Bio test 1

Which of the following levels of biological organization is correctly matched with an example?

a tropical rain forest with rain, sunlight, trees, insects, and animals - ecosystem

The figure below is depicting the interaction of water molecules with one another. The weak attractions between water molecules are known as

hydrogen bonds

Which of the following is a functional group present in all amino acids?

-NH2

What functional group makes a carbohydrate hydrophilic?

-OH

A general eukaryotic cell is typically in the area of

10-100 μm.

One carbon atom can form up to________ covalent bonds with other atoms.

4

Which of the following is the correct sequence through the endomembrane system for material that is destined to be secreted from the cell?

rough endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi apparatus - plasma membrane

A(n)________ can be defined as a substance that keeps pH within established limits by taking up excess H+ or OH- in a solution.`

buffer

The four main categories of organic macromolecules are

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by

dehydration synthesis reactions.

An atom's valence electron shell

determines its chemical reactivity.

Surface-to-volume ratio is an important characteristic for cell function; some cells increase their ratio by

developing finger-like projections.

Which of the following can be categorized as prokaryotic?

domain Bacteria

Which of the following correctly lists the classification categories from most to least inclusive?

domain, supergroup, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

A covalent bond occurs when

electrons are shared between two atoms to complete their valence shells.

In science, a theory

encompasses many hypotheses.

Which one of the following is a main function of proteins?

enzymatic activity

The purpose of a control group in an experiment is

for comparison to the experimental group.

Which of the following is a way in which chemical bonds can be formed?

gaining electrons

An atom that has an electrical charge is called a(n)

ion

The type of bond that would form from the transfer of an electron from one atom to another is a(n)________ bond.

ionic

Scientists were studying if white-nosed syndrome is responsible for the deaths of millions of American bats. Scientists hypothesized that white-nose syndrome, caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, makes bats die by increasing the amount of energy they use during winter hibernation. What would be the best control group for this study?

non-infected male and female bats hibernating in America

Which of the following is NOT a function of the extracellular matrix in animal cells?

provides a channel for water and ion flow between adjacent cell walls

Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet are characteristic of

secondary structure in proteins.

Eukaryotic cells have DNA enclosed in a double membrane called the nucleus. The nucleus functions to

separate the DNA from other activities that occur in the cytoplasm.

Which of the following is a hydrolysis reaction?

starch forming glucose molecules

DNA functions to________, while RNA's function is to________.

stores genetic information; aids in the processing of the information within the DNA into proteins

The number of neutrons present in the nucleus of an average atom of any given element is best estimated by

subtracting the number of protons from the mass number.

Receptor proteins

bind to a signal molecule and bring about a cellular response.

Receptor proteins allow a cell to

bind to signal proteins from other parts of the body.

How does a strong acid differ from a weak acid?

A weak acid dissociates only partially in water.

Based on the evolutionary tree of the three domains, which of the following statements is true?

All three domains have a common ancestor.

When a person orders a pizza with red sauce, peppers, sausage, extra cheese and a drizzle of olive oil, which of the following would be a true statement about the nutritional intake?

Amino acids can be obtained from the sausage.

Which of the following is a property of bases?

Bases feel slippery when touched.

Which of the following statements about basic solutions is true?

Basic solutions more OH- than H+.

Which of the following elements are found in glucose?

C, H, O

How does DNA differ from RNA?

DNA is comprised of a double-strand; RNA is a single-strand.

DNA and RNA differ in that

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose and the nitrogen-containing base thymine; RNA is single-stranded and contains sugar ribose and the nitrogen-containing base uracil.

Which organelle modifies the contents within vesicles and then repackages them for export?

Golgi apparatus

How are lipids different from other categories of biological molecules?

They are hydrophobic.

A gene is the code for assembling a sequence of

amino acids

Which one of the following is the smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of an element?

atom

All atoms of the same element have the same

atomic number

the Scientific Method

begins with observations

The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the

concentration of H+ present in a solution.

Chromosomes are made from

condensed chromatin.

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar in that they both

contain DNA

Which of the following is a type of intracellular motor protein involved with the movements of vesicles?

kinesin

The process of________ leads to organisms that are________ that environment.

natural selection; adapted to

Elements that differ in their________ are known as isotopes.

neutron number

Which of the following correctly lists the parts of a nucleotide of RNA?

nitrogen-containing base, ribose, phosphate

a saturated fat has

no double bonds

Which answer choice lists the steps of the scientific method in the correct order?

observation, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, conclusio

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of biological organization from most complex to simplest?

organism, organ system, organs, tissues, cells

A water molecule, as shown here, is polar because

oxygen has a stronger electronegativity than hydrogen

A covalent bond involves the sharing of

pairs of electrons

Both the nuclear membrane and the plasma membrane are composed of

phospholipids.

What must materials pass through to enter or leave a cell?

plasma membrane

Starch is a________ made of many________.

polymer; glucose molecules

Amino acids are needed to build________, just as________ are needed to create DNA.

proteins; nucleotides

Which kingdom includes both unicellular and multicellular organisms?

protista

The enzymatic proteins found in the plasma membrane function in what capacity?

to catalyze reactions that are crucial to the cell's functioning

Which of the following is a correct matching of an organelle and its function?

vacuole-storage`

The reactivity of an atom depends on the number of

valence electrons

Mitochondria are found in

both plant cells and animal cells.

Which of the following is a true statement about proteins?

Proteins are used to produce many types of hormones.

Cell size is limited because________ is critical to a cell's function.

surface-area-to-volume ratio

What function does the nucleolus have?

synthesizes ribosomal RNA

Which of the following allows eukaryotic cells and their organelles to move?

the cytoskeleton

Chemical bonds involve

the giving, taking, or sharing of electrons.

In which way are vesicles different from vacuoles?

they are smaller

Of the following examples, which best demonstrates cohesiveness of water?

water moving up a 100-foot pine tree, from the roots to the leaves