BIO TEST 2: chap 7 parts 1 and 2

Question 7 On average, how much of our global food crop is lost to pests and weeds? Question 7 options: 0-5% 5-10% 10-25 % 25-50%

-25-50%

Question 7 The two forms of energy molecules produce during the light reactions are: Question 7 options: -ATP and NADP -ADP and NADPH -ADP and NADP -ATP and NADPH

-ATP and NADPH

Question 12 Several strains of the human papilloma virus (HPV) have been associated with cervical cancer. Gardasil is a vaccine against HPV made from recombinant virus-like particles, containing viral proteins. In the context of genetic engineering, which of the following statements best supports the argument that a Gardasil vaccination would not cause infections or cervical cancer in people receiving it? Question 12 options: -Gardasil is produced in a laboratory so it would not be as virulent as in the normal setting. -Gardasil vaccine does not contain viral DNA, so there cannot be a viral infection. -More than one dose of the vaccine is required so the person should be immune to HPV after the second dose. -The Gardasil vaccine is given in the arm so it cannot infect the cervix.

-Gardasil vaccine does not contail viral DNA, so there cannot be a viral infection

Question 15 Which of the following best illustrates horizontal gene transfer? Question 15 options: -bacteria taking in genes from other bacterium -a child inheriting red hair from their parents -plants reproducing with another species of plant to form a hybrid -farmers growing plants with desired qualities so they can have offspring with the same qualities

-bacteria taking in genes from other bacterium

Question 2 A seed's nutritional value comes primarily from the: Question 2 options: -endosperm. -seed coat. -embryonic plant. -the entirety of the seed.

-endosperm

Question 6 During the light reaction in photosynthesis, the chlorophyll loses electrons. How are they replaced? Question 6 options: -Enzymes split water molecules and release electrons to fill in the gaps. -Carbon dioxide molecules release electrons that go into the gaps. -They are picked up from loose electrons from previous reactions still in the cell. -Energy from the sun enters as electrons, which go into the gaps.

-enzymes split water molecules and release electrons to fill in the gaps

Question 13 Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning genetic engineering: Question 13 options: -It allows us to speed up the process of selective breeding. -Genetic traits can be selected more precisely. -It produces products that only last for one generation. -It gives a way to produce a wide variety of new plants and animals.

-it produces products that only last for one generation

Question 3 The plant organs consumed primarily for nutrients, vitamins, and fibers rather than its stored food are: Question 3 options: -roots. -stems. -leaves. -rhizomes.

-leaves

Question 5 The stem is an integral part of the plant that holds the plant together. What is another task that the stem performs? Question 5 options: -anchors the plant in the ground -transports water from the leaves to the roots -allows plant to grow taller to compete for sunlight -absorbs carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis

-allows plant to grow taller to compete for sunlight

Question 1 Leaves come in many modified forms to fulfill a variety of tasks. Which of the following is NOT a modified leaf? Question 1 options: -tendrils on climbing plants -carnivorous plant traps -cactus pads -bulbs like onions

-cactus pads

Question 11 Scientists sometimes use animals such as fruit flies in their experiments with genetic engineering. What is one reason why these insects might be used? Choose all that apply. Question 11 options: -Fruit flies are pests and scientists are trying to find a way to remove them. -Fruit flies easily reproduce and provide a large sample size. -Fruit flies are simple organisms and are easier to modify than more complex animals such as mammals. -Fruit flies have high amounts of exposure to fruits so genes could transfer from them into the plants.

-fruit flies easily reproduce and provide a large sample size -fruit flies are simple organisms and are easier to modify than more complex animals such as mammals

Question 9 The first drug produced by a genetically engineered organism was: Question 9 options: -a human growth factor. -a blood clotting factor. -erythropoietin. -insulin.

-insulin

Question 11 In the golden rice project, Potrykus and Beyer inserted the psy gene from the daffodil into the rice genome. A potential risk from this project is that: Question 11 options: -there will be a negative economic impact on the florist industry due to the decreased availability of daffodils in the market. -safety may be affected because daffodils are not safe to eat and adding them to rice may make the rice toxic. -people who are allergic to daffodils may become allergic to golden rice if the proteins that caused the allergy are introduced. -consumers won't purchase golden rice due to its unusual color.

-people who are allergic to daffodils may become allergic to golden rice if the proteins that caused the allergy are introduced

Question 8 Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering that occurred naturally (with minimal human interference)? Question 8 options: -drought resistant and freeze resistant crops -soybeans engineered to provide compounds to reduce the risk of heart attack -a form of sugar cane that produces more sugar -peppermint formed by crossing spearmint with water mint

-peppermint formed by crossing spearmint with water mint

Question 4 What part of the plant transports food and other chemicals such as hormones? Question 4 options: -phloem -xylem -root hairs -leaf veins

-phloem

Question 9 Which process best illustrates transformation in a genetic engineering context? Question 9 options: -placing genes from one bacteria into another -growth of new appendages on a plant for more functions -using polymerase chain reaction to create millions of copies of DNA -exposing plants to different bacteria to observe the effects on growth

-placing genes from one bacteria into another

Question 4 What role do root hairs perform? Question 4 options: -anchor the plant in the soil -provide a large surface area to absorb water -spread out over a large area to provide additional structural support to the plant -photosynthesis

-provide a large surface area to absorb water

Question 14 Concerns over genetically engineered plants range from economic to safety to ethical. One possible unintended consequence is that they could escape into the wild. Which of the following would probably be the most likely negative outcome? Choose all that apply. Question 14 options: -The modified plant would have no natural consumers and would grow unchecked. -Hybridization with a normal plant could create a new plant that would disable the genetic changes that had been produced by the genetic engineering. -The modified plant would out-compete native species of plants and force them into extinction. -Continuous interbreeding of the modified plants could create mutated versions, causing safety and ecological problems.

ALL

Question 15 Genetic engineering is used in many areas to benefit society. There are risks and potential dangers associated with these benefits. Which of the following examples of genetic engineering would have the most potential danger to society? Question 15 options: -Production of medicines such as insulin and human growth hormone. -Use of bioremediation to clean up pollution. -Production of genetically engineered biological weapons for military testing. -Controlled scientific research to understand how cells work.

-production of genetically engineered biological weapons for military testing

Question 1 The parts of the flower that provide a protective cover for the rest of the organ are the: Question 1 options: -stamens. -carpals. -petals. -sepals.

-sepals

Question 13 In the early 1990s, scientists attempted to improve soybean's nutritional value by adding genes from the Brazil nut. What was one of the main concerns about this experiment? Question 13 options: -Some people have allergies to nuts, and this allergic component could be present in the engineered soybeans. -The change would cause the foods to taste bad and wouldn't be economically viable. -The change would attract pests that typically feed on Brazil nuts to the soybeans. -The flavor of the soybean would be altered and would impact the preference of consumers for soybean products.

-some people have allergies to nuts, and this allergic component could be present in the engineered soybeans

Question 6 The Calvin cycle occurs in the chloroplast compartment called the: Question 6 options: -granum. -stroma. -thylakoid. -stomata.

-stroma

Question 10 What is bioremediation? Question 10 options: -The biological cleanup of pollution and contamination. -Using bacteria which have enzymes to dissolve metals from their ores, making the metal easier to extract. -The naturally occurring transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another. -Using bacteria to digest waste like wood chips to create compounds similar to crude oil.

-the biological cleanup of pollution and contamination

Question 3 What is the difference between the xylem and phloem? Question 3 options: -The xylem transports water while the phloem transports food. -The xylem transports minerals while the phloem transports water. -The xylem transports water while the phloem transports minerals. -The xylem transports food while the phloem transports water.

-the xylem transports water while the phloem transports food

Question 10 Scientists genetically engineer certain mice to study medical conditions. One such set of mice are known as "knockouts." What identifies "knockouts" from other genetically engineered mice? Question 10 options: -These mice have had certain genes added to make them more susceptible to cancer. -These mice have genes inserted that make them more aggressive. -These mice have had certain genes disabled to see what those genes did. -These mice have had genes inserted that make them produce the compounds for human health.

-these mice have had certain genes disabled to see what those genes did

Question 8 Which of the following tasks do the stomata on the leaf perform? Question 8 options: -They allow water to enter the leaf. -They allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf. -They protect the leaf from sunlight. -They release nitrogen.

-they allow carbon di

Question 8 Which of the following tasks do the stomata on the leaf perform? Question 8 options: -They allow water to enter the leaf. -They allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf. -They protect the leaf from sunlight. -They release nitrogen.

-they allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf

Question 12 Genetically engineered crops are sometimes referred to as "Frankenfoods" because: Question 12 options: -they have an unusual, distorted appearance compared to regular crops. -they are named after the pioneer of genetic engineering, Dr. G. Franken. -they are made from pieced together genes like Mary Shelley's monster was made of cobbled together body parts. -the name differentiates them from "Organic" crops so consumers can make wise purchase decisions.

-they are made from pieced together genes like mary shelley's monster was made of cobbled together body parts

Question 5 Most leaves are typically broad and thin. This is beneficial to the plant because: Question 5 options: -thin leaves do not stack cells that could shade lower cells from sunlight. -broad leaves have a greater surface area to absorb more nitrogen. -broad leaves provide more shade for animals. -thin leaves are capable of breaking off damaged sections more easily.

-thin leaves do not stack cells that could shade lower cells from sunlight

Question 2 What is the main function of a terminal bud? Question 2 options: -to produce a flower necessary for reproduction -to grow outward to become a side branch -to prevent other buds from growing, allowing the plant to grow taller -to anchor a leaf to the plant

-to prevent other buds from growing, allowing the plant to grow taller

Question 14 Which of the following is an example of vertical gene transfer? Choose all that apply. Question 14 options: -Transfer of antibiotic resistance between different species of bacteria. -Transfer of a resistance gene to a pesticide by bees cross-pollinating crops as the bees move from one field to another. -Transfer of the sickle cell trait from a parent to their child. -Transfer of lethal genes from the hepatitis A virus to the common influenza virus.

-transfer of a resistance gene to a pesticide by bees cross pollinating crops as the bees move from one field to another -transfer of the sickle cell trait from a parent to their child