BIO EXAM 2 (CH. 6)
The cellular process of synthesizing large molecules from smaller ones is defined as
anabolism
The active site of an enzyme is the region that
binds substrates for the enzyme
The cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones is defined as
catabolism
Why might a severe fever result in death if its is not brought under control
it may alter the tertiary and quaternary structures of cellular enzymes
Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because
their enzymes have high optimal temperatures
What is a substrate
A molecule upon which an enzyme reacts
Which one is an example of an anabolic pathway
A set of reactions that combine monomers into larger, more energy-rich polymers.
Which statements best describes the critical role that ATP plays in cellular metabolism
ATP serves as an energy shuttle in the cell, coupling exergonic and endergonic reactions
In most exergonic reactions, before products can be formed, the reactants must first overcome a thermodynamic barrier known as the
Activation energy of the reaction
In addition to its critical role in cellular metabolism, ATP may also be described as which of the following ?
An RNA molecule
A noncompetative inhibitor decreases the rate of an enzymatic reaction by
Changing the shape of the enzyme active site by binding to allosteric site
Zinc, an essential trace element for most organisms, is required in the active site of the enzyme carboxyoeotidase for the enzyme to function properly. The zinc most likely functions as an
Contractor necessary for enzyme activity
Which of the following reactions tend to require an input of energy
Dehydration reactions or endergonic reactions
What is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Which statement regarding enzymes is true (related to activation energy)
Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by lowering the activation energy barrier
What is the example of an exergonic reaction
Hydrolysis of glycogen to release glucose monomers
Which reactions release energy
Hydrolysis reactions or exergonic reactions
Under a particular conditions in the lab, the enzyme in a chemical reaction is saturated. Which alterations to the reaction will increase the rate at which substrate is converted to product
Increasing the amount of enzyme in the reaction
Hydrolysis of ATP releases energy, which ultimately results in the production of ADP and inorganic phosphate. What generally happens to the inorganic phosphate produced in the cytosol
It is combined with ADP to regenerate ATP.
When chemical, transport, or mechanical work is performed by an organism, what happens to the heat that is generated ?
It is released to the environment.
A mutation that alters a single amino acid in a region of the enzyme outside of the active site may result in which of the consequences
It may alter an allosteric site on the enzyme
A mutation that results in a single amino acid substitution in the active site of an enzyme nay have which of the consequences
It may change the substrate specifically of the enzyme
Which one is the most comprehensive definition of metabolism in living organisms
Metabolism consists of all the energy transformation reactions in an organism
Which statement best describes the induced fit model of enzyme activity
The binding of substrate changes the conformation of the active site to bind substrate more tightly
Which of the following descriptions would be an example of potential energy
The chemical bonds in a molecule of sucrose
Which statement about enzyme-catalyzed reactions is true ?
The rate of the reaction is greater than when the same reaction occurs in the absence of an enzyme.
Which statement is true for all exergonic reactions
The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy
Anabolic pathways share which characteristics
They consume energy to synthesize polymers from monomers
What is an Enzyme
a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
