Biology - Chapter 6 Mastering HW Assignment

What is the type of bond between two strands of DNA?

A hydrogen bond

What is a "benign" tumor?

A mass of cells that grows out of control but remains at the site of origin

What is a gene?

A section of DNA that codes for one or more proteins A discrete sequence of DNA nucleotides A section of DNA that codes for a portion of a protein Answer: All of these and more are part of the expanding definition of a gene.

What are the three components of a DNA nucleotide?

A sugar, a phosphate and a base

If the base sequence of template strand reads GCCATTAC, what is the base sequence of the mRNA?

CGGUAAUG

Which of the following is a type of treatment for cancer?

Chemotherapy Removing the tumor through radiation therapy Removing the tumor through surgery Answer: All of the above are ways that cancer can be treated

How are DNA and RNA different?

DNA contains the bases A, G, C, and T; RNA contains the bases A, G, C, and U.

How is DNA linked to the production of proteins?

DNA holds the instructions for the cells on how to make proteins.

Drag the structures associated with nucleic acids to the appropriate bins.

DNA only: deoxyribose sugar thymine base double-stranded RNA only: ribose sugar uracil base single-stranded Both DNA and RNA: nucleotides phosphate guanine base

What do the letters D-N-A stand for?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

What is the monomer of the DNA molecule?

Nucleotide

Part A: Can you identify the molecules and processes involved in the flow of genetic information through a cell? Drag the labels to the appropriate locations in the diagram. Part B Using the figure, can you complete the sentences about the structures and processes involved with the flow of information through the cell? Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences.

Part A: From left to right: DNA Transcription RNA Translation Protein Part B: Transcription is the first step of gene expression, during which a particular segment of DNA is converted into RNA. A ribosome serves as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. The principal role of RNA is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA out of the nucleus for the synthesis of proteins. A protein is made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, attached to one another in long chains. DNA is a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell, shaped like a double helix, and associated with the transmission of genetic information. Translation is the process in which mRNA codons are converted into an amino acid sequence.

What are carcinogens?

Physical or chemical factors that can lead to mutations causing cancer

If DNA directs the production of RNA, what does RNA make?

RNA makes proteins.

According to the base pairing rules of DNA, if the sequence of bases on one strand was AGGCTTA, what would be the sequence of bases on the complementary strand?

TCCGAAT

What is different from one DNA nucleotide to the next?

The base

Which process results in the creation of mRNA?

Transcription

Are there ways to prevent cancer?

Yes, there are many ways cancer can be prevented, including through a healthy diet and exercise.

The spread of cancer cells from their site of origin to sites distant in the body is called ________.

metastasis

Ribosomes ________.

translate mRNA into proteins

Cancer is ________.

uncontrolled cell growth

The base that is not found in DNA, but only in RNA is ________.

uracil