Bio
ATP production NADH production
2 parts of glycolysis
high energy electrons
4 ___________ are passed to the carrier NAD+ to product NADH
Fermentation
Doesn't make ATP but allows ATP to be made during glycolysis
lactic acid
Human muscle cells might use fermentation to get energy if they are without oxygen producing what in a muscle tissue
citric acid cycle
The Krebs cycle is also known as the
alcoholic fermentation
uses pyruvic acid and NADH to produce alcohol, CO2, and NAD+ and occurs in yeast cells
2 pyruvic acid
1 molecule of glucose is transformed into __ molecules of _______
NADPH
2 pyruvates and 2 energy molecules is called what
Acetyl CoA
Another name for a acetyl coenzyme a
4 2
At the end of glycolysis it generates ____atps for a net profit of ____ atps
Glycolysis
Breaking down of the glucose into two three carbon molecules called pyruvate acid's or pyruvate molecules
6 NADH 2 FADH
Each glucose also produces ____ NADHs and _____FADH2S through the Krebs cycle
oxidized
Each pyruvate is what
hydrogen protons
Electrons from NADHs and FADHs provide energy to pump ____ outward across the inner mitochondrial membrane
electron transport chain H+ inner membrane space
Energy generated by the ____ is used to pump __ ions across the membrane and into the _______
Anaerobic
Glycolysis is a what process occurring in the absence of oxygen
2 atps
Glycolysis needs the investment of ____ in order to work
Cytoplasm
Glycolysis occurs in the what within the cell
Fermentation
If oxygen is not available pyruvate get rerouted to what processes
cellular respiration
Is how we derive energy from the food we eat especially glucose
electron transport chain
NADH carries the electrons to the _____
CO2
One of the carbon separate from the chain in leaves the cell as
Atp
Our bodies turn energy from glucose to
2 ATP
The Krebs cycle makes another ___ per glucose
Krebs Cycle (mitochondria)
The ______ happens across the inner membrane of the _______the power center of the cell
3 2
The electrons from the 10 and a DPHS has enough energy to produce roughly _____ each and the FADH2S make ____ ATP each
ATP
The protein flow forms
ATP synthase
The protons move back in for a special protein called
acetyl coenzyme A
The remaining two carbon compound is called
electron transport chain
The what can net up to 34 ATP
38 molecules of ATP
Through cellular respiration, one molecule of glucose can yield at best
adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
What is atp made of
ADP
When atp loses a phosphate, it creates
Hydrolysis
When water is used in the breakdown of atp
32
__ ATP molecules are produced in the ETC
4 2
__ atp molecules are PRODUCED , __ are used to RESTART the cycle again
H2O
___ is formed when O2 accepts the electrons along with the hydrogen ions
2
___ATP during the Krebs cycle
2
____ATP's for each pyruvate during glycolysis
34
_____ATP during the electron transport chain
pyruvate
a molecule of ____ releases a CO2 molecule and leaves a 2 carbon compound
4 6 carbon compound
an enzyme takes the remaining 2 carbon compound and combines with a ___ carbon compound to form __________
diffusion atp synthase
buildup of H+ ions causes ___ through __
C6H12O6
chemical formula for glucose
NADH FADH2 electron transport chain
high energy electrons from ____ and ____ are passed from carrier to CENTER as they move down the ___
1 2 1
krebs cycle yields __ atp, ___ nadh, __ fadh2
NADH, ATP, pyruvic acid
products of glycolysis
Glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron transport chain
three stages of cellular respiration
Lactic Acid Fermentation
uses pyruvic acid and NADH to produce lactic acid and NAD+ and occurs in muscle cells and yogurt
oxygen
what is required at the end of the ETC?
2 atp molecules
what is used to start the process of glycolysis
Krebs cycle, ETC
what processes are aerobic