Bio quiz 9/27/28

If an enzyme becomes over heated what effect, if any, will the heat have on the enzymatic activity?

The enzyme will not be able to catalyze reactions.

Which statement describes the polarity of a water molecule?

The oxygen end has a slight negative charge and the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge

If a plant is in nitrogen deprived soil, then what is the most affected?

The production of proteins and acids

What substances are classified as lipids?

Fats, oils, waxes, hormones

Which properties of water enable it to move from the roots to the leaves of the plants?

Water exhibits cohesive behavior

Polymers form through _____________

dehydration synthesis

What group of organic molecules serve as long-term energy storage and waterproof coverings?

lipids

Which of the following molecules make up the basic structure of a cell membrane?

phospholipids

What are Enzymes

proteins

Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?

carbohydrates

What element must be present for a molecule to be considered organic?

carbon

Saturated fats are __________ at room temperature.

solid

The structure of proteins can be changed by environmental factors such as temperature or pH

true

A "kinky structure" due to the double bonds between carbon atoms creates a lipid known as what?

unsaturated fat

The monomer, building block, of carbohydrates is called -

Monosaccharide

The diagram shows a bond forming between two amino acids. What is the name of the resulting bond?

Peptide Bond

A bond that joins amino acids are called

Peptide Bonds

Which group of organic molecules speed up chemical reactions and serve as immune defense mechanisms?

Proteins

In an Exergonic reaction, heat is ________.

Released

What is the different between saturated and unsaturated fats

Saturated-single bond, all carbons, fats and oils Unsaturated-double bond don't have hydrogen liquid at room temperature

Plants store glucose in the form of

Starch

The number of amino acids used to produce proteins for all living things is:

20

There are _____ different kinds of amino acids.

20

What is the rule for carbohydrates

2:1 ration Hydrogen 2 Oxygen 1

Steroids have what kind of structure?

4 fused rings

What is a monomer

A subunit

In an Endergonic reaction, heat is ________.

Absorbed

What is the energy needed to start an chemical reaction referred to?

Activation energy

Enzymes are attached in a chain of...

Amino Acids

The primary sequence of a protein refers to the:

Amino acids

Which of these are examples of sterols?

Cholesterol, estrogen, testosterone

What are the 5 elements that are present in macromolecules?

CHONP

A monosaccaride is a

Carbohydrate

The 4 macromolecules are

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids

What are the 4-types of carbon-based molecules?

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids

Attractions between water molecules are called

Hydrogen bonds

Deratuation

If the shape lost the active site is lost. If the active site is lost, substrates can't bond. If they can't bond, enzymes won't work.

Where in a plant or animal would you find phospholipids?

In the cell membranes.

A scientist analyzing an unknown substance has determined that it consists of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. During experimentation, she determines that the substance is soluble in oil but not in water. Which of the following macromolecules is the unknown substance most likely to be?

Liptid

What is a polymer?

Many monomers combined

What are all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism referred to?

Metabolism

The characteristic that all lipids have in common is----

do not dissolve in water

Animals store glucose in the form of

glycogen

A monomer splits from a polymer through

hydrolysis

Water is attracted to any molecule that has charged (ion) or to any other polar molecule

know this