Biology 1:10-1
Man selecting for plants and animals with useful traits
artificial selection
The term ___________________ refers to an organism's ability to survive and produce fertile offspring.
fitness
an organism's relative ability to survive and produce fertile offspring
fitness
The ___________________ Darwin found helped convince him that species change over time.
fossils
states that the traits that an organism develops during it life can be passed on to offspring
inheritance of acquired characteristics
In 1831, Darwin set sail on a scientific expedition on a ship called the HMS ___________________
Beagle
ship on which Darwin served as naturalist
Beagle
Darwin's most important observation were made on the ___________________ Islands.
Galapagos
small volcanic islands where Darwin made his most important discoveries
Galapagos
One of the first scientists to propose that species change over time was?
Lamarck
Darwin's theory of evolution unifies all of ___________________
biology
the process by which evolution occurs
natural selection
Darwin proposed that ___________________ selects the variations in organisms that are most useful.
nature
Natural selection states that...
nature selects the variations within a species that are most useful for survival
From Malthus, Darwin knew that populations could grow faster than their ___________________
resources
During the voyage of the Beagle , Darwin...
saw many plants and animals he had never seen before, experienced an earthquake that lifted the ocean floor 9 feet, dug up fossils of giant extinct mammals
Darwin was influenced by his knowledge of artificial ___________________
selection
The voyage of the Beagle circled the globe. The voyage lasted...
5 years
________________ developed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Charles Darwin
his theory of evolution unifies all of biology
Darwin
one of the first scientists to propose that species change over time
Lamarck
___________________ said that Earth must be far older than most people believed.
Lyell
argued that gradual geological processes have gradually shaped Earth's surface
Lyell
Who argued that human populations grow faster than the resources they depend on?
Malthus
argued that human populations grow faster than the resources they rely on
Malthus
Where did Darwin make some of his most important observations that helped him develop his theory?
The Galapagos islands
___________________'s paper on evolution confirmed Darwin's ideas.
Wallace
developed a theory of evolution at the same time as Darwin
Wallace
Aboard the Beagle, Darwin served as
a naturalist
Lamarck developed the idea known as the inheritance of ___________________ characteristics.
acquired
change in species over time
evolution
According to Darwin, natural selection is what occurs, and evolution is how it happens.
false
Artificial selection occurs when nature selects for beneficial traits.
false
Darwin published his findings soon after returning to England from the voyage of the Beagle.
false
Lamarck was one of the first scientists to propose that species evolve by natural selection.
false
Lamarck's inheritance of acquired characteristics has become a widely accepted scientific theory.
false
The individual Galapagos Islands are all similar to each other.
false
The term "fitness" refers to an organisms ability to outrun its hunters.
false
The Galapagos Islands are known for having giant ___________________ with differently shaped shells.
tortoises
Alfred Russel Wallace developed a theory of evolution at the same time as Darwin.
true
As recently as 200 years ago, many people believed the Earth was only 6,000 years old.
true
Darwin's book changed the way we think about species.
true
During his journey about the Beagle, Darwin found fossils from the seas high in the mountains.
true
Fossils proved to Darwin that species can evolve.
true
Galapagos tortoises have differently shaped shells depending on where they live.
true
Lyell was one of the first to say that Earth must be far older than most people believed.
true
Malthus argued that human populations grow faster than their resources.
true
