biochemistry practice test

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What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?

-ase

Why is carbon able to be the building block of organic compounds?

able to make 4 bonds

Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?

active site

Viruses are made up of either DNA or RNA surrounded by a coating of protein. When the two main substances that make up a virus are broken into smaller fragments, the fragments are _______

amino acids

What are the monomers of proteins?

amino acids

fructose, sucrose, and starch are all examples of

carbohydrates

What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?

catalyst

The main function of proteins in the cell is....

catalyzing chemical reactions in the cell

most carbohydrates in the human body are

consumed as a source of energy

An organism has numerous amino acid monomers that need to be changed into a protein chain, which reaction will be used?

dehydration

In order to enter cells and be useful to the body, starch must be....

digested into simple sugars

what are the monomer units of a liquid

fatty acid

After eating a large plate of spaghetti, an organism must break down the starch into it smaller monomer sugars using which reaction?

hydrolysis

A scientist removed the cell membranes from bacteria cells in a culture. She analyzed the cell membranes for specific molecules. Which of these was probably the most common type of molecule present in the bacteria cell membranes?

lipid

Which group of organic compounds contains fatty acids?

lipids

The individual units that build can form a polymer are called...

monomers

RNA and DNA are which type of organic macromolecule?

nucleic acid

a sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base make up building blocks of what organic conpound

nucleic acid

What are the monomer units of a nucleic acid?

nucleotide

what are the repeating units form a DNA molecule

nucleotides

chemicals that help chemical reactions occur at faster rates in living organisms are known as

organic catalysts

What property of water molecules causes surface tension and cohesion?

polarity

Which chemical is classified as an enzyme?

protease

Enzymes are considered to be

protein

forming a chain of amino acids would produce what type of molecule

protein

A dog gets many nutrients from its food including amino acids. Which of these can be build directly using the amino acids?

proteins

Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell. Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?

reducing the activation energy

Once a new product leaves an enzyme, the enzyme is unchanged and ready for the next substrate. What is this called?

reusable

A substance that is dissolved in a liquid is called the

solute

Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site. What is this called?

specific

What is the purpose of an enzyme?

speeds up reactions

Creating a chain of sugar monomers would result in a ___________ molecule.

starch

Cardinals are birds that spend the winter in Maryland. Many people feed them sunflower seeds during the winter months. What are the monomer units of a carbohydrate?

sugar

What are the monomer units of a carbohydrate?

sugar

Which statement describes the polarity of a water molecule?

the oxygen end has a slight negative charge the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge

Which statement describes the major role of lipids within a cell?

they are the main structural components of membranes


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