Biology 1:10-1

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Man selecting for plants and animals with useful traits

artificial selection

The term ___________________ refers to an organism's ability to survive and produce fertile offspring.

fitness

an organism's relative ability to survive and produce fertile offspring

fitness

The ___________________ Darwin found helped convince him that species change over time.

fossils

states that the traits that an organism develops during it life can be passed on to offspring

inheritance of acquired characteristics

In 1831, Darwin set sail on a scientific expedition on a ship called the HMS ___________________

Beagle

ship on which Darwin served as naturalist

Beagle

Darwin's most important observation were made on the ___________________ Islands.

Galapagos

small volcanic islands where Darwin made his most important discoveries

Galapagos

One of the first scientists to propose that species change over time was?

Lamarck

Darwin's theory of evolution unifies all of ___________________

biology

the process by which evolution occurs

natural selection

Darwin proposed that ___________________ selects the variations in organisms that are most useful.

nature

Natural selection states that...

nature selects the variations within a species that are most useful for survival

From Malthus, Darwin knew that populations could grow faster than their ___________________

resources

During the voyage of the Beagle , Darwin...

saw many plants and animals he had never seen before, experienced an earthquake that lifted the ocean floor 9 feet, dug up fossils of giant extinct mammals

Darwin was influenced by his knowledge of artificial ___________________

selection

The voyage of the Beagle circled the globe. The voyage lasted...

5 years

________________ developed the theory of evolution by natural selection.

Charles Darwin

his theory of evolution unifies all of biology

Darwin

one of the first scientists to propose that species change over time

Lamarck

___________________ said that Earth must be far older than most people believed.

Lyell

argued that gradual geological processes have gradually shaped Earth's surface

Lyell

Who argued that human populations grow faster than the resources they depend on?

Malthus

argued that human populations grow faster than the resources they rely on

Malthus

Where did Darwin make some of his most important observations that helped him develop his theory?

The Galapagos islands

___________________'s paper on evolution confirmed Darwin's ideas.

Wallace

developed a theory of evolution at the same time as Darwin

Wallace

Aboard the Beagle, Darwin served as

a naturalist

Lamarck developed the idea known as the inheritance of ___________________ characteristics.

acquired

change in species over time

evolution

According to Darwin, natural selection is what occurs, and evolution is how it happens.

false

Artificial selection occurs when nature selects for beneficial traits.

false

Darwin published his findings soon after returning to England from the voyage of the Beagle.

false

Lamarck was one of the first scientists to propose that species evolve by natural selection.

false

Lamarck's inheritance of acquired characteristics has become a widely accepted scientific theory.

false

The individual Galapagos Islands are all similar to each other.

false

The term "fitness" refers to an organisms ability to outrun its hunters.

false

The Galapagos Islands are known for having giant ___________________ with differently shaped shells.

tortoises

Alfred Russel Wallace developed a theory of evolution at the same time as Darwin.

true

As recently as 200 years ago, many people believed the Earth was only 6,000 years old.

true

Darwin's book changed the way we think about species.

true

During his journey about the Beagle, Darwin found fossils from the seas high in the mountains.

true

Fossils proved to Darwin that species can evolve.

true

Galapagos tortoises have differently shaped shells depending on where they live.

true

Lyell was one of the first to say that Earth must be far older than most people believed.

true

Malthus argued that human populations grow faster than their resources.

true


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