BIOL 100 CH 20 Concepts of Animal Structure

The diagram shows examples of different types of epithelial tissues.

A. Simple squamous epithelium B. Lines esophagus C. Simple columnar epithelium D. Simple cuboidal epithelium/ lines tubes in kidnet

Which of the following is not an example of negative feedback?

After cutting your finger, the injured tissue releases chemicals that activate platelets in the blood. These activated platelets release chemicals to activate more platelets, leading to the formation of a blood clot.

Which of the following statements about organs is false?

An organ can only carry out the functions of its component tissues.

_____ is the connective tissue specialized for transport.

Blood

Which of the following is true? (melanoma cases)

Cases of melanoma have been increasing while deaths from this disease have been decreasing.

__________ are the fundamental units of life.

Cells

How does connective tissue differ from the other three major tissue types?

Connective tissue often consists of relatively few cells embedded in an extracellular matrix.

Which of the following is true? (Tanning beds)

Even a small amount of tanning bed use can lead to melanoma.

Which of these describes loose connective tissue?

It is a loose weave of fibers that functions as a packing material.

You run a tanning salon in California. Which of the following is true?

Minors are banned from your salon.

The heart is an example of a(n) ___________.

Organ

The heart pumps blood through blood vessels to reach all areas of the body. Together, the heart and blood vessels form a(n) __________.

Organ system

Which of these includes all of the others?

Organism

Which of these is an example of negative feedback?

The end product of a reaction sequence shuts down the reaction sequence.

Which of the following statements about the cells of the mucous membrane lining your air tubes is false?

They are stratified squamous epithelial cells.

Which of the following would be additional evidence that one of the functions of skin is the synthesis of vitamin D?

Vitamin D levels are lower in people who wear sunscreen.

Which of the following is a good example of homeostasis?

When blood CO2 increases, you breathe faster to get rid of CO2.

Anatomy is to physiology as ___________.

a book is to reading

Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?

adipose tissue

Cartilage is found _____.

at the ends of bones such as the femur

Myelin sheaths cover sections of some neurons. These neurons transmit information at a higher rate than neurons without a myelin sheath. Which part of the neuron is most likely covered by a myelin sheath?

axon

Which of the following does not indicate a well-designed study?

bias

Which of these is NOT one of the four major categories of tissue?

blood

Ligaments connect _____ to _____.

bone ... bone

Cardiac muscle is the only muscle composed of _____ fibers.

branched

Which of the following options lists the structural elements of organisms in the correct order, from smallest to largest?

cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms

Which of the following tissues is responsible for food absorption in the small intestines?

columnar epithelium

Connective tissue __________.

consists of cells scattered in an extracellular matrix

The main function of muscle tissue is

contraction

A neuron consists of _____.

dendrites, a cell body, and axons

Interstitial fluid is the _____.

fluid that bathes the cells of the body

The connection between structure and ________ is a basic concept of biology

function

Our body temperature stays constant no matter the changes that may occur in the outer environment - for example, a hot summer afternoon or a cold winter morning. This is an example of _____.

homeostasis

Materials such as food, minerals, and oxygen are passed to cells through

interstitial fluid.

What is the name given to the water-resistant protein found in skin?

keratin

The goal of homeostasis is the _____.

maintenance of internal conditions within a limited range

Structure in the living world is organized into hierarchical levels. Which of the following correctly lists these from least inclusive to most inclusive?

molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Which of the following is a correct match of cell type with structure?

muscle cell ... has proteins that slide back and forth

What are the four major categories of tissues?

nervous, epithelial, connective, and muscle

In addition to the integrity of the integumentary system, what other component of the skin protects against bacterial infection?

oil gland

What aspect of a bird's wings would be studied by a physiologist?

role of feather barbs in flight

What type of epithelial tissue, found in the intestines, absorbs nutrients?

simple columnar epithelium

Which of the following is an example of a tissue?

simple columnar epithelium lining the intestine

What type of epithelial tissue lines kidney tubules?

simple cuboidal cells

Which of these tissues, found in the lungs, permits gas exchange by diffusion?

simple squamous epithelium

_____ muscle is attached to bones.

skeletal

What type of muscle is responsible for contractions of the digestive tract and arteries?

smooth muscle

What type of epithelium would you expect to find covering a surface subject to physical forces?

stratified epithelium

The type of epithelium that lines the inside of your cheeks (within your mouth) is __________.

stratified squamous epithelium

Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by _____, which are made of _____.

tendons ... fibrous connective tissue

In terms of hierarchy of organization, organs fall between _____ and _____.

tissues ... organ systems

Nervous tissue functions _____.

to sense stimuli

Your family has a history of melanoma. Which of the following would be best for you to avoid?

ultraviolet light

Building Vocabulary: Animal Structure and Function

1. Tissues 2. Organs 3. Organ systems 4. exchange surfaces 5. integumentary system 6. homeostasis 7. negative feedback

The schematic diagram shows indirect exchange between the environment and the cells of a complex animal.

1. surface area 2. digestive system 3. respiratory system 4. urinary system 5. circulatory system 6. interstitial fluid

When did indoor tanning gain popularity?

1980s-1990s

Can you fill in the table about connective tissues?

A. Liquid matrix, functions in transport B. Bone C. Cartilage D. Adipose tissue/ fat storage; pads and insulates the body E. Fibrous connective tissue F. Loose weave of fibers, holds organs in place