BIOLOGY 110 CHAPTERS 4 & 5 EXAM

B.SODIUM IONS ARE TRANSPORTED DOWN THEIR CONCENTRATION GRADIENT

In the cotransport of glucose and sodium ions: A glucose molecules are transported down their concentration gradient. B sodium ions are transported down their concentration gradient. C the transport of glucose powers the transport of sodium. D ATP causes a conformational change in the carrier protein.X E an antiport carrier protein is involved

C. DIFFUSION

The passive movement of a substance along its concentration gradient is termed: A active transport. B dialysis. C diffusion. D exocytosis. E osmosis.

A.HYPERTONIC

If the concentration of solutes in a cell is less than the concentration of solutes in the surrounding fluid, then the extracellular fluid is said to be: A hypertonic. B hypotonic. C isotonic. D stable. E amphipathic.

C. HAVING THIN, FINGER-LIKE PROJECTIONS

One strategy that allows larger cells to have an effective surface area to volume ratio is: A having a completely spherical shape. B being short and fat. C having thin, finger-like projections. D having a thinner plasma membrane. E locomotion.

A.LACK A NUCLEUS

Prokaryotes: A lack a nucleus. B lack DNA. C use the cell membrane rather than ribosomes for making proteins. D contain numerous organelles. E are relatively benign cells incapable of harming organisms

D.GOLGI COMPLEX

Proteins made on ribosomes may be further modified within the: A lysosomes. B nucleus. C mitochondria. D Golgi complex. E peroxisomes.

C.CRISTAE

The inner membrane folds within the mitochondria are called the: A intermembrane space. B grana. C cristae. D matrices. E plastids.

C.CYTOSKELETON-STRUCTURAL SUPPORT

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched? A chloroplast- production of proteins B lysosome- ATP production C cytoskeleton - structural support D ER- structural support of the cell E Golgi complex−production of carbohydrates

E. PROTEINS

Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that produce which of the following molecules? A steroids B lipids C glucose D starches E proteins

E.STORAGE OF NUCLEIC ACIDS

All of the following functions are performed by plant vacuoles EXCEPT: A maintaining hydrostatic (turgor) pressure. B waste storage and recycling. C storage of proteins. D storage of ions and pigments. E storage of nucleic acids.

A.CHLOROPLASTS AND MITOCHONDRIA ARE COMPLETELY AUTONOMOUS WITHIN EUKARYOTIC CELLS

The theory that chloroplasts and mitochondria had their evolutionary beginnings in eukaryotic cells as endosymbionts is supported by all of the following EXCEPT: A chloroplasts and mitochondria are completely autonomous within eukaryotic cells. B chloroplasts and mitochondria have DNA. C chloroplasts and mitochondria have small ribosomes for The theory that chloroplasts and mitochondria had their evolutionary beginnings in eukaryotic cells as protein synthesis. D chloroplasts and mitochondria are approximately the same size as prokaryotic cells. E chloroplasts and mitochondria have the same shape as some prokaryotic cells.

E.SIMPLE DIFFUSION

A bottle of perfume is opened on the opposite side of the room and within minutes you begin to smell the perfume. This phenomenon is a classic example of: A dialysis. B osmosis. C active transport. D facilitated diffusion. E simple diffusion.

C.CILIA AND FLAGELLA

A basal body is associated with: A ribosome. B thylakoid. C cilia and flagella. D vessicle. E lysosome.

C.PHAGOCYTOSIS

A human white blood cell engulfs a bacterial cell by: A carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion. B exocytosis. C phagocytosis. D pinocytosis. E the sodium-potassium pump.

C.UNDERGO PLASMOLYSIS

A plant cell placed in a hypertonic solution will: A remain unchanged. B undergo lysis. C undergo plasmolysis. D swell slightly. E become crenated.

A.NUCLEUS

A single cell in a smoker's lung has become cancerous. It doubles its DNA and divides much faster than a normal lung cell. The most likely change that would have caused this condition took place in the: A nucleus. B nucleolus. C microtubule. D mitochondria. E lysosome.

D.COMPLETELY EXTENDS THROUGH THE MEMBRANE

A transmembrane protein differs from other membrane proteins because it: A is covalently linked to the outer surface of the plasma membrane. B is a glycoprotein with carbohydrates attached. C is attached to the inside of the membrane by an ionic bond. D completely extends through the membrane.

A.LYSOSOME

Due to the lack of an enzyme to break down lipids, excess accumulation of lipids in the brain leads to a human disease called Tay Sachs syndrome. Which organelle is likely to be the one that lacks the proper enzyme needed for lipid breakdown? A lysosome B tonoplast C mitochondria D Gogli apparatus (complex) E Peroxisome