LC Unit 6

Each time Suzy wears her yellow dress to school she receives a compliment. According to Thorndike, she will wear her yellow dress to school more often because she received praise. This is known as:

law of effect

Cody is doing research with pigeons. He is using a device where the pigeon can press a key to release a reward of food. Each response is recorded for his research. What type of device is being used?

operant chamber

What stimulus did B. F. Skinner believe was the best way to shape desirable behavior?

pos rein

Aiyana repeatedly hears a tone just before having a puff of air directed into her eye. Blinking in response to a tone presented without a puff of air is a(n):

CR

Jane had leukemia as a child and had to undergo numerous bouts of chemotherapy. The chemotherapy always made her nauseous. As she underwent a year of treatment, the waiting room started to make her nauseous. The nausea from the waiting room is the:

CR

Jane had leukemia as a child and had to undergo numerous bouts of chemotherapy. The chemotherapy always made her nauseous. As she underwent a year of treatment, the waiting room started to make her nauseous. The waiting room became the:

CS

*Checking the oven every five minutes to see if the cookies are ready is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

FI

"Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select -- doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief, and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors." Which of the following psychologists made this statement?

John B Watson

Trisha is studying for a standardized test. In order to prepare more efficiently, she is using an online adaptive quizzing program that provides her with individualized questions. This programs allows her to learn at her own pace and provides her with immediate feedback. What type of principles is she applying in her education?

Operant conditioning

Parent training researchers have reminded us that by saying "Get ready to go to bed" and then caving into protests can have a negative effect and lead to a possible destructive parent-child relationship. Why?

Parents reinforce whining and arguing which leads to increased whining behavior causing the parent to become frustrated and resort to punishment.

Jack finds it extremely difficult to pull himself away from the blackjack table. He keeps thinking he will break even as the next hand will be his winning one. This is a _____ schedule.

VR

Every time Martin opens the cabinet where he stores his dog's treats his dog begins to bark in anticipation. This is an example of:

associative learning

Through direct experience with animals, people come to anticipate that dogs will bark and that birds will chirp. This best illustrates:

associative learning

Taste aversion is a real-life example of which of the following types of learning?

classical cond

Robert Rescorla's research demonstrated the importance of _____ in classical conditioning.

cognition

One main difference between punishment and reinforcement is that the goal of reinforcement is to _____ a behavior, while the goal of punishment is to _____ a behavior.

increase, decrease

Juan easily taught his cat to jump through a hoop for the reward of food, but could not get his cat to fetch a ball and return the ball to him. The cat would chase the ball but use his paws to roll the ball so he could chase the ball again. The reason the cat had difficulties with fetching the ball was because of:

instinctive drift

Marshall takes his 1-year-old son, Marcus, out for a walk. Marcus reaches over to touch a red flower and is stung by a bumblebee sitting on the petals. The next day, Marcus's mother brings home some red flowers. She removes a flower from the arrangement and takes it over for her baby to smell. Marcus cries loudly as soon as he sees it. According to the principles of classical conditioning, what is the conditioned response in this example?

marcus crying

The process of learning and imitating behavior is called _____.

modeling

Michael is busy with the work project that he brought home. His son wants him to put a movie in the DVD player. Michael tells him to wait 10 minutes; however, his son whines and complains so much that Michael decides to put the movie in right now. This best illustrates the value of:

negative reinforcement

Watson and Rayner taught Little Albert to fear white rats by:

repeatedly pairing a loud noise with the presentation of a white rat.

Whenever Tamika tries to talk on the telephone, her ten-year-old son Jamal repeatedly interrupts her. If Tamika wanted to use operant conditioning principles to successfully alleviate the behavior, the most efficient response would be to:

reward Jamal for not interrupting her during a phone call.

Jane had leukemia as a child and had to undergo numerous bouts of chemotherapy. She had associated the waiting room with nausea. Now 35 years old, she had to take her mother to the same hospital for breast cancer treatment. She became nauseous while in the waiting room with her mother. Her nausea best illustrates:

spontaneous recovery

In Pavlov's original experiments, dogs were classically conditioned to associate a bell with the presentation of food and responded with increased salivation. According to Robert Rescorla, what had the dogs learned?

that the bell was a signal that reliably predicted that food would follow