Biology 1230 XULA
This labeled structure is a phospholpid. a. E b. C c. A d. B e. D
E
Proteins with alpha-helical forms (such as collagen) exhibit this property: a. strength. b. elasticity. c. heat stability. d. rigidity. e. hydrophobicity.
Elasticity
A carbohydrate energy storage molecule found in animal liver and muscle cells is: a. starch. b. glycogen. c. a fatty acid. d. cholesterol. e. cellulose
Glycogen
Which of the following will still occur if the cell is deprived of oxygen? a. citric acid cycle b. electron transport c. glycolysis d. none of the preceding
Glycolysis
Which of the following will still occur if the cell is deprived of oxygen? a. glycolysis b. electron transport c. none of the preceding d. citric acid cycle
Glycolysis
Which of the following will still occur if the cell is deprived of oxygen? a. glycolysis b. none of the preceding c. electron transport d. citric acid cycle
Glycolysis
This cellular organelle is involved in secretion. a. endoplasmic reticulum b. chromosome c. golgi d. nucleus
Golgi
The __________ can be considered a sorting, processing and packaging center. a. centriole b. vacuole c. cytoskeleton d. Golgi complex e. centrosome
Golgi Complex
A certain enzyme binds substrate A more easily than it binds substrate B. The enzyme has _________ specificity for substrate A. a. lesser b. greater
Greater
Which property of water enables living things to survive in ponds covered with ice? a. cohesion b. high heat of vaporization c. degree of surface tension d. greatest density at 4⁰C e. high specific heat
Greatest density at 4⁰C
The reactants of the light-dependent reactions are: a. CO2, ADP, and NADP+. b. H2O, ADP, and NADP+. c. CO2, ADP, and NADPH. d. H2O, ATP, and NADPH. e. H2O, CO2, and NADP+.
H2O, ADP, and NADP+
Which of the following is a key component of the cytoskeleton? a. DNA b. centrosome c. endoplasmic reticulum d. ribosomes e. microtubules
Microtubules
Gametophyte plants produce gametes using: a. sporogenesis. b. polyploidy. c. fertilization. d. mitosis. e. meiosis.
Mitosis
The M phase of the cell cycle involves two main processes: a. homologous pairing and crossing-over. b. mitosis and meiosis. c. meiosis I and meiosis II. d. mitosis and cytokinesis. e. interphase and mitosis.
Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Figure 2-2 represents: a. molecular oxygen. b. molecular helium. c. molecular hydrogen. d. elemental helium. e. a water molecule.
Molecular Hydrogen
Which pair is mismatched? a. disaccharide-sucrose b. pentose-ribose c. monsaccharide-maltose d. hexose-glucose e. polysaccharide-cellulose
Monosaccharide- maltose
Which labeled structures must be amphipathic. a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E f. More than one of these
More than One of These
The major difference between a structural lipid, such as those in cell membranes, and a storage fat is the fact that the structural lipid: a. is entirely hydrophobic. b. does not contain glycerol. c. has four fatty acids attached to glucose. d. most commonly contains phosphate. e. is nonpolar.
Most commonly contains phosphate
Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is FALSE? a. Each enzyme has an optimal pH. b. Most enzymes are highly specific. c. Most enzymes are RNA molecules. d. Some enzymes require cofactors. e. Each enzyme has an optimal temperature.
Most enzymes are RNA molecules
The enzyme graphed above will work best in: a. a strongly alkaline medium b. a neutral medium c. a strongly acidic medium d. none of the preceding
Neutral Medium
Which of the following could occur in a eukaryotic cell lacking mitochondria? a. citric acid cycle b. fermentation c. electron transport d. none of the preceding
None of the Preceding
The bonds present in a/an _____ compound result from an equal sharing on electrons. a. hydrophilic b. polar c. nonpolar d. ionic
Nonpolar
The difference between the two atoms in Figure 2-1 is: a. pH. b. the number of neutrons. c. electrical charge. d. the number of protons. e. the number of electrons.
Number of Neutrons
The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by most directly by the: a. atomic number. b. number of neutrons. c. number of energy levels. d. number of valence electrons. e. atomic weight.
Number of valence electrons
Chlorine has seven electrons in its valence shell. The number of electrons it must gain to complete its valence shell is: a. three. b. two. c. seven. d. one. e. eight.
One
Which has the great potential energy? a. six molecules of CO2 + 6 molecules of H2O b. one molecule of glucose
One molecule of Glucose
Which has the great potential energy? a. two molecules of pyruvate b. one molecule of glucose
One molecule of Glucose
NADH and FADH2 are the products of: a. glycolysis. b. decarboxylation reactions. c. chemiosmosis. d. formation of acetyl coenzyme A. e. oxidation-reduction reactions.
Oxidation-Reductions reactions
In aerobic respiration, glucose is completely: a. reduced to ATP. b. reduced to energy. c. oxidized to carbon dioxide. d. oxidized to water. e. oxidized and reduced simultaneously.
Oxidized to Carbon Dioxide
According to the fluid-mosaic model the basic structural molecules of the membrane are: a. fats b. peripheral proteins c. phospholipids d. steroids e. glycoproteins
Phospholipids
Which component of a prokaryotic cell is most closely associated with the synthesis of ATP? a. ribosome b. nucleolus c. mitochondtion d. Golgi complex e. plasma membrane
Plasma Membrane
The organelle featured in Figure 4-3: a. plays a vital role in packaging materials to be secreted. b. plays a central role in energy metabolism. c. is located in the nucleus. d. is the major site of protein synthesis in the cell. e. is present in a few prokaryotes.
Plays central role in energy metabolism
Energy stored within the molecules of ATP is in the form of __________ energy. a. kinetic b. nuclear c. heat d. light e. potential
Potential
When you heat an aqueous protein solution to 60 degrees C, which one of the following levels of protein structure is not affected? a. secondary structure b. primary sructure c. quateary structure d. tertiary structure
Primary structure
During which phase does crossing-over occur? a. metaphase I b. interphase c. metaphase II d. prophase I e. prophase II
Prophase I
Which of the following statements is true of proteins? a. The activity of proteins is independent of temperature and pH. b. Denaturation is usually reversible. c. Proteins are composed of ribose, phosphate, and a nitrogen-containing base. d. Proteins lose some or all of their normal activity if their three-dimensional structure is disrupted. e. All proteins are enzymes.
Proteins lose some, or all, of their normal activity if their 3D structure is disrupted.
The particular type of element is determined by the number of: a. electrons b. valence electrons c. neutrons d. energy levels e. protons
Protons
The molecular fragment represented in Figure 3-3 is: a. a polysaccharide. b. ATP. c. RNA. d. a nucleotide. e. a protein.
RNA
The fluid filled space enclosed by the inner membrane of a chloroplast is the: a. stroma. b. intermembrane space c. grana d. thylakoid lumen
Stroma
The substance on which an enzyme acts is called the: a. substrate. b. ATP. c. product. d. cofactor. e. free energy.
Substrate
The production of G3P in photosynthesis requires which of the following? a. oxygen b. ATP c. CO2 d. two of the previous e. all of the previous
Two of the previous
An animal with a diploid number of 36 chromosomes will have __________ chromosomes in its gametes and __________ chromosomes in its somatic cells. a. 36; 72 b. 18; 36 c. 36; 18 d. 36; 36 e. 18; 18
18; 36
Glycolysis yields a net energy profit of __________ ATP molecules per molecule of glucose. a. 4 b. 0 c. 1 d. 2 e. 6
2
How many electrons are needed to reduce one molecule of NADP+ to NADPH? a. 5 b. 1 c. 3 d. 4 e. 2
2
How many electrons would be needed to fill the outermost electron shell of an atom with an atomic number of 8? a. 4 b. 8 c. 6 d. 2 e. 0
2
Oxidative decarboxylation of two pyruvates yields: a. 2 ATP + 4 CO2 + 2 NADH. b. 2 acetyl CoA + 2 CO2 + 2 NADH. c. 2 glucose molecules. d. 2 G3P. e. 1 fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate.
2 Acetyl CoA + 2 CO2 + 2 NADH
In a human cell at prophase I, there are __________ tetrads. a. 4 b. 92 c. 2 d. 23 e. 46
23
The enzyme graphed above will work best at the approximate temperature of: a. 25⁰C b. 35⁰C c. 55⁰C d. 45⁰C
25⁰C
How many ATP are produced when NADH + O2 -------> NAD+ + H2O a. 3 b. 6 c. 0 d. 2
3
How many molecules are present in one mole of C6H12O6? a. 1.3 x 10^10 molecules b. 1.7 x 10^22 molecules c. 1.7 x 10^-10 molecules d. 24 molecules e. 6.02 x 10^23 molecules
6.02 x 10^23 molecules
Refer to Figure 10-1. Which of the following combinations of letters accurately represents two sister chromatids? a. A and B b. A and E c. A and D d. B and F e. A and C
A and C
What can happen when an antenna chlorophyll a molecule is struck by a photon of the appropriate wavelength? a. An outer electron is bumped to a higher energy level and returns to its original energy level. b. An outer electron is bumped to a higher energy level and is transferred to an electron acceptor. c. Energy is transferred from the chlorophyll molecule to the photon. d. a or b
A or B
This labeled structure is a carbohydrate, or contains carbohydrates. a. C or A b. B or A c. C or D d. B or D e. A or D
A or D
Thylakoid membranes are involved in __________ synthesis. a. NADP b. ATP c. RuBP d. glucose
ATP
If yeasts are grown under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted first to __________ and then to __________. a. citrate; oxaloacetate b. acetyl coenzyme A; citrate c. acetaldehyde; lactate d. lactate; carbon dioxide e. acetaldehyde; ethyl alcohol
Acetaldehyde; ethyl alcohol
An ATP-requiring process by which molecules are moved through a cell membrane is called: a. facilitated diffusion b. osmosis c. active transport d. phagocytosis
Active Transport
Photosynthesis is: a. an anabolic, exergonic process b. a catabolic, endergonic process c. an anabolic, endergonic process. d. a catabolic, exergonic process. e. none of the preceding
An anabolic, endergonic process
Pathways that have an overall energy requirement are referred to as: a. anabolic reactions. b. reactions that will proceed spontaneously. c. catabolic reactions. d. energy-releasing reactions. e. energetically feasible reactions.
Anabolic Reactions
During fermentation, the immediate fate of the electrons in NADH is that they: a. are used to form H2O. b. are transferred to an organic molecule. c. are transferred to O2. d. are used to make CO2. e. are transferred to the electron transport chain.
Are transferred to an organic molecule.
This labeled structure is an integral protein. a. A b. D c. E d. C e. B
B
Which of the following is not an organic compound? a. carbon dioxide b. a fat c. a protein d. carbohydrate
Carbon Dioxide
Cytokinesis in plant cells occurs via the formation of a(n): a. Golgi complex. b. cell plate. c. mitotic spindle. d. aster. e. cell wall.
Cell plate
Reaction center complexes of the light-dependent reactions contain __________ and __________, which receive energy from __________. a. chlorophyll; proteins; antenna complexes b. chlorophyll; antenna complexes; carotenoid c. accessory pigments; chlorophyll; antenna complexes d. proteins; antenna complexes; carotenoid e. carotenoids; proteins; chlorophyll
Chlorophyll; proteins; antenna complexes
Consider the following two chemical equations: A. glucose + fructose ® sucrose + H2O, DG = +27kJ/mole (or +6.5 kcal/mole) B. glucose + fructose + ATP ® sucrose + ADP + Pi, DG = -5kJ/mole (or -1.2 kcal/mole) The free energy change difference between the chemical equations (A) and (B) above is accomplished by: a. combining two exergonic reactions. b. measuring the reaction rate. c. combining an endergonic and an exergonic reaction. d. combining two endergonic reactions. e. a decrease in activation energy.
Combining of an endergonic and exergonic reaction
A transmembrane protein differs from other membrane proteins because it: a. is attached to the inside of the membrane by an ionic bond. b. completely extends through the membrane. c. is a glycoprotein with carbohydrates attached. d. is covalently linked to the outer surface of the plasma membrane. e. is completely embedded within the membrane.
Completely extends through the membrane
A transmembrane protein differs from other membrane proteins because it: a. is attached to the inside of the membrane by an ionic bond. b. is a glycoprotein with carbohydrates attached. c. is covalently linked to the outer surface of the plasma membrane. d. completely extends through the membrane. e. is completely embedded within the membrane.
Completely extends through the membrane
Which of the following represents the location of glycolysis in a eukaryotic cell? a. the mitochondrial b. the outer mitochondrial membrane c. the cytoplasm d. the inner mitochondrial
Cytoplasm
Match the photosynthetic component with its description. 1. yellow and orange accessory pigments 2. a group of ~250 chlorophyll molecules, enzymes, and other proteins that pass energy to a reaction center of a photosystem 3. reaction center of photosystem II 4. a green accessory pigment 5. reaction center for photosystem I Answer a. chlorophyll b b. carotenoids c. P700 d. antenna complex e. P680
1. Carotenoids 2. Antenna Complex 3. P680 4. Chlorophyll B 5. P700
Match the component of the Calvin cycle with its description. 1. two of these molecules leave the Calvin cycle and react, forming glucose or fructose 2. catalyzes the "fixation" of carbon dioxide 3. functions as a CO2-acceptor molecule 4. assuming the cycle begins with CO2, this molecule is regenerated with each turn of the cycle Answers a. Rubisco b. G3P c. RuBP d. NADPH e. RuBP f. ATP
1. G3P 2. Rubisco 3. RuBP 4. RuBP
Which is greater? 1. I. Number of chromosomes in a human gamete II. Number of chromosomes in a body cell 2. I. Number of functional sperm cells produced from one immature reproductive cell of a human male II. Number of functional egg cells produced from on immature reproductive cell of a human female 3. I. Number of chromosomes in a skin cell II. number of chromosomes in a cell in the lining of the lung a. II is greater than I b. I and II are equal c. I is greater than II
1. II is Greater than I 2. I is Greater than II 3. I and II are Equal
A pH of 4 is __________ times more __________ than a pH of 7. a. 1000; basic b. 3; basic c. 1000; neutral d. 1000; acidic e. 3; acidic
1000; basic
redox reactions are associated with: a. photosynthesis b. respiration c. both d. neither
Both
The solution in the arms of the U-tube below are seperated by a selectively permeable membrane. The membrane is permeable to water and glycine, but not sucrose. At the start of the experiment the volumes in both arms (X & Y) are the same and the solution levels are the same height. Select the most appropriate letter using the following letter key: A. Both the Statement AND Reason are correct B. The Statement is correct, BUT the Reason is incorrect C. The Statement is incorrect, BUT the Reason is a fact or principle D. Both the Statement and the Reason are incorrect In the system shown in the diagram above: a. both A & B b. osmosis will occur c. dialysis will occur d. neither A nor B
Both A and B
Identify the molecules as a/an: a) monosaccharide b) disaccharide c) fatty acid d) amino acid C17H35COOH a. D b. C c. A d. B
C) Fatty Acid
During chemiosmosis, __________ are transferred from NADH and FADH2 to electron acceptor molecules, and the energy released is used to create a(n) __________ gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. a. electrons; proton b. water molecules; oxygen c. protons; electron d. ADP molecules; ATP molecule e. ATP molecules; ADP molecule
Electrons; protons
According to the graph below, the chemical reaction: A + B à C is: a. endergonic b. exergonic c. a spontaneous reaction d. none of the preceding
Endergonic
The transfer of electrons (or hydrogen atoms) from one molecule to another is equivalent to __________ transfer. a. oxygen b. enzymatic c. energy d. heat
Energy
The reaction ATP + H2O ® ADP + Pi is classified as an: a. entropy reaction. b. endergonic reaction. c. intermediate phosphorylation reaction. d. exergonic reaction
Exergonic Reaction
Evaporative cooling is a process whereby __________ moving __________ molecules vaporize, thus __________ large amounts of heat. a. fast; carbon dioxide; removing b. slow; oxygen; adding c. fast; oxygen; removing d. slow; water; adding e. fast; water; removing
Fast; water; removing
In which of the following tissues would you expect to find the greatest number of mitochondria on a per cell basis? a. bacterial cell in the large intestine of a mammal b. leaves of a green plant c. flight muscle of a bumblebee d. skin of a basking lizard
Flight muscle of a bumblebee
You want to determine the location of a specific protein in a cell using a colored stain. Which of the following is the best technique for this purpose? a. fluorescence microscopy b. phase contrast microscopy c. bright-field microscopy d. electron microscopy e. dark-field microscopy
Fluorescence Microscopy
The tertiary structure of a protein involves the: a. linear order of amino acids in a peptide chain. b. bonding together of several polypeptide chains into a molecule. c. bond formation between two amino acids which form a dipeptide. d. folding of an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet into the overall molecular shape (conformation). e. folding of a peptide chain into an alpha helix or a beta pleated sheeet.
Folding of an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet into the overall molecular shape (conformation)
Which of the following events does not occur in prophase II? a. formation of the spindle b. condensation of chromatin into chromosomes c. formation of chiasmata d. removal of the nuclear membrane e. sister chromatids become visible when viewed with the light microscope.
Formation of Chiasmata
Considering only glycolysis and the conversion of pyruvate molecules to acetyl CoA molecules, how many NADH molecules will be produced from one glucose molecule? a. five b. three c. two d. four e. one
Four
Once nerve cells become mature, they don't usually undergo cell division. Based on your knowledge of the cell cycle, you would predict that mature nerve cells become arrested in the __________ of the cell cycle. a. G1 phase b. G0 phase c. G2 phase d. prophase e. S phase
G0 phase
The atomic number of sulfur is 16. Sulfur combines with hydrogen by covalent bonding to form a compound, hydrogen sulfide. Based on the electron configuration of sulfur, we can predict that the molecular formula of the compound will be: a. H2S b. HS2 c. HS d. H2S2
H2S
The covalent bond between a hydrogen atom and the oxygen atom in water is formed when: a. hydrogen gains an electron from oxygen. b. hydrogen gains an electron from oxygen. c. hydrogen and oxygen share an electron pair. d. hydrogen and oxygen both lose electrons from their outer shells. e. hydrogen and oxygen both gain electrons in their outer shells.
Hydrogen and Oxygen share an electron pair
A wilted flower placed in a vase of water for several hours became stiff and stood erect. When it was placed in a salt solution, it wilted. From this information we can say that the cells of the flower are: a. hypertonic to both the fresh water and the salt solution. b. isotonic to fresh water but hypotonic to the salt solution. c. hypotonic to fresh water but hypertonic to the salt solution. d. hypotonic to both fresh water and the salt solution. e. hypertonic to fresh water but hypotonic to the salt solution.
Hypertonic to fresh water, but hypotonic to the salt solution
Chloroplasts: I. function in photosynthesis II. are required for photosynthesis III. contain chlorophyll a. I b. II c. I & II d. II & III e. III f. I & III g. I, II, & III
I & III
Which of the following transport processes exhibits a high degree of specificity for the transported substance? I. simple diffusion II. facilitated-diffusion III. carrier-mediated active transport a. I b. II c. I & II d. III e. II & III f. I & III g. I, II, & III
II & III
The cell cycle of a typical somatic cell consists of __________ and M phase. a. interphase b. mitosis c. meiosis I d. crossing-over e. meiosis II
Interphase
Any chemical interaction between atoms: a. involves only the nuclear subatomic particles. b. involves neutrons. c. may potentially involve any electron. d. involves only valence electrons. e. involves protons.
Involves on valence electrons
An endergonic reaction can proceed only if it requires: a. less free energy than is released by a coupled exergonic reaction. b. more free energy than is released by a coupled exergonic reaction. c. less free energy than was released by a coupled endergonic reaction. d. energy from ADP, forming ATP. e. the same amount of free energy that is absorbed by the enzymatic breakdown of proteins.
Less free energy than is released by a coupled exergonic reaction
Membrane-bounded organelles facilitate faster chemical reactions because: a. membrane-bounded organelles act as catalysts for biochemical reactions. b. reactants move faster within membrane-bounded organelles. c. membranes lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. d. reactants are within close proximity to each other. e. reactants are less likely to encounter each other within membrane-bounded organelles.
Reactants are within close proximity to each other
As temperature increases, what happens to the rate of a chemical reaction? a. two of the preceding are correct b. the reaction rate decreases. c. temperature does not affect the rate of a reaction. d. the reaction rate increases.
Reaction rate increases.
the overall reactions of photosynthesis, it appears that hydrogen atoms are transferred from water to carbon dioxide to form a carbohydrate. This type of reaction is classified as: a. a catabolic reaction. b. a redox reaction. c. an oxidation reaction. d. an anaerobic reaction. e. a hydrolytic reaction.
Redox Reaction
Active transport: a. requires metabolic energy from the cell. b. None of the above are correct. c. can be demonstrated using nonliving conditions. d. does not require metabolic energy from the cell.
Requires metabolic energy from the cell
inner mitochondiral membrane is associated with: a. photosynthesis b. respiration c. both d. neither
Respiration
Chromosomes are duplicated during __________ of the cell cycle. a. S phase b. prophase c. metaphase d. G2 phase e. G1 phase
S phase
Which of the following atoms would most likely be involved in an ionic bond? a. sodium b. hydrogen and oxygen. c. oxygen d. hydrogen
Sodium
In the formation of common table salt, sodium and chlorine interact because: a. chlorine donates seven electrons to sodium. b. sodium donates one electron to chlorine. c. there is no electron exchange. d. sodium and chlorine share a pair of electrons. e. sodium and chlorine share two pairs of electrons.
Sodium donates one electron to chlorine
During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes lie side by side. This phenomeon is known as: a. paternal pairing. b. parental pairing. c. divalent formation. d. tetrad formation. e. chromatid pairing.
Tetrad formation
Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. The 2nd principal energy level contains 4 orbitals. b. The 1st principal energy level contains 1 orbital. c. The 2nd energy level contains a maximum of 10 electrons. d. The 1st principal energy level contains a maximum of 2 electrons.
The 2nd energy level contains a maximum of 10 electrons.
Which of the following statements is true of spontaneous reactions? a. The amount of free energy after the reaction is more than before the reaction. b. The amount of free energy after the reaction is less than before the reaction. c. The amount of disorder after the reaction is less than before the reaction. d. The amount of disorder is the same before and after the reaction.
The amount of free energy after the reaction is less than before the reaction.
A drowning death would be most directly due to: a. The lack of oxygen to accept hydrogens and electrons. b. The accumulation of lactate in the muscle tissue due to anaerobic respiration. c. The unavailability of glucose to feed into glycolysis. d. There is not sufficient information to determine which answer is correct. e. The breakdown of pyruvate into ethyl alcohol.
The lack of oxygen to accept hydrogens and electrons
In electrically neutral atoms: a. the number of protons is equal to the number of neutrons b. None of the above statements are true. c. the number of protons is less than the number of electrons d. the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons
The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons
A person has a genetic disease that prevents the phospholipids in the plasma membrane of the white blood cells from freely fusing with the other membranes within the cell. How would this disease affect phagocytosis? a. Lysosomes would not be formed. b. The phagocytic vacuole would not fuse with the lysosome. c. Lysosomes would be formed lacking hydrolytic enzymes. d. Facilitated diffusion would not occur. e. Endocytosis would not occur.
The phagocytic vacuole would not fuse with the lysosome.
Water is an excellent solvent for many substances. Which of the following characteristic of water is most important in explaining it solvent characteristics? a. The high specific heat of water. b. The electric neutrality of water molecules. c. The polarity of individual water molecules. d. The expansion of water upon freezing e. The adhesive quality of water molecules.
The polarity of individual water molecules
Which of the following represents the location of photosystems I & II in photosynthetic eukaryotes? a. mitochondrial matrix b. stroma of a chloroplast c. thylakoid interior space d. thylakoid membranes e. inner mitochondrial membrane
Thylakoid membranes
Hydrolysis of ATP is exergonic? True False
True
When you eat a potato, some of the stored energy of the food is eventually converted into energy that moves your muscles (mechanical work). a. false b. true
True
Deamination of amino acids in mammals yields amino groups that are converted to __________, which is(are) excreted, and __________, which is(are) converted to one of the reactants of glycolysis or the citric acid cycle. a. urea; carbon chains b. amino groups; ADP c. carbon chains; amino acids d. amines; ATP e. amino acids; ATP
Urea; carbon chains
During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, a constant supply of electrons is provided by: a. chlorophyll. b. oxygen. c. the sun. d. carotenoids. e. water.
Water
Which of the following statements is not correct? a. Large bodies of water have relatively constant temperatures. b. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 °C is one calorie. c. Water heats up and cools down very quickly. d. Due to hydrogen bonds, water has a high surface tension. e. When one gram of water evaporates, it removes heat.
Water heats up and cools down very quickly.
Which of the following statements is contrary to the first law of thermodynamics? a. When gasoline is burned, its energy is destroyed. b. The amount of energy in the universe is constant. c. Energy can be converted from one form to another. d. Matter can be converted into energy. e. Energy can be transferred from one form to another.
When gasoline, its energy is destroyed
In the biochemical pathway below, letters refer to substrates and products, and numbers denote enzymes. Assume that all other conditions are constant 1 2 3 A---------------> B ----------------> C --------------> D If enzyme #2 is denatured, what will happen to the concentration of substance B? a. no change b. increase c. decrease d. more information is needed to answer this question
increase
In the presence of catalysts: a. both of the above. b. none of the preceding- c. the 🔺G (change in free energy) of the reaction will decrease. d. the reaction will slow due to a lowering of the activation energy.
the 🔺G (change in free energy) of the reaction will decrease.
