Biochem Ch. 21.1 and 21.2
Give the name and abbreviation for each of the 4 nitrogen bases found in DNA. A, (adenine) U, (uracil) C, (cytosine) and T (thymine) A (adenine), G (guanine), C (cytosine), and U (uracil) A (adenine), G (guanine), C (cytosine), and T (thymine) U (uracil), G (guanine), C (cytosine), and T (thymine)
A (adenine), G (guanine), C (cytosine), and T (thymine)
Which of the following can NOT be found in a nucleotide of RNA? ribose pyrimidine purine deoxyribose phosphate
Deoxyribose
A nucleotide consists of only a base and a sugar. True or False
FALSE
DNA is a protein. True or False
False
The backbone of a nucleic acid is the nitrogen bases. True OR False
False;sugar-phosphate
What is the difference in the 3' end and the 5' end of a polynucleotide chain?
One end of a nucleic acid polymer consists of a sugar with a free 5' phosphate group, and the other end consists of a sugar with a free 3' hydroxyl group.
Nucleic acids, i.e., DNA and RNA, are formed from the creation of phosphodiester bonds. This results in a backbone that consists of what molecules? Phosphate groups bonded to other phosphate groups Phosphate group alternating with either the ribose sugar or deoxyribose sugar Ribose sugar or deoxyribose sugar alternating with the nitrogenous bases Phosphate group alternating with nitrogenous bases
Phosphate group alternating with either the ribose sugar or deoxyribose sugar
The nucleotides in the backbone of DNA are held together by __________ bonds. ionic phosphodiester hydrogen peptide glycosidic
Phosphodiester
Nucleotides in both DNA and RNA are made up of three components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen base. What is the name of the sugar that is found in RNA? Ribose Uracil Deoxyribose Adenine
Ribose
The sequence of bases in a nucleic acid is the primary structure. True or False
TRUE
What component in a nucleic acid determines the 3' free end?
The free 3' end is determined by the free hydroxyl group on the 3' carbon of the sugar of a nucleic acid.
What component in the backbone of a nucleic acid is bonded to a nitrogen base?
The nitrogen base is bonded to a 1' carbon atom of the ribose or deoxyribose sugar in the backbone of the nucleic acid.
What nucleic acid subunits are connected in a 3',5' phosphodiester linkage in a polynucleotide?
The nucleotides in nucleic acid polymers are held together by phosphodiester linkages between the 3' hydroxyl group of a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and the phosphate group on the 5' carbon of another sugar.
Which of the following nitrogen-containing bases is NOT found in RNA? Adenine Cytosine Uracil Thymine
Thymine
Adenine is a purine. True or False
True
DNA differs from RNA in the sugar it contains. True or False
True
A __________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base and a sugar. pyrimidine base pair complementary base nucleoside nucleotide
nucleoside
A __________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a sugar, and a phosphate group. nucleotide purine base pair nucleoside complementary base
nucleotide
