Biology 2 Lecture Quiz Final
Most chordates are ________.
vertebrates
Which of the following statements about digestion is true?
Digestion can be both mechanical and chemical, and it occurs both in the mouth and in the stomach.
All mammals live on land. T or F
False
Which subgroup of mammals raises their young in pouches?
Marsupials
What is the main difference between monotremes and eutherians?
Monotremes lay eggs, while eutherians give birth to live young.
When is an unborn child called a fetus?
From the 9th week of pregnancy to birth
What are lymphocytes?
white blood cells
Which of the following blood cells fights infections?
white blood cells
Examine the calculating BMI chart. What is the most a person 5'6" tall could weigh and still be in the normal range (not overweight)?
150 pounds
What carries a signal from one neuron to the next?
A neurotransmitter
How old is the oldest fossil we have food of our own species, Homo Sapiens?
About 300 thousand years old
How long ago did the hominin lineage, the human branch of the evolutionary tree of life, split away from other primate groups?
About 6 million years ago
Although exceptions do exist, which is a distinctively amphibian trait?
All of these are distinctive amphibian traits.
What is a key morphological difference between fish and amphibians?
Amphibians have strong muscular and skeletal systems to support their body on land.
Which of the following forms of contraception is removable?
An intrauterine device
Which type of white blood cells produces defensive proteins called antibodies?
B cells
Which of the following statements about bones is false?
Bones are dry and dead, made up of calcium and connective fibers with a few blood vessels running through them.
Which group of fishes evolved most recently (in other words, is the youngest)?
Bony fishes
Select the feature which is involved in the clotting process
Both platelets & fibrin
How is BMI calculated?
By using a person's height and weight
Which of the following is human's closest living relative?
Chimpanzees
What is the role of the epithelium?
Helps protect the body from the external environment
Which statement is most accurate when describing human evolution?
Humans share a common ancestor with chimpanzees
Where does the ovule meet the sperm that fertilizes it?
In the oviduct
Where are the villi located?
In the small intestine
What are the four stages of food processing, ordered from beginning to eat?
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
What is the oldest (in other words, most ancient) primate group?
Lemurs
What characterizes terrestrial tetrapods?
Lives on land, has four limbs
Which group of fishes gave rise to the amphibians?
Lobe-finned fishes
Match the correct structure with its correct tissue.
Neurons make up the nervous tissue.
Which carbohydrates are present on the surface of the red blood cells of a person with blood type O?
No carbohydrates are present on the surface of the red blood cells
Which of the following statements is correct?
Our body can make a subset of the 20 amino acids, and needs proper nutrition to acquire the ones it cannot make.
The respiratory system exchanges which gases?
Oxygen is inhaled, while carbon dioxide is exhaled.
What is the role of the epiglottis?
Prevents food from entering the windpipe
Which of the following group is most closely related to mammals?
Reptiles
How long does it take, on average, for an ovule to go from the ovary to the uterus?
Seven days
What is chemical digestion?
The breakdown of food by enzymes
Which brain structure is the largest and most complex?
The cerebellum
What is an action potential?
The electric signal used by neurons to transfer information
There are many organs and glands of the endocrine system, but which one is the master controller?
The hypothalamus
Which brain structure controls the secretion of hormones in the rest of the body?
The hypothalamus
How does a gastric bypass lead to patient losing weight?
The stomach is reduced in size so patients eat less.
What is mechanical digestion?
The use of physical actions to break down food
What are hormones?
They are chemicals transported in the blood that affect target cells throughout the body.
What do hammerhead sharks have in common with goldfish?
They both have a lateral line system
Which of the following is a key feature of primates?
They have a brain that is large in relation to their body.
Choose the defining characteristic of all arteries.
They only carry blood away from the heart.
What is the role of the villi?
To absorb small nutrient molecules from the digestive tract
What is the main role of the peripheral nervous system?
To convey information to and from the central nervous system
What is the function of the lateral line system?
To detect movement in the surrounding water
What is the main role of kidneys?
To filter blood and remove toxins from it
Birds are a type of reptile. T or F
True
Which medication prevents viral infections by priming the immune system against a specific virus?
Vaccines
What is the difference between vitamins and minerals?
Vitamins are organic nutrients, while minerals are inorganic nutrients.
What would happen if the sensory neurons in your hand could not transmit a signal?
You could move your fingers but you could not feel something touch them.
Environmentalism is
a philosophical and social movement concerned with preserving the environment
All vertebrates have _________.
a skull and a backbone
The urinary system _________
all of the above are roles of the urinary system
What is the condition called when your body's immune system overreacts to an otherwise harmless foreign particle?
allergy
The term interface can be used to describe the surface across which molecules and ions are exchanged, often diffusing between external and internal environments or between organ systems. What part of the respiratory system forms the interface between the respiratory system and the circulatory system?
alveoli
Form refers to ________, and function refers to ________.
anatomical structure; physiological actions
Veins carry _______.
blood low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide
Which of the following is a major protein found in muscles?
both actin and myosin
An essential nutrient is specifically a nutrient that your body __________.
cannot make by itself
Which are the thinnest blood vessels?
capillaries
Blood types A, B, AB, and O are determined by ________.
carbohydrates on the surface of the red blood cells
The spinal cord is part of the ________ nervous system
central
Which of the following is an organ system?
circulatory system
Organs are made up of __________ to perform a specific function.
different types of tissues
Bacteria populations grow at a really rapid pace, with their whole populations doubling within hours. What type of growth models do bacteria follow?
exponential
Your thigh bone, the largest bone in your body, is called the
femur
The pulmonary circuit specifically circulates blood
from the heart to the lungs
The systemic circuit specifically circulates blood
from the heart to the rest of the body
In spermatogenesis, __________.
haploid sperms are produced
All mammals _____.
have mammary glands and hair
Which of the following is a type of joint that allows movement only in one direction?
hinges
What is the name of the response to an injury in which fluids leak from dilated blood vessels, causing redness and swelling?
inflammatory response
The urethra _______
is a tube that conveys both urine and semen
Sound is "heard" when sound waves cause structures inside your ears to physically vibrate. A signal is then sent to your brain where it is interpreted as sound. What type of receptor in the ear is responsible for the sense of hearing?
mechanoreceptors
Response: Losa-stimulus.such that the effect off the stimulus is counteracied, is called a _________ feedback.
negative
What is the correct hierarchy of organization, from biggest to smallest, in your body?
organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell
There are little birds that spend a great deal of time on the back of a rhinoceros and eat the blood-sucking ticks out of the rhino's ears. The rhino greatly benefits from the relationship, since it cannot remove the ticks itself. The tick-rhino relationship is an example of
parasitism
A wolf eats arrabbit that eats grass. The grass is a
producer
Tissues are made up of ________ that work together to perform a function.
similar cells
Organs are made up of ________ type(s) of tissue.
two or more
What is the name of the tubes that run from the kidneys to the bladder?
ureters
On which continent would you have seen the very earliest members of Homo sapiens?
Africa
Which of the following is not a primate?
All are primates.
All of the following are abiotic factors within an ecosystem except
All of the above are abiotic factors.
The cardiovascular system consists of __________.
All of the above are parts of the cardiovascular system
Which of the following is a similarity between male and female reproductive systems?
All of the above are similarities between the two systems.
Which of the following is a type of essential nutrient?
All of the above are types of essential nutrients.
What happens during diastole?
The heart muscles relax, allowing blood to flow into all chambers of the heart.
What is the primary function of the sinoatrial node?
To initiate the contraction of the heart
Identify the primary role of the lymphatic system.
To produce and store large numbers of white blood cells
What is the function of a fish's operculum?
To protects the gills
What is the main role of T cells in the immune response?
To stimulate the production of immune cells
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a
virus
A person with carbohydrates A and B on the surface of their red blood cells will have which of the following blood types?
Blood type AB, as both A and B are present
Humans belong to which subgroup of mammals?
Eutherians