biology cell

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Formula for photosynthesis

6H₂O + 6CO₂ + Light Energy → C₆H₁₂O₆+ 6O₂

Thylakoid

A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast, used to convert light energy into chemical energy.

active site

A pocket or groove on the surface of the enzyme.

Enzyme

A protein serving as a catalyst, a chemical agent that changes the rate of reaction without being consumed by the reaction.

electron transport chain

A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.

Mitochondria

An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.

Chloroplast

An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

formula for cellular respiration

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H20 + ENERGY (ATP)

anaerobic respiration

Does not use oxygen

Substrate and product

Enzymes function as biological catalysts, accelerating the conversion of one substance, the ______________, into another, the ___________.

chlorophyll

Green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis

pigment

Light-absorbing molecule

cellular respiration

Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

Fermation

follow glycosis when o2 is absent, incomplete oxidation of a glucose, occurs in the absence of o2

Calvin Cycle

reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars

aerobic respiration

requires oxygen

Krebs cycle

second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions

Glycolysis

the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.

photocynthesis

a process by which green plants and organisms turn carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and oxygen,using light in energy trapped

main purpose of cellular respiration

to create ATP and carbon dioxide

catalyze

to speed up

why do viruses infect hosts cell?

viruses infect hosts cell to


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