Bio DNA
The hereditary material found in all cells is:
DNA
During the process of transcription, the information in
DNA is converted into RNA information
The enzyme that is used to join complementary DNA nucleotides together during DNA replication is called _____________.
DNA polymerase
During replication,
DNA strands separate
The enzyme used to join complementary DNA bases together is helicase.T/F?
False
Cytosine always pairs with ___________________
Guanine
In semi-conservative DNA replication, each new double helix formed will have
One new strand and one old strand in each helix
Which is most directly responsible for the sequence of amino acids in a protein?
The sequence of codons in mRNA
During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase is responsible for breaking the hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases. T/F?
True
Transcription of a part of a DNA molecule with a nucleotide sequence of AAACAACTT results in a mRNA molecules with the complementary sequence of:
UUUGUUGAA
A nucleotide contains
a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen base
What combinations would be found in a nucleotide?
base-sugar-phosphoric acid
The function of transfer RNA is to:
carry amino acids to ribosomes
What chemical(s) represent(s) the side of this DNA "ladder"?
dexoyribose sugar, phosphate group
The_____________ enzyme is responsible for unwinding the double-helix structure of DNA during replication.
helicase
During DNA replication, the enzyme, ______________, separates the strands by breaking the ________ bonds between nitrogen bases.
helicase; hydrogen
Nitrogen bases, like adenine, are held together by ____________ bonds.
hydrogen
Which of the classes of RNA molecules carried the genetic information as it is needed for the construction of a protein?
messenger RNA
Messenger RNA is produced in the:
nucleus
Where in the cell is DNA found?
nucleus
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogen base
DNA is a _____________ made of nucleotide _________________
polymer; monomers
The process by which DNA copies itself is called
replication
The backbone (sides of the ladder) of a nucleic acids is:
sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate, etc.
Which is the process that synthesizes mRNA?
transcription
Which 2 processes involve the unwinding of the DNA double helix and its separation into two strands of nucleotides?
transcription and replication
The genetic code consists of bases that stand for one amino acid.
3
Put these in the correct order 1. a replication fork is created 2. the enzyme DNA ligase joins the sections to have a complete strand 3. helicase unwinds DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between bases 4. an RNA primer attaches and marks the site where replication will begin 5. DNA polymerase matches complementary nucleotides to the leading strand, in the 5' to 3' direction 6. Replication on the lagging strand occurs in sections
3, 1, 4, 5, 6, 2
What determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein or polypeptide?
Sequence of bases in DNA (genes)
Prior to protein synthesis, the DNA
Serves as a template for the production of mRNA
If the sequence of nucleotides on one side of a DNA molecule is ACAG, the correct sequence of nucleotides on the other side of this molecule is
TGTC
The site of translation is the
ribosome
Which of the following nucleotide bases is found only in RNA, not In DNA?
uracil
Which of the following have nitrogenous bases correctly paired in DNA?
Adenine-thymine; guanine-cytosine
The_______of a tRNA molecule will base pair with the codon of a mRNA molecule
Anticodon
