Biology Exam 1 Review
Isotopes of an element differ in their
neutron number
Which of the following correctly lists the parts of a nucleotide of RNA?
nitrogen-containing base, ribose, phosphate
A saturated fat has
no double bonds
As autumn approaches, white-tailed deer begin to accumulate a layer of body fat. This is an example of which characteristic of life?
response to the environment
The pH of pure water is ______ because ___________________________.
7.0; water contains an equal number of H+ ions and OH- ions
A pond ecosystem includes small water fleas which feed on submerged aquatic plants. When the water fleas die, they sink to the bottom pond where their dead bodies are broken down with the help of bacteria. List in order the producer, decomposer, and consumer in the system.
Aquatic plants bacteria, water fleas
Isotopes of anatomy differ in their
Atomic mass
When a person orders a cheeseburger with lettuce, tomato, and mayonnaise, which of the
Amino acids can be obtained from the hamburger patty.
The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the
the concentration of H+ present in a solution
Chemical bonds involve
the giving, taking or sharing of electrons.
The electron arrangement of argon, which has 18 electrons, is
2 in the inner election shell, 8 on the second electron shell, and 8 in the outer electron shell
The subatomic particles that are found in the nucleus if an atom are the
Neurons and protons
Living organisms must constantly take in energy in order to power functions necessary to remain alive. All of the chemical reactions that involve energy conversions within a cell are called
metabolism
The basic building block or subunit of many biological molecules is called a(n)
monomer
In a dehydration reaction, ________. In order for this to occur water is ________.
monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed
Which of the following would be considered a trace element in living things
Zinc
A fatty acid that has double bonds is called
unsaturated
Which nitrogen-containing base is found in RNA but not in DNA?
uracil
Which of the following levels of biological organization is correctly matched with an example
a desert with little water, high heat, sand, cacti, and some mammals - ecosystem
Which of the following is a property of acids
Acids have a sharp or sour taste.
Which of the following is true about ecosystems?
All of the above answers are true
Which of the following statements is correctly matched to the step of the scientific method?
All of the above statements are correctly matched.
Based on the evolutionary tree of the three domains, which of the following is true?
All three domains have a common ancestor.
Which of the following statements about basic solution is true?
Basic solutions release OH-
The scientific method
Begins with observation
A ____ can be described as a substance that keeps pH within established limits by taking up excess H+ or OH- in a solution
Buffer
Which of the following is an organic molecule?
C6H12O6
Which of the following elements are found in glucose?
CHO
Which of the following is an inorganic molecule?
CaCO3
Which of the following would be an example of the value of waters heat capacity?
Living organisms are able to maintain their internal body temperatures because the water in their cells resists changes in temperature.
Is the following statement true or false? The only single celled organisms are prokaryotes such as archaeans and bacteria
False, because some eukaryotes, including protista, are single-celled.
An atom that has an electrical charge is called an
Ion
The type of bond that would form form the transfer of an electron from one atom into another is a(n) ____ bond
Ionic
The process of ________ leads to organisms that are ________ that environment.
natural selection; adapted to
The primary structuring of a protein refers to the
Number and sequence of amino acids
Which of the following is a molecule
O2
Refer to the figure. Which of the following is true regarding the labeled plasma membrane?
Parts W and Z are hydrophilic.
Which of the following processes transform solar energy into chemical energy?
Photosynthesis
Which of the following best describes the strict of how water molecules form?
The oxygen atom and hydrogen atoms form a covalent bond with one another to create stable valence shelves of electrons. The electrons are shared unequally resulting in a polar molecule.
When a sodium atoms transfers an electron to a chlorine atom
The sodium atom becomes a positively charged ion. The chlorine atom becomes a negatively charged ion. The positive and negative ions will attract each other forming a crystal of no water is present. The ions will separate in the presence of water.
The reactivity of an atom depends on the number of
Valence electrons
Which of the following is in correct order from smallest to largest?
amino acid - peptide - polypeptide
In which of the following is the correct monomer matched with its polymer?
amino acid - protein
Which of the following would describe a polypeptide?
amino acids joined by dehydration synthesis reactions
Which one of the following is the smallest unit matter that has all properties of an element
atom
The four main categories of organic macromolecules are
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Select the correct association.
carbohydrates—include glucose, sucrose, and starch
A molecule is said to be organic if it contains
carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Wood and paper are composed of
cellulose
The following figure represents which process?
dehydration synthesis
A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by a
dehydration synthesis reaction.
The various species of honeycreepers have an assortment of different beak shapes, but all honeycreeper species have a similar size and body shape. This is an example of
descent with modification
An atom's valence electron shell
determines its chemical reactivity
Which of the following is most inclusive level of organization
ecosystem
A covalent bond occurs when
electrons are shared between two atoms to complete their octets.
If a material mixes readily with water, it is identified as
hydrophillic
Which one of the following is a main function of proteins?
enzymatic activity
The figure below represents the formation of a ___ molecule by the process of ___
fat; dehydration synthesis
The purpose of a control group in an experiment is
for comparison to the other test groups.
In general, evolutionary processes lead to organisms that
function well in a given environment
Some insects can stride on the surface of water because water
has surface tension
The term "functional" is used in the phrase "functional group" because it describes a group of atoms that
help determine the chemical properties of an organic molecule.
The figure below is depicting the interaction of water molecules with one another, which involves the use of
hydrogen bonds
When water boils
hydrogen bonds are broken between neighboring water molecules.
What is the function of a peptide bond?
joins an amino acid to an adjacent amino acid
Steroid are classified as
lipids
All chemical reactions that occur in a cell are collectively called
metabolism
A covalent bond involves the sharing of
pairs of electrons
Glycogen is a ________ made of many ________.
polymer; glucose molecules
Which of the following is least likely to be affected when a protein is denatured?
primary structure
Amino acids are needed to build ________, just as ________ are needed to create DNA.
proteins; nucleotides
Which nitrogen-containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA?
thymine
For metabolic processes to occur within their cells, all living organisms need to maintain homeostasis which means they need
to maintain the correct internal temperature, moisture level, and acidity as well as other factors.
Deoxyribose is a sugar found in
DNA
How does DNA differ from RNA?
DNA is comprised of a double-strand; RNA is a single-strand.
DNA and RNA differ in that
DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose and the nitrogen-containing base thymine; RNA is single-stranded and contains sugar ribose and the nitrogen-containing base uracil.
Which of the following can be categorized as a prokaryotic
Domain Archaea
The polymer shown below is comprised of what kind of subunits?
nucleotides
Cells need buffering agents in order to
to minimize the changes in pH of their internal environment
Hydrolysis of sucrose, a disaccharide, results in
two monosaccharides
A water molecule is polar because of
unequal sharing of electrons
Which of the following is a functional group present in amino acids?
-NH2
Which answer choice lists the steps of the scientific method in the correct order?
observation, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, conclusion
Which of the following is a way in which chemical bond can be formed?
All of the answers describe ways that chemical bonds can be formed
Which kingdom includes both unicellular and multicellular organism?
Protista
In the reaction, 6CO2 + 6H2O →C6H12O6 + 6O2, carbon dioxide is being
Reactant
Heartburn occurs when stomach acid escapes the stomach and cuts the tissues of the esophagus. Baking soda is sometimes used as an antacid. How does baking soda Angelo relieve symptoms of heartburn?
The baking soap is serving as a buffer to take up excess H+ ions from stomach acid
Which of the following statement about atoms is correct
The number and arrangement of electrons in an atom governs its chemical activity
Which of the following is a feature that proteins and polysaccharides share?
They are made of repeated monomer units.
How are lipids different from other categories of biological molecules?
They will not combine with water.
In what ways are radioactive isotopes potentially harmful?
Unmonitored release into the environment can make changes in a cell's DNA.
Of the following examples which best demonstrates the property of water cohesion?
Water can move up a 100 foot pine tree from the roots to the leaves.
Which of the following property of water helps an individual who is exercising vigorously maintain a constant body temperature
Water has a high heat capacity
Which of the following is a property of water?
Water is a good solvent, cohesive, has a high heat capacity, and can be found as a solid, liquid, or gas
The principle role for sugars in living things is to
serve as a form of immediate cellular energy.
