Bio 245: Chapter 16- Nervous System: Senses
Receptors initiate input to the _______. muscles CNS organs skin PNS
CNS- Central Nervous System
The optic disc is associated with _____. cranial nerve 3 cranial nerve 2 cranial nerve 5 cranial nerve 1
Cranial nerve 2
Pain is an example of a ______ sense. Special General
General
Where are photoreceptors located? in the neural layer of the retina in the pigmented layer of the choroid in the neural layer of the choroid in the pigmented layer of the iris
In the neural layer of the retina
The retina is the ____ layer of the eye wall. External Middle Internal
Internal
The sclera _____. (2) is made of dense connective tissue allows light to enter the eye is made of loose connective tissue provides for eye shape
Is made of dense connective tissue. Provides for eye shape
If stimulated over a period of time, ________ receptors lose eventually sensitivity.
Phasic
What type of receptor can undergo adaptation? Tonic Phasic
Phasic
The black hole in the eye is called the ______ and it is surrounded by the colorful ______.
Pupil, iris
_____ occurs when impulses from an organ are perceived as originating from the skin. Referred pain Phantom pain
Referred pain
Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field. small large
Small
Olfaction is the sense of _______.
Smell
Mechanoreceptors located in the skin and mucous membranes are called ______ receptors. tactile visceral chemical
Tactile
which are true of rods? select all that apply Theres are more than 100 million rod cells per eye They function well in dim light. They provide a crisp, focused vision. They are concentrated at the visual axis of the eye, near the center of the retina. They discriminate between colors.
There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye They function well in dim light
Hearing and equilibrium are transmitted along which cranial nerve? VIII IX VI VII X
VIII
Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber. posterior cavity anterior cavity
anterior cavity
What chamber is between the iris and cornea? anterior chamber posterior chamber
anterior chamber
When the ___ membrane moves, the ___ on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.
basilar, stereocilia
Gustatory cells are found in taste ______.
buds
The auditory sensory axons of the ____ branch of cranial number _____ terminate in the cochlear nucleus within the brainstem.
choclear VII (8)
What structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes? pupil sclera cornea choroid
choroid
Which structure of the eye absorbs light to prevent it from scattering within the eye? retina choroid ciliary body lens
choroid
What type of photoreceptor cell perceives color? cone rod
cone
The limbus is the junction between the sclera and the _____. iris cornea choroid retina
cornea
Which are a part of the fibrous tunic? sclera iris cornea
cornea and sclera
When you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called ________ ________
dark adaptation
Which is an accessory structure of the eye? lens eyebrow iris pupil
eyebrow
True or false: The eye is spherical, measuring about 5 centimeters in diameter, and most of it is receded into the orbit of the skull.
false
The outmost layer of the eye is called the ____ tunic. Pigmented nervous vascular fibrous
fibrous
The vestibulocohlear nerve transmits ____ information taste and hearing smell and taste hearing and equilibrium
hearing and equilibrium
Tactile receptors are a type of _____. thermoreceptor mechanoreceptor chemoreceptor nociceptor
mechanoreceptor
We use the sense of _______ to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of individuals in the room, or potential danger
olfaction
A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"? Optic disc fovea centralis macula lutea
optic disc
Olfactory receptors ______. perceive tastes perceive sounds maintain coordination and balance perceive odors
perceive odors
The iris controls the size of the ______. pupil eyeball lens
pupil
Most of the eye is _____ the orbit of the skull. exterior to receded to
receded to
The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the ______. receptive field stimulus tonic receptor phasic receptor
receptive field
Some individuals experience in their left shoulder during a heart attack. This is an example of ______. referred pain phantom of pain
referred pain
What structure is the "white" of the eye? sclera conjunctiva iris choroid cornea
sclera
What structure makes up the posterior 5/6 of the fibrous tunic? iris sclera cornea
sclera
Sensory receptors in which structure help monitor our equilibrium? semicircular ducts utricle auditory tube saccule cochlea
semicircular ducts utricle saccule
Receptors for general senses are usually _____. simple in structure complex in structure found in specialized sensory organs
simple in structure
Taste buds are found on the tongue and _____. nasal epithelium soft palate inner cheeks
soft palate
Gustation is the sense of _______.
taste
The middle and inner ear are in which bone? Temporal bone ethmoid bone occiptial bone sphenoid bone
temporal
A feature common to all receptors is ______. they are found on tips of axons they are found in specialized sense organs. they are always unicellular. the ability to respond to a stimulus.
the ability to respond to a stimulus.
The cornea is _____. opaque transparent
transparent
The vascular tunic of the eye is also called the _____. uvea iris cornea retina
uvea
Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels? vascular tunic fibrous tunic retina
vascular tunic