BIOL1500 LAB QUIZ QUESTIONS

What voltage is gel electrophoresis run at ?

100V

Ocular lenses found in most compound light microscopes a magnification of?

10x

Below is a the volume listed on a P200 micropipette?

155 uL

What is the optimal temperature for most enzymes?

20 to 40 degrees Celsius

In order to separate PCR product bands produced by plant and GMO primers a ________ Arabize gel is required

3 percent

How long is gel electrophoresis typically run for?

30 minutes

How much ATP is generated by the complete oxidization of pyruvate into CO2 and H2O via aerobic respiration?

36-38

You are using a compound microscope and you have the objective lens set to 40x. What is the total magnification you are using to view the specimen?

400x

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis ?

6CO2 + 6H2O+LIGHT ——— C6H12O6 +6O2

Match the step of PCR with what is occurring in the test tube

Annealing: DNA primers hybridize to the DNA strand Denaturation: double stranded DNA me,to go single stranded DNA melts to single stranded DNA Extension: DNA strand elongates with DNA polymerase

Your heart rate, or pulse, is the number of times your heart __________

Beats per minute

The linear relationship between the concentration of a colored situation and its light absorbance is known as the

Beer-lamberts law

CO2 is converted into a stable organic compound through a process known as

Carbon fixation

The process by which organisms chemically oxidize organic compounds as a means of generating ATP is?

Cellular respiration

What is used to compare observed ratios for a given cross compared with predicted ratios?

Chi square analysis (x2)

What color-producing chemical will be used in today's lab to determine the concentration of glucose solutions through absorbance readings?

Chromogen

What are autosomes?

Chromosomes 1-22

Below is an image of a compound light microscope. What is represented by the letter F?

Coarse focus adjustment knob

If you were given a sample of bacteria to analyze, which microscope would be best for quickly identifying the specimen?

Compound

In prokaryotic cells, catabolism of pyruvate takes place in the ________. Whereas, in eukaryotic cells, it occurs in the _________

Cytoplasm ; mitochondria

___________ is more resistant than ___________ to processing and can be extracted from highly processed foods among it a better option for identifying GM in food.

DNA;proteins

What will happen in the experiment when light hits the chloroplasts?

DPIP will change from blue to colorless There will be an increase in light transmittance DPIP will be reduced

2nd phase/step

Dark reactions

What is the correct order for the steps of PCR amplification?

Denaturation, annealing, extension

What number do chromosomes of somatic cells contain?

Diploid number 2n

Name the two types of peas we will be doing in lab

Dormant peas and germinating peas

What is the test that can be used to detect proteins that are produced in GM crops ?

ELISA

At which stages of aerobic cellular respiration are ATP produced?

ETC, KREBS, GLYCOLYSIS, CHEMIOSMOSIS

Which has a smaller wavelength:electrons or visible light?

Electrons

The first offspring from a monohybrid cross is called the

F1 generation

A denatured enzyme can catalyze a chemical reaction

False

A molecular weight ruler, aka ladder is used as a reference to determine the charge of your products

False

Dissecting microscopes allow higher magnification than compound microscopes

False

Enzyme activity typically occurs within a very broad pH range

False

Fermentation generates ATP

False

If the results of a patients two "random" glucose readings are 196 mg/dL and 200 mg/dL, this person meets the criteria of diabetes mellitus

False

Only glucose can be broken down to generate ATP

False

Photosynthesis is a catabolic process

False

Plant cells are like red blood cells and can potentially bursts when placed in a certain solution,

False

Simple diffusion requires energy input

False

To view a specimen under an electron microscope, it has to be living.

False

During the process of gel electrophoresis combs are used to

Form the wells that samples are placed in

The act of placing genes for selected traits directly into crop plants is a form of genetic modification known as

Genetic transformation

What is the genetic composition of an organism called?

Genotype

What is the end product of photosynthesis (for the plant) ?

Glucose

Match the process to its substrate

Glycolysis - glucose Krebs cycle pyruvic acid/Pyruvate ETC- electrons

Who is known as the founder of genetics ?

Gregor Mendel

DNA polymerase is derived from a bacterium that lives in

High-temperature steam vents

The variable that is manipulated or varied by the researcher in an experiment is the

Independent variable

The color of a situation and the wavelength of light it absorbs have a ________ relationship.

Inverse

Many species are unable to utilize oxygen as a final electron acceptor during cellular respiration due to:

Lack of ETC proteins, lack of oxygen in the environment, lack of enzyme needed to inactivate free radicals.

1 phase/step

Light reactions

What will happen when a red blood cell is placed in distilled water?

Lysis will occur

Scientific method order

Making observations , developing hypothesis, design an experiment and test hypothesis, analyze results, repeat

The movement of water molecules from a region of high free water concentration to a region of low free water concentration is known as______.

Osmosis

Timidity is the measure of what?

Osmotic pressure

What micropipettes could be used to measure out 175uL of liquid?

P200 and P1000

PS2

P680

PS1

P700

DNA from bacillus thuringiensis is incorporated into the genomes of crops to make them

Pest resistant

What is the appearance of a particular trait called ?

Phenotype

ALP catalyze the hydrolysis of _____________ attached to proteins or lipids

Phosphate groups

Large complexes of proteins and pigments (light absorbing molecules)that are optimized to harvest light are called

Photosystems

A Scanning electron microscope does what of the following?

Produce 3-D images of the surfaces of objects.

When leaf pigments absorb light, electrons are boosted to a higher energy level, providing energy to

Produce ATP and reduce NADP+

What macromolecule is an enzyme classified as?

Protein

The difference between dialysis tubing and real cell membrane is that

Real membranes are more selective

Blue-colored objects absorb which wavelength of light the most?

Red

Being able to reproduce results of an experiment on a separate day follows the principles of

Similarity of causation

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA on the basis of what?

Size of DNA

Which of the following molecules can diffuse through a cell membrane?

Small molecules

What factors determine how fast water moves across a membrane?

Solute concentration difference Hydrostatic pressure

What is the name of the machine we will use in today's lab to. Easier the amount of light that is absorbed by a solution?

Spectrophotometer

Primers serve as _________ for amplifying the target region of the DNA to be copied.

Start and stop points

During the dark reactions, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is brought into the leaf through tiny pores called:

Stomata

What is added to a gel that allows us to visualize DNA

Sybersafe dye

What type of buffer is used to run gel electrophoresis

TAE

What will happen when a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?

The cell becomes shriveled.

What happens if either the enzyme or substrate is limited?

The enzymes reaction rate will remain constant

What is the P generation?

The first set of parents crossed

Aerobic respiration yields more ATP than anaerobic respiration

True

In the United States, genetically modified foods do not have to be labeled as such?

True

Independent variables are usually plotted in the x-axis of a graph, whereas dependent variables are usually plotted on the Y-Axis?

True

Moving molecules against their concentration gradient requires energy

True

Potential allergic reactions to novel proteins and antibiotics resistance from selectable markers are major arguments against/concerns sssociated with the GMO Industry

True

When an enzyme reaction rate doubles for every 10 degree Celsius increase in temperature it's called the Q10 effect.

True

You must heat up the Arabize to dissolve it

True

The cause behind the results of an experiment will stay the same if we repeat the experiment tomorrow follows the principles of :

Uniformity

What does homozygous mean?

When the same pair of alleles composes a trait

Your resting heart rate is

When your heart rate is at its slowest When your heart rate is pumping the most amount of blood

What color will the product of today's experiment (pNP) turn?

Yellow

What is the in vitro substrate for alkaline phosphatase that we will be using in lab?

pNPP

What determines resolution?

-lens diameter -magnification -visual activity -lens quality

100uL is equivalent to

0.1 mL

From start to finish, place in order the laboratory steps that must be accomplished in order to identify DNA from samples/organisms

1. DNA isolation 2. PCR amplification 3. Gel electrophoresis of PCR products 4. Analysis of gel results

What is the enzyme we will be using in lab today ?

ALP

Cell dominant alleles be masked by recessive alleles?

No

In an experiment design to determine the rate of reaction based on the content of each beaker, the hypothesis that states there will be no difference in the outcome of the experiment is:

Null hypothesis

Below is an image of a compound light microscope. What is represented by the letter B ?

Objective lens