BIOL1500 LAB QUIZ QUESTIONS
What voltage is gel electrophoresis run at ?
100V
Ocular lenses found in most compound light microscopes a magnification of?
10x
Below is a the volume listed on a P200 micropipette?
155 uL
What is the optimal temperature for most enzymes?
20 to 40 degrees Celsius
In order to separate PCR product bands produced by plant and GMO primers a ________ Arabize gel is required
3 percent
How long is gel electrophoresis typically run for?
30 minutes
How much ATP is generated by the complete oxidization of pyruvate into CO2 and H2O via aerobic respiration?
36-38
You are using a compound microscope and you have the objective lens set to 40x. What is the total magnification you are using to view the specimen?
400x
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis ?
6CO2 + 6H2O+LIGHT ——— C6H12O6 +6O2
Match the step of PCR with what is occurring in the test tube
Annealing: DNA primers hybridize to the DNA strand Denaturation: double stranded DNA me,to go single stranded DNA melts to single stranded DNA Extension: DNA strand elongates with DNA polymerase
Your heart rate, or pulse, is the number of times your heart __________
Beats per minute
The linear relationship between the concentration of a colored situation and its light absorbance is known as the
Beer-lamberts law
CO2 is converted into a stable organic compound through a process known as
Carbon fixation
The process by which organisms chemically oxidize organic compounds as a means of generating ATP is?
Cellular respiration
What is used to compare observed ratios for a given cross compared with predicted ratios?
Chi square analysis (x2)
What color-producing chemical will be used in today's lab to determine the concentration of glucose solutions through absorbance readings?
Chromogen
What are autosomes?
Chromosomes 1-22
Below is an image of a compound light microscope. What is represented by the letter F?
Coarse focus adjustment knob
If you were given a sample of bacteria to analyze, which microscope would be best for quickly identifying the specimen?
Compound
In prokaryotic cells, catabolism of pyruvate takes place in the ________. Whereas, in eukaryotic cells, it occurs in the _________
Cytoplasm ; mitochondria
___________ is more resistant than ___________ to processing and can be extracted from highly processed foods among it a better option for identifying GM in food.
DNA;proteins
What will happen in the experiment when light hits the chloroplasts?
DPIP will change from blue to colorless There will be an increase in light transmittance DPIP will be reduced
2nd phase/step
Dark reactions
What is the correct order for the steps of PCR amplification?
Denaturation, annealing, extension
What number do chromosomes of somatic cells contain?
Diploid number 2n
Name the two types of peas we will be doing in lab
Dormant peas and germinating peas
What is the test that can be used to detect proteins that are produced in GM crops ?
ELISA
At which stages of aerobic cellular respiration are ATP produced?
ETC, KREBS, GLYCOLYSIS, CHEMIOSMOSIS
Which has a smaller wavelength:electrons or visible light?
Electrons
The first offspring from a monohybrid cross is called the
F1 generation
A denatured enzyme can catalyze a chemical reaction
False
A molecular weight ruler, aka ladder is used as a reference to determine the charge of your products
False
Dissecting microscopes allow higher magnification than compound microscopes
False
Enzyme activity typically occurs within a very broad pH range
False
Fermentation generates ATP
False
If the results of a patients two "random" glucose readings are 196 mg/dL and 200 mg/dL, this person meets the criteria of diabetes mellitus
False
Only glucose can be broken down to generate ATP
False
Photosynthesis is a catabolic process
False
Plant cells are like red blood cells and can potentially bursts when placed in a certain solution,
False
Simple diffusion requires energy input
False
To view a specimen under an electron microscope, it has to be living.
False
During the process of gel electrophoresis combs are used to
Form the wells that samples are placed in
The act of placing genes for selected traits directly into crop plants is a form of genetic modification known as
Genetic transformation
What is the genetic composition of an organism called?
Genotype
What is the end product of photosynthesis (for the plant) ?
Glucose
Match the process to its substrate
Glycolysis - glucose Krebs cycle pyruvic acid/Pyruvate ETC- electrons
Who is known as the founder of genetics ?
Gregor Mendel
DNA polymerase is derived from a bacterium that lives in
High-temperature steam vents
The variable that is manipulated or varied by the researcher in an experiment is the
Independent variable
The color of a situation and the wavelength of light it absorbs have a ________ relationship.
Inverse
Many species are unable to utilize oxygen as a final electron acceptor during cellular respiration due to:
Lack of ETC proteins, lack of oxygen in the environment, lack of enzyme needed to inactivate free radicals.
1 phase/step
Light reactions
What will happen when a red blood cell is placed in distilled water?
Lysis will occur
Scientific method order
Making observations , developing hypothesis, design an experiment and test hypothesis, analyze results, repeat
The movement of water molecules from a region of high free water concentration to a region of low free water concentration is known as______.
Osmosis
Timidity is the measure of what?
Osmotic pressure
What micropipettes could be used to measure out 175uL of liquid?
P200 and P1000
PS2
P680
PS1
P700
DNA from bacillus thuringiensis is incorporated into the genomes of crops to make them
Pest resistant
What is the appearance of a particular trait called ?
Phenotype
ALP catalyze the hydrolysis of _____________ attached to proteins or lipids
Phosphate groups
Large complexes of proteins and pigments (light absorbing molecules)that are optimized to harvest light are called
Photosystems
A Scanning electron microscope does what of the following?
Produce 3-D images of the surfaces of objects.
When leaf pigments absorb light, electrons are boosted to a higher energy level, providing energy to
Produce ATP and reduce NADP+
What macromolecule is an enzyme classified as?
Protein
The difference between dialysis tubing and real cell membrane is that
Real membranes are more selective
Blue-colored objects absorb which wavelength of light the most?
Red
Being able to reproduce results of an experiment on a separate day follows the principles of
Similarity of causation
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA on the basis of what?
Size of DNA
Which of the following molecules can diffuse through a cell membrane?
Small molecules
What factors determine how fast water moves across a membrane?
Solute concentration difference Hydrostatic pressure
What is the name of the machine we will use in today's lab to. Easier the amount of light that is absorbed by a solution?
Spectrophotometer
Primers serve as _________ for amplifying the target region of the DNA to be copied.
Start and stop points
During the dark reactions, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is brought into the leaf through tiny pores called:
Stomata
What is added to a gel that allows us to visualize DNA
Sybersafe dye
What type of buffer is used to run gel electrophoresis
TAE
What will happen when a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?
The cell becomes shriveled.
What happens if either the enzyme or substrate is limited?
The enzymes reaction rate will remain constant
What is the P generation?
The first set of parents crossed
Aerobic respiration yields more ATP than anaerobic respiration
True
In the United States, genetically modified foods do not have to be labeled as such?
True
Independent variables are usually plotted in the x-axis of a graph, whereas dependent variables are usually plotted on the Y-Axis?
True
Moving molecules against their concentration gradient requires energy
True
Potential allergic reactions to novel proteins and antibiotics resistance from selectable markers are major arguments against/concerns sssociated with the GMO Industry
True
When an enzyme reaction rate doubles for every 10 degree Celsius increase in temperature it's called the Q10 effect.
True
You must heat up the Arabize to dissolve it
True
The cause behind the results of an experiment will stay the same if we repeat the experiment tomorrow follows the principles of :
Uniformity
What does homozygous mean?
When the same pair of alleles composes a trait
Your resting heart rate is
When your heart rate is at its slowest When your heart rate is pumping the most amount of blood
What color will the product of today's experiment (pNP) turn?
Yellow
What is the in vitro substrate for alkaline phosphatase that we will be using in lab?
pNPP
What determines resolution?
-lens diameter -magnification -visual activity -lens quality
100uL is equivalent to
0.1 mL
From start to finish, place in order the laboratory steps that must be accomplished in order to identify DNA from samples/organisms
1. DNA isolation 2. PCR amplification 3. Gel electrophoresis of PCR products 4. Analysis of gel results
What is the enzyme we will be using in lab today ?
ALP
Cell dominant alleles be masked by recessive alleles?
No
In an experiment design to determine the rate of reaction based on the content of each beaker, the hypothesis that states there will be no difference in the outcome of the experiment is:
Null hypothesis
Below is an image of a compound light microscope. What is represented by the letter B ?
Objective lens