Bio15-Female Reproductive System (#2 Physiology)
The follicular phase occurs during which days in the cycle
1-14
When in menstrual cycle is woman most likely to become pregnant
14-18 days after menstruation begins
The luteal phase occurs during which days in the cycle
15-28
When does menstruation occur
@14 days after ovulation
At what age does menopause occur
@45-55
The ovarian cycle is regulated by
FSH and LH
At the end of the follicular phase, ovulation, which two hormones are at their peek
LH & FSH
Stopping of normal menstrual cycle
amenorrhea
How often does the ovarian cycle occur
approx. 28 days
What happens to the corpus luteum if no pregnancy
breaks down
When the ruptured follicle continues to grow, what does it form
corpus luteum
What happens to the endometrium as estrogen levels are rising
endometrium thickens
What female sex hormone does the follicle secrete
estrogen
Which hormone(s) thickens the endometrium before ovulation
estrogen
What two things happens during the menstrual cycle if there is no fertilization
estrogen & progesterone decrease and endometrium sheds
Which hormones stop and which ones begin again
estrogen & progesterone production stops and LH & FSH begin again
Which hormone(s) thickens the endometrium after ovulation
estrogen and progesterone
Which two hormones regulate the menstrual cycle
estrogen and progesterone
What gland secretes estrogen
follicle
The follicular phase ends with what
follicle bursting, release of ovum--ovulation
What are the two phases in the Ovarian Cycle
follicular phase and luteal phase
What are the two phases of the ovarian cycle
follicular phase and luteal phase
What happens to the egg follicle in the ovary as FSH levels rise
grows and matures
What is the job of the follicle
growth and nourishment of ovum
Secondary sex characteristics
growth spurt, acne, oily hair, body odor, new emotions, shape/hips, hair/underarm, pubic; breast, voice
Ovarian cycle occurs where
in the ovary
Where does the menstrual cycle occur
in uterus
What would cause amenorrhea
low body fat causes low hormone levels (extreme female athletes)
First menstrual flow
menarche
End of menstruation and reproductive years
menopause
What happens during days 3-6 in menstrual cycle
menstruation
What is the end result of menopause
no ovulation, no menstruation, no babies
Day 14 after LH levels reach highest concentration
ovulation, follicle bursts and egg is released
LH and FSH are released by what gland
pituitary
What gland secretes LH & FSH
pituitary
What is function of menstrual cycle
prepare uterus for possible pregnancy
What is the function of the ovarian cycle
produces and releases mature ovum/egg
What is menstruation
start of new cycle with shedding of blood (blood vessels breaking) and tissue (endometrium) through vagina
As progesterone is at high level, what happens to endometrium in uterus
thickens even more
Why does female need thick lining in uterus
to prepare for implantation
Describe the corpus luteum and its function
yellowish mass of cells, secretes estrogen and progesterone which STOPS LH & FSH production (no new follicle forms)