not true?
Aspirin produces some of its effects by increasing PGE synthesis.
Endocrine glands may be made up of ___.
Both A and B are correct.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system?
Chemical messenger travels a short distance.
The common molecule from which all steroid hormones are derived is ___.
Cholesterol
An excess of PTH can cause increased ossification of bone tissue.
False
A hormone that stimulates the salivary glands (exocrine glands) would be a tropic hormone.
False
All nonsteroid hormones operate according to the second messenger model.
False
The release of PTH in the body would cause a(n) ___.
Increase in blood calcium
The term up-regulation refers to the ___.
Increase in the number of hormone receptors in a cell.
Steroids are able to pass easily through a target cell's plasma membrane because they are __.
Lipid soluble
Which of the following is not a chemical classification of hormones?
Neither B nor C are chemical classifications of hormones.
One of the few hormones that function on a positive feedback loop is ___.
Oxytocin
The structure referred to historically as the master gland is the ___.
Pituitary
The hormone most likely to cause a shift from glucose catabolism to fat catabolism is ___.
Somatotropin
Which of the following is not a functional classification of hormones?
Steroid
The many hormones secreted by endocrine tissues can be classified simply as __ hormones.
Steroid or nonsteroid
Tropic hormones __.
Target other endocrine glands and stimulate their growth and secretion.
What is the first step in the renin-angiotensis-aldosterone system?
The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes rennin into the blood in response to a fall in the blood pressure within the kidneys.
Which of the following endocrine glands is located in the neck?
Thyroid
An abnormally high metabolic rate could be associated with the functioning of the ___.
Thyroid gland
The immediate effect of a steroid hormone on a cell is the __.
Transcription of RNA
A hormone is able to stimulate more cells than a neurotransmitter.
True
Both the endocrine system and the nervous system are important in regulation of body functions through communication, integration, and control.
True
Insulin and glucagon can be either stimulated to release hormones or inhibited from releasing hormones by secretions from the hypothalamus.
True
Many endocrine glands are made of epithelial tissue.
True
Sex hormones are produced by the ovaries, testes, and adrenal glands.
True
The heart produces a hormone that promotes sodium loss.
True
The name prostaglandin comes from the prostate gland.
True
The target cell in the endocrine system is similar to the postganglionic neuron in the nervous system because they both have receptors that respond to the presence of a chemical.
True
The two major female hormones produced by the ovaries are estrogen and progesterone.
True
Thromboxanes and leukrotrienes can be called tissue hormones.
True
Up-regulating and down-regulating hormone receptor proteins on the membrane of a target cell will change its sensitivity to a hormone.
True
With a steroid hormone, the amount of hormone is directly related to the magnitude of the response in the target cell.
True
Mineralcorticoids are released from which part of the adrenal gland?
Zona glomerulosa
Which hormone stimulates uterine contractions?
oxytocin
Which of the following is not true of steroid hormones?
they are derived from a fatty acid molecule