Bio quiz 9/27/28
If an enzyme becomes over heated what effect, if any, will the heat have on the enzymatic activity?
The enzyme will not be able to catalyze reactions.
Which statement describes the polarity of a water molecule?
The oxygen end has a slight negative charge and the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge
If a plant is in nitrogen deprived soil, then what is the most affected?
The production of proteins and acids
What substances are classified as lipids?
Fats, oils, waxes, hormones
Which properties of water enable it to move from the roots to the leaves of the plants?
Water exhibits cohesive behavior
Polymers form through _____________
dehydration synthesis
What group of organic molecules serve as long-term energy storage and waterproof coverings?
lipids
Which of the following molecules make up the basic structure of a cell membrane?
phospholipids
What are Enzymes
proteins
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
carbohydrates
What element must be present for a molecule to be considered organic?
carbon
Saturated fats are __________ at room temperature.
solid
The structure of proteins can be changed by environmental factors such as temperature or pH
true
A "kinky structure" due to the double bonds between carbon atoms creates a lipid known as what?
unsaturated fat
The monomer, building block, of carbohydrates is called -
Monosaccharide
The diagram shows a bond forming between two amino acids. What is the name of the resulting bond?
Peptide Bond
A bond that joins amino acids are called
Peptide Bonds
Which group of organic molecules speed up chemical reactions and serve as immune defense mechanisms?
Proteins
In an Exergonic reaction, heat is ________.
Released
What is the different between saturated and unsaturated fats
Saturated-single bond, all carbons, fats and oils Unsaturated-double bond don't have hydrogen liquid at room temperature
Plants store glucose in the form of
Starch
The number of amino acids used to produce proteins for all living things is:
20
There are _____ different kinds of amino acids.
20
What is the rule for carbohydrates
2:1 ration Hydrogen 2 Oxygen 1
Steroids have what kind of structure?
4 fused rings
What is a monomer
A subunit
In an Endergonic reaction, heat is ________.
Absorbed
What is the energy needed to start an chemical reaction referred to?
Activation energy
Enzymes are attached in a chain of...
Amino Acids
The primary sequence of a protein refers to the:
Amino acids
Which of these are examples of sterols?
Cholesterol, estrogen, testosterone
What are the 5 elements that are present in macromolecules?
CHONP
A monosaccaride is a
Carbohydrate
The 4 macromolecules are
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
What are the 4-types of carbon-based molecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
Attractions between water molecules are called
Hydrogen bonds
Deratuation
If the shape lost the active site is lost. If the active site is lost, substrates can't bond. If they can't bond, enzymes won't work.
Where in a plant or animal would you find phospholipids?
In the cell membranes.
A scientist analyzing an unknown substance has determined that it consists of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. During experimentation, she determines that the substance is soluble in oil but not in water. Which of the following macromolecules is the unknown substance most likely to be?
Liptid
What is a polymer?
Many monomers combined
What are all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism referred to?
Metabolism
The characteristic that all lipids have in common is----
do not dissolve in water
Animals store glucose in the form of
glycogen
A monomer splits from a polymer through
hydrolysis
Water is attracted to any molecule that has charged (ion) or to any other polar molecule
know this