Bio test 1
Which of the following levels of biological organization is correctly matched with an example?
a tropical rain forest with rain, sunlight, trees, insects, and animals - ecosystem
The figure below is depicting the interaction of water molecules with one another. The weak attractions between water molecules are known as
hydrogen bonds
Which of the following is a functional group present in all amino acids?
-NH2
What functional group makes a carbohydrate hydrophilic?
-OH
A general eukaryotic cell is typically in the area of
10-100 μm.
One carbon atom can form up to________ covalent bonds with other atoms.
4
Which of the following is the correct sequence through the endomembrane system for material that is destined to be secreted from the cell?
rough endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi apparatus - plasma membrane
A(n)________ can be defined as a substance that keeps pH within established limits by taking up excess H+ or OH- in a solution.`
buffer
The four main categories of organic macromolecules are
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by
dehydration synthesis reactions.
An atom's valence electron shell
determines its chemical reactivity.
Surface-to-volume ratio is an important characteristic for cell function; some cells increase their ratio by
developing finger-like projections.
Which of the following can be categorized as prokaryotic?
domain Bacteria
Which of the following correctly lists the classification categories from most to least inclusive?
domain, supergroup, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
A covalent bond occurs when
electrons are shared between two atoms to complete their valence shells.
In science, a theory
encompasses many hypotheses.
Which one of the following is a main function of proteins?
enzymatic activity
The purpose of a control group in an experiment is
for comparison to the experimental group.
Which of the following is a way in which chemical bonds can be formed?
gaining electrons
An atom that has an electrical charge is called a(n)
ion
The type of bond that would form from the transfer of an electron from one atom to another is a(n)________ bond.
ionic
Scientists were studying if white-nosed syndrome is responsible for the deaths of millions of American bats. Scientists hypothesized that white-nose syndrome, caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, makes bats die by increasing the amount of energy they use during winter hibernation. What would be the best control group for this study?
non-infected male and female bats hibernating in America
Which of the following is NOT a function of the extracellular matrix in animal cells?
provides a channel for water and ion flow between adjacent cell walls
Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet are characteristic of
secondary structure in proteins.
Eukaryotic cells have DNA enclosed in a double membrane called the nucleus. The nucleus functions to
separate the DNA from other activities that occur in the cytoplasm.
Which of the following is a hydrolysis reaction?
starch forming glucose molecules
DNA functions to________, while RNA's function is to________.
stores genetic information; aids in the processing of the information within the DNA into proteins
The number of neutrons present in the nucleus of an average atom of any given element is best estimated by
subtracting the number of protons from the mass number.
Receptor proteins
bind to a signal molecule and bring about a cellular response.
Receptor proteins allow a cell to
bind to signal proteins from other parts of the body.
How does a strong acid differ from a weak acid?
A weak acid dissociates only partially in water.
Based on the evolutionary tree of the three domains, which of the following statements is true?
All three domains have a common ancestor.
When a person orders a pizza with red sauce, peppers, sausage, extra cheese and a drizzle of olive oil, which of the following would be a true statement about the nutritional intake?
Amino acids can be obtained from the sausage.
Which of the following is a property of bases?
Bases feel slippery when touched.
Which of the following statements about basic solutions is true?
Basic solutions more OH- than H+.
Which of the following elements are found in glucose?
C, H, O
How does DNA differ from RNA?
DNA is comprised of a double-strand; RNA is a single-strand.
DNA and RNA differ in that
DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose and the nitrogen-containing base thymine; RNA is single-stranded and contains sugar ribose and the nitrogen-containing base uracil.
Which organelle modifies the contents within vesicles and then repackages them for export?
Golgi apparatus
How are lipids different from other categories of biological molecules?
They are hydrophobic.
A gene is the code for assembling a sequence of
amino acids
Which one of the following is the smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of an element?
atom
All atoms of the same element have the same
atomic number
the Scientific Method
begins with observations
The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the
concentration of H+ present in a solution.
Chromosomes are made from
condensed chromatin.
Chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar in that they both
contain DNA
Which of the following is a type of intracellular motor protein involved with the movements of vesicles?
kinesin
The process of________ leads to organisms that are________ that environment.
natural selection; adapted to
Elements that differ in their________ are known as isotopes.
neutron number
Which of the following correctly lists the parts of a nucleotide of RNA?
nitrogen-containing base, ribose, phosphate
a saturated fat has
no double bonds
Which answer choice lists the steps of the scientific method in the correct order?
observation, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, conclusio
Which of the following correctly lists the levels of biological organization from most complex to simplest?
organism, organ system, organs, tissues, cells
A water molecule, as shown here, is polar because
oxygen has a stronger electronegativity than hydrogen
A covalent bond involves the sharing of
pairs of electrons
Both the nuclear membrane and the plasma membrane are composed of
phospholipids.
What must materials pass through to enter or leave a cell?
plasma membrane
Starch is a________ made of many________.
polymer; glucose molecules
Amino acids are needed to build________, just as________ are needed to create DNA.
proteins; nucleotides
Which kingdom includes both unicellular and multicellular organisms?
protista
The enzymatic proteins found in the plasma membrane function in what capacity?
to catalyze reactions that are crucial to the cell's functioning
Which of the following is a correct matching of an organelle and its function?
vacuole-storage`
The reactivity of an atom depends on the number of
valence electrons
Mitochondria are found in
both plant cells and animal cells.
Which of the following is a true statement about proteins?
Proteins are used to produce many types of hormones.
Cell size is limited because________ is critical to a cell's function.
surface-area-to-volume ratio
What function does the nucleolus have?
synthesizes ribosomal RNA
Which of the following allows eukaryotic cells and their organelles to move?
the cytoskeleton
Chemical bonds involve
the giving, taking, or sharing of electrons.
In which way are vesicles different from vacuoles?
they are smaller
Of the following examples, which best demonstrates cohesiveness of water?
water moving up a 100-foot pine tree, from the roots to the leaves