Biochemistry Exam

Refer to the image below. Match numbered organelle with its name

1: cell wall, 2: cell membrane, 12: vacuole, 13: chloroplast

An embryo has a rare disorder in which they cannot metabolize phosphorus. Why will the fetus be miscarried?

Biomolecules are largely made from C, H, N, O, P, and S. The child will not be able to build nucleic acids without phosphorus.

Which of the following is a very weak bond that is found in DNA?

Hydrogen bonds

Refer to the diagram below. What biomolecule would this be found?

Nucleic Acid

Refer to the image below. How does the shape of cellulose relate to its function?

The chains of cellulose overlap and create structure for the plant cell walls.

Water is NOT important in the regulation of our temperature.

false

What quality contributes to the bent or angled shape of water?

polarity

Which inorganic molecule is known as the universal solvent?

water

Refer to the image below. Match the numbered organelle in the image to its function.

All answers are correct

What is a quality of carbon?

All answers are correct

How does the shape and charge of the molecules below impact their function?

All answers are correct.

Why is it important for organisms to eat foods rich in protein molecules?

All answers are correct..

Refer to the graph below. Analyze the 2 graphics and their elemental composition.Evaluate the possible conclusion.

Although not exactly the same, there are many elements that are the same in the Earth's crust and humans.

What molecule is responsible for lowering the activation energy of millions of metabolic reactions in an organism?

Enzymes

Enzyme reactions are often referred to as a lock and key. What does this analogy mean?

Enzymes are substrate specific and only function with the correct substrate

Which cellular structure is found in both plant and animal cells?

Mitochondria

Which of the following is a carbohydrate polymer?

Polysaccharide

Refer to the scenario to answer the question. What is the Independent variable in the experiment? A scientist wanted to know which brand of bottled water had a neutral pH. The scientist bought 7 brands of bottled water. They dipped pH paper in the different waters. See the data table below for the results.

The brands of water

The cross country runners at North Central eat a large spaghetti meal the night before a race. Why do the runners eat the pasta?

The high carbohydrate meal is easily broken down as energy. Runners need a lot of energy to run at their best.

You are comparing/ contrasting leaf cells and root cells of a plant under the microscope. You notice small green organelles in the leaf cells but not the root cells. What are the green organelles and why are they present only in the leaf cells?

They are chloroplasts and are found in areas of the plant exposed to light for photosynthesis.

The meniscus that forms in a graduated cylinder or water droplets sticking to a window are examples of

adhesion

The smallest unit of nitrogen that still has the properties of nitrogen is.

an atom on nitrogen

Atom with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

are isotopes.

Electrons are shared between atoms in a(n)

covalent bonds.

Some children have endured starvation in which they did not get enough protein. What would be a likely reason that they would be smaller than other children in the same area that received proper nutrition? The starved children...

did not have enough amino acids for building muscle during growth and development.

Substances composed of ONE type of atom are called.

elements

Everything in the universe is made of cells

false

Oxygen gas (O2) and water (H2O) are examples of compounds

false

The three states of matter are water, solid, gas.

false

Attraction between atoms with opposite charges occurs in a(n)

ionic bond.

Water is the most abundant compound in humans because

it is used to break down biomolecules.

Providing energy for organisms is a primary role of ...

lipids and carbohydrates.

Lipids in the cell membrane form a barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the extracellular fluid surrounding it. The shape and arrangement of these lipids helps the cell...

maintain homeostasis.

The "?" structure in the diagram is a(n) _______ and carries a _____charge.

nucleus; positive

Changing the ______ in an atom would change it into an atom of a different element.

number of protons in the nucleus

Atom are composed of

protons with a positive charge.

A can of cola consists mostly of sugar dissolved in water, with some carbon dioxide gas that makes it fizzy and makes the pH less than 7. In chemical terms, you could say that cola is an aqueous solution where water is the ____, sugar is the ______, and carbon dioxide makes the solution_______.

solvent...solute...acidic

As water freezes it becomes less dense.

true

Chemical bonds are broken, atoms are rearranged and new bonds are formed during a chemical reaction.

true

The central core of an atom is the nucleus.

true

Which of the following is NOT one of the primary elements found in living things?

Cobalt

Refer to the graph below. What would happen to Carbonic Anhydrase if it was at a pH of 8-11?

It will not function well at the pH of 8 and possibly denature at stronger base levels.