Bio Exam 2
Approximately how long ago did green algae and the land plants share a common ancestor?
1 bya
Which phyla are included within the bryophyte clade?
Anthocerotophyta (hornworts) Bryophyta (mosses) Hepaticophyta (liverworts)
Plants with a palm tree-like appearance, tropical habitat, and overly large cones and sperm belong to which phylum?
Coniferophyta Gentophyta Cycadophyta Ginkophyta
The first known vascular land plant was ______.
Cooksonia
Are any of these vegetables actually fruit?
Corn
Which part of the seed is responsible for providing nutrition (food) to the embryo?
Cotelydons
Choose all features that confined the green algal ancestors of plants to water
Dangerous levels of UV light on land and Likelihood of desiccation
Gymnosperms and angiosperms are the two types of seed plants. In what ways do they differ?
Gymnosperms produce "naked seeds," while angiosperms produce seeds within a fruit
In this plant life cycle __________ is occurring at the position labeled A, and __________ is occurring at B.
Meiosis, fertilization
Sori are clusters of sporangia in ferns found -
On the back of the fronds
From what are fruits derived?
Ovaries
Why is external water not essential for fertilization in seed plants?
Pollen grains are transported by wind or an animal.
During the evolution of plant vascular tissues, which developed first?
Stems
The vascular tissue that conducts water and minerals is called __________, while the vascular tissue that conducts sucrose and hormones is called ___________.
Xylem, phloem
What extant organisms are the closest known relatives to the land plants?
a. Charophytes
Pollen tubes grow from pollen grains and -
allow sperm to fertilize the egg
Pollen comes from the
anther
A fern male and female gametangia are referred to as the
antheridia and archegonia, respectively
Petals
attract pollinators
All of the following are examples of tracheophyte plants except _______.
bryophytes
One reason bryophytes require water for fertilization is because their sperm are
flagellated
The colonization of land by plants was facilitated by __________, which helped enhance the uptake of nutrients
fungi
In plants, the haploid generation is called the _______, and the diploid generation is the ____________.
gametophyte, sporophyte
The seed coat is formed by the hardening of the
integument
Organisms that exhibit a haplodiplontic life cycle have
multicellular haploid and diploid stages
Double fertilization occurs when
one sperm fuses with the egg and the other sperm fuses with both polar nuclei.
Antipodals and synergids are
produced from 8 haploid nuclei created when the female megaspore undergoes mitosis.
What is the function of pine resins?
reduction of fungal and insect parasitism
Plants characterized as possessing a vascular system are known as -
tracheophytes