bio exam (lecture)
Which of the following is a functional group present in all amino acids?
-NH2
Which of the following is not an example of an emerging disease?
cancer
The four main categories of organic macromolecules are
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Select the correct association.
carbohydrates—include glucose, sucrose, and starch
Without gap junctions in certain tissues,
cells would not be able to communicate with each other.
Which of the following is a trace element in living things?
chromium
Chromosomes are made from
condensed chromatin.
Plant cells have plasmodesmata that
connect the cytoplasm of one cell with that of another.
One carbon atom can form up to________ covalent bonds with other atoms.
4
Kai is studying the interaction between porcupines, pinion pine trees, and pine bark beetles in Rocky Mountain National Park. Over the course of his study, he observes the behaviors of 25 porcupines, records the location of 151 pinion pines, and traps 332 beetles. How many organisms does his study include?
508
The pH of pure water is________ because________.
7.0; water contains an equal number of H+ ions and OH- ions
Which of the following is a correct match of a molecule and the location where it is principally used?
glucose -mitochondria
Humans store glucose in the form of
glycogen
Which word should be categorized separately from the others? phospholipids fats steroids lipids glycogen
glycogen
The figure below is depicting the interaction of water molecules with one another. The weak attractions between water molecules are known as
hydrogen bonds.
All the chemical reactions that occur in a cell are collectively called
metabolism
Living organisms must constantly take in energy in order to power functions necessary to remain alive. All of the chemical reactions that involve energy conversions within a cell are called
metabolism
A cell that cannot produce enough energy to function properly most likely has a problem with its
mitochondria.
The basic building block or subunit of many biological molecules is called a(n)
monomer
In a dehydration reaction,________. In order for this to occur water is________.
monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed
The process of________ leads to organisms that are________ that environment.
natural selection; adapted to
The subatomic particles that are found within the nucleus of an atom are the
neutrons and protons
Which of the following correctly lists the parts of a nucleotide of RNA?
nitrogen-containing base, ribose, phosphate
Organisms that transform solar energy into chemical energy are called
producers
Which of the following is a correct match?
ribosomes - protein synthesis
Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet are characteristic of
secondary structure in proteins
The principle role for sugars in living things is to
serve as a form of immediate cellular energy.
Plants store glucose in the form of
starch
Which of the following terms should be categorized separately from the others? antibodies hair enzymes muscle sucrose
sucrose
Bananas have a pH of 5. This means a banana has an excess of_______ ions and would be called a(n)________.
H+; acid
Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the cell membrane?
The polar heads of the phospholipids face toward the outside of the cell and the cytoplasm.
What do lemons, tomatoes, and coffee all have in common chemically?
They all release H+ ions in solution, making them acids.
A nucleotide is made of which of the following chemical components?
a nitrogen-containing base, a phosphate group, and a sugar
an ionic bond forms when
a positively charged ion is attracted to a negatively charged ion
Which of the following levels of biological organization is correctly matched with an example?
a tropical rain forest with rain, sunlight, trees, insects, and animals - ecosystem
Which one of the following is the smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of an element?
atom
All atoms of the same element have the same
atomic number
Which of the following pairs of words is matched correctly?
bladder-organ
A(n)________ can be defined as a substance that keeps pH within established limits by taking up excess H+ or OH- in a solution.
buffer
A prokaryotic cell
does not have a membrane-bound nucleus.
Which of the following can be categorized as prokaryotic?
domain bacteria
Which of the following correctly lists the classification categories from most to least inclusive?
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Which of the following levels of organization include the physical environment?
ecosystem
An atom with a neutral charge has
equal numbers of protons and electrons
Is the following statement true or false? The scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris) and the black pine ( Pinus nigra) belong to the same species.
false, because the specific epithet is diffrent
Below is a diagram of a bacterium. What part of the bacterial cell does Z represent?
flagella
Identify the organelle - function pairing that is mismatched.
flagella - contain digestive enzymes that can digest molecules or cellular components
The purpose of a control group in an experiment is
for comparison to the experimental group.
What does the folding of the mitochondrial inner membrane, shown here, provide?
greater surface area for ATP production
Some insects can walk on the surface of water because water
has surface tension
An atom that has an electrical charge is called a(n)
ion
The type of bond that would form from the transfer of an electron from one atom to another is a(n)________ bond.
ionic
Maya would like to observe a live paramecium—a single-celled organism that is about 50-300 μm long. The best device to do this would be a(n)
light microscope.
The hormone estrogen is________-based.
lipid
A water molecule, as shown here, is polar because
oxygen has a stronger electronegativity than hydrogen.
Compared with a eukaryotic cell, a prokaryotic cell
lacks organelles beyond ribosomes.
Which of the following is an organic molecule?
C5H10O5
Deoxyribose is a sugar found in
DNA only
Both plants and animals need mitochondria to
produce atp
Which of the following statements describes the function of a chloroplast?
It converts light energy into chemical energy.
A gene is the code for assembling a sequence of
amino acids
Which of the following allows eukaryotic cells and their organelles to move?
the cytoskeleton
Chemical bonds involve
the giving, taking, and sharing of electrons
How are lipids different from other categories of biological molecules?
they are hydrophobic
In which way are vesicles different from vacuoles?
they are smaller
Which nitrogen-containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA?
thymine
The kidney of a dolphin is considered an organ because it is composed of different
tissues
Which of the following is a function of junction proteins?
to assist in cell-to-cell adhesion and allow cell-to-cell communication
The reactivity of an atom depends on the number of
valence electrons
Sugar dissolves in coffee because
water is a good solvent
Which of the following property of water explains why a wet glass slide sticks to laboratory counter?
water is adhesive
Which statement below is correct when comparing plant and animal cells?
Both plant and animal cells have a plasma membrane, and plant cells also have a cell wall.
Which of the following elements are found in glucose?
C,H,O
How does DNA differ from RNA?
DNA is comprised of a double-strand; RNA is a single-strand.
Which of the following can be described as a molecule but not a compound?
O-2
Which of the following statements inaccurately describes biodiversity?
So far, approximately 6 million species have been identified and named.
Mateo is studying interactions between black bears and grizzly bears in Banff National Park. What level of organization is he studying?
community
When populations of different types of organisms interact in a given area, they comprise a(n)
community
Sucrose, C12H22O11, is best described as a(n)
compound
The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the
concentration of H+ present in a solution.
Salmon are born in fresh water but migrate out to marine waters for most of their life. Eventually, they return to the place they were born to spawn. Because migrating between fresh water and saltwater affects the balance of water in their body, salmon have evolved an internal control system called osmoregulation that restores water balance by negative feedback. This is an example of which characteristic of life?
maintaining homeostasis
There is an antibiotic called streptomycin that inhibits the function of bacterial ribosomes. Consequently, as the bacterial cells die, the person taking the antibiotics gets better. In other words, the antibiotic destroys bacteria by
not allowing them to produce proteins.
Which answer choice lists the steps of the scientific method in the correct order?
observation, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, conclusion
Both the nuclear membrane and the plasma membrane are composed of
phospholipids.
Which feature is found in all cells?
plasma membrane composed of phospholipids
Starch is a________ made of many________.
polymer; glucose molecules
Himari is studying birth and death rates of spotted seals in a portion of Shiretoko National Park. What level of organization is she studying?
population
An element has an atomic number of 76. The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom of the element are
76 electrons and 76 protons
Jawad is studying predator-prey interactions. One day he notices a mole eating a grub. Later that day, a hawk eats the mole. How many producers are there is this scenario?
8
Which of the following statement(s) is not a true statement with respect to scientific theory?
All scientific theories are considered scientific principles or laws.
In the reaction C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O carbon dioxide is one of the
products
Amino acids are needed to build________, just as________ are needed to create DNA.
proteins; nucleotides
What is the function of a peptide bond?
joings an amino acid to an adjancent amino acid
Which of the following is a type of intracellular motor protein involved with the movements of vesicles?
kinesin
Which of the following is involved in the breakdown of damaged organelles?
lysosome
Male amphibians, including frogs and toads, have been plagued by feminization, deformity, behavioral abnormalities and sterility. Biologists from the University of Florida investigated whether reproductive problems among populations of cane toads ( Bufo marinus) are caused by poisons from chemicals associated with agriculture. The biologists collected local adult cane toads from more than 20 different locations. Toads were collected from areas close to agriculture, both large-scale and small-scale farms, as well as from suburbs that are non-agricultural areas. Based on this study, what is the control group?
male toads collected from the suburbs
Male amphibians, including frogs and toads, have been plagued by feminization, deformity, behavioral abnormalities and sterility. Biologists from the University of Florida investigated whether reproductive problems among populations of cane toads ( Bufo marinus) are caused by poisons from chemicals associated with agriculture. The biologists collected local adult cane toads from more than 20 different locations. Toads were collected from areas close to agriculture, both large-scale and small-scale farms, as well as from suburbs that are nonagricultural areas. Which of the following statements would be the best hypothesis for this study?
Agricultural chemicals can cause deformities and feminization amongst cane toads.
Which of the following statements is correctly matched to the step of the scientific method?
For a research project on test scores, Jayden divides students into two groups: the first group sleeps 8 hours a night, the second group sleeps 6 hours a night (Experimental design)
Elements that differ in their________ are known as isotopes.
neutron number
Since the plasma membrane blocks the passage of all but a few molecules with specific traits, it is necessary for other molecules to
pass through the membrane via proteins.
