Bio test 1

Which of the following statements best describes the relationships between the genome, genes, and proteins

There is one genome, it consists of many genes that encodes for multiple proteins

What type of cells are used to collect DNA for genetic testing

White blood cells

The three nucleotide segments found on mRNA, which code for amino acids are called

codon

Benign tumors are not considered a threat because they

do not spread or cause more tumors.

One benefit of radiation over chemotherapy is that radiation

limits the number of healthy cells affected.

There are two stages of gene expression. The first stage, _____ produces mRNA that is used in the second step

transcription

There are two main steps in gene expression. This first step produces mRNA, and the second step,____ converts the mRNA into a protein

translation

Sickle cell disease is a recessive genetic disease. This means

two copies of the recessive allele must be present in order for the disease to be expressed.

The stages of breast cancer are determined by an oncologist by addressing four questions. Provide three of the four questions

- the size of your tumor - whether cancer cells have spread to lymph nodes - whether cancer cells have spread to other parts of your body

The pedigree show displays the inheritance of a recessive genetic disease. In the fourth generation, what is the likelihood that the next child of the two heterozygous parents will be impacted by the disease

25%

RNA polymerase copies a gene to provide a transcript of mRNA. What would be the transcript from the following DNA nucleotide sequence. TACCCGGTAGATATC

AUGGGCCAUCUAUAG

You are reading an article about a person being diagnosed with a type of sarcoma. This type of cancer affects

Bone tissue

From the list provided, select all that can be inferred from the given sample pedigree for sickle cell disease

Both parents in the first generation are carriers of sickle cell disease, but do not have the disease Sickle cell disease is a recessive disease In the second generation, only one offspring has sickle cell disease

Which of the following best describes the genetic applications of using CRISPR

CRISPR can be used to cause a break in a gene, inactivating it, and allowing researchers to study its role in the body

Which characteristic corresponds with stage 2 of breast cancer

Cancer begins invading more lymph nodes and tissue

From the list, select the most common mutagens

Carcinogens, radiation exposure, virsues

From the following list, select all that can apply to cancerous cells

Damaged DNA, uncontrolled cell division

Human skin cells have two copies of each chromosome, one from the biological mother and one from the biological father. Having two copies of a chromosome is called____; it is sometimes abbreviated as 2n

Diploid

From the list, select all of teh following that pertain to this state. If a patient is screened for cancerous cells, a doctor is looking for cells that are

Less specialized

Lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer-related deaths during the mid-1900s. Which group was most impacted?

Males

Describe the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide during gas exchange

Oxygen diffuses out of the lungs into red blood cells and carbon dioxide diffuses out of red blood cells and into the lungs.

The two different classes of cells are_____ and ______

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic