biochemistry practice test
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
-ase
Why is carbon able to be the building block of organic compounds?
able to make 4 bonds
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
active site
Viruses are made up of either DNA or RNA surrounded by a coating of protein. When the two main substances that make up a virus are broken into smaller fragments, the fragments are _______
amino acids
What are the monomers of proteins?
amino acids
fructose, sucrose, and starch are all examples of
carbohydrates
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
catalyst
The main function of proteins in the cell is....
catalyzing chemical reactions in the cell
most carbohydrates in the human body are
consumed as a source of energy
An organism has numerous amino acid monomers that need to be changed into a protein chain, which reaction will be used?
dehydration
In order to enter cells and be useful to the body, starch must be....
digested into simple sugars
what are the monomer units of a liquid
fatty acid
After eating a large plate of spaghetti, an organism must break down the starch into it smaller monomer sugars using which reaction?
hydrolysis
A scientist removed the cell membranes from bacteria cells in a culture. She analyzed the cell membranes for specific molecules. Which of these was probably the most common type of molecule present in the bacteria cell membranes?
lipid
Which group of organic compounds contains fatty acids?
lipids
The individual units that build can form a polymer are called...
monomers
RNA and DNA are which type of organic macromolecule?
nucleic acid
a sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base make up building blocks of what organic conpound
nucleic acid
What are the monomer units of a nucleic acid?
nucleotide
what are the repeating units form a DNA molecule
nucleotides
chemicals that help chemical reactions occur at faster rates in living organisms are known as
organic catalysts
What property of water molecules causes surface tension and cohesion?
polarity
Which chemical is classified as an enzyme?
protease
Enzymes are considered to be
protein
forming a chain of amino acids would produce what type of molecule
protein
A dog gets many nutrients from its food including amino acids. Which of these can be build directly using the amino acids?
proteins
Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell. Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?
reducing the activation energy
Once a new product leaves an enzyme, the enzyme is unchanged and ready for the next substrate. What is this called?
reusable
A substance that is dissolved in a liquid is called the
solute
Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site. What is this called?
specific
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
speeds up reactions
Creating a chain of sugar monomers would result in a ___________ molecule.
starch
Cardinals are birds that spend the winter in Maryland. Many people feed them sunflower seeds during the winter months. What are the monomer units of a carbohydrate?
sugar
What are the monomer units of a carbohydrate?
sugar
Which statement describes the polarity of a water molecule?
the oxygen end has a slight negative charge the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge
Which statement describes the major role of lipids within a cell?
they are the main structural components of membranes
