Biology Exam 1 Review

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Isotopes of an element differ in their

neutron number

Which of the following correctly lists the parts of a nucleotide of RNA?

nitrogen-containing base, ribose, phosphate

A saturated fat has

no double bonds

As autumn approaches, white-tailed deer begin to accumulate a layer of body fat. This is an example of which characteristic of life?

response to the environment

The pH of pure water is ______ because ___________________________.

7.0; water contains an equal number of H+ ions and OH- ions

A pond ecosystem includes small water fleas which feed on submerged aquatic plants. When the water fleas die, they sink to the bottom pond where their dead bodies are broken down with the help of bacteria. List in order the producer, decomposer, and consumer in the system.

Aquatic plants bacteria, water fleas

Isotopes of anatomy differ in their

Atomic mass

When a person orders a cheeseburger with lettuce, tomato, and mayonnaise, which of the

Amino acids can be obtained from the hamburger patty.

The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the

the concentration of H+ present in a solution

Chemical bonds involve

the giving, taking or sharing of electrons.

The electron arrangement of argon, which has 18 electrons, is

2 in the inner election shell, 8 on the second electron shell, and 8 in the outer electron shell

The subatomic particles that are found in the nucleus if an atom are the

Neurons and protons

Living organisms must constantly take in energy in order to power functions necessary to remain alive. All of the chemical reactions that involve energy conversions within a cell are called

metabolism

The basic building block or subunit of many biological molecules is called a(n)

monomer

In a dehydration reaction, ________. In order for this to occur water is ________.

monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed

Which of the following would be considered a trace element in living things

Zinc

A fatty acid that has double bonds is called

unsaturated

Which nitrogen-containing base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

uracil

Which of the following levels of biological organization is correctly matched with an example

a desert with little water, high heat, sand, cacti, and some mammals - ecosystem

Which of the following is a property of acids

Acids have a sharp or sour taste.

Which of the following is true about ecosystems?

All of the above answers are true

Which of the following statements is correctly matched to the step of the scientific method?

All of the above statements are correctly matched.

Based on the evolutionary tree of the three domains, which of the following is true?

All three domains have a common ancestor.

Which of the following statements about basic solution is true?

Basic solutions release OH-

The scientific method

Begins with observation

A ____ can be described as a substance that keeps pH within established limits by taking up excess H+ or OH- in a solution

Buffer

Which of the following is an organic molecule?

C6H12O6

Which of the following elements are found in glucose?

CHO

Which of the following is an inorganic molecule?

CaCO3

Which of the following would be an example of the value of waters heat capacity?

Living organisms are able to maintain their internal body temperatures because the water in their cells resists changes in temperature.

Is the following statement true or false? The only single celled organisms are prokaryotes such as archaeans and bacteria

False, because some eukaryotes, including protista, are single-celled.

An atom that has an electrical charge is called an

Ion

The type of bond that would form form the transfer of an electron from one atom into another is a(n) ____ bond

Ionic

The process of ________ leads to organisms that are ________ that environment.

natural selection; adapted to

The primary structuring of a protein refers to the

Number and sequence of amino acids

Which of the following is a molecule

O2

Refer to the figure. Which of the following is true regarding the labeled plasma membrane?

Parts W and Z are hydrophilic.

Which of the following processes transform solar energy into chemical energy?

Photosynthesis

Which of the following best describes the strict of how water molecules form?

The oxygen atom and hydrogen atoms form a covalent bond with one another to create stable valence shelves of electrons. The electrons are shared unequally resulting in a polar molecule.

When a sodium atoms transfers an electron to a chlorine atom

The sodium atom becomes a positively charged ion. The chlorine atom becomes a negatively charged ion. The positive and negative ions will attract each other forming a crystal of no water is present. The ions will separate in the presence of water.

The reactivity of an atom depends on the number of

Valence electrons

Which of the following is in correct order from smallest to largest?

amino acid - peptide - polypeptide

In which of the following is the correct monomer matched with its polymer?

amino acid - protein

Which of the following would describe a polypeptide?

amino acids joined by dehydration synthesis reactions

Which one of the following is the smallest unit matter that has all properties of an element

atom

The four main categories of organic macromolecules are

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Select the correct association.

carbohydrates—include glucose, sucrose, and starch

A molecule is said to be organic if it contains

carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Wood and paper are composed of

cellulose

The following figure represents which process?

dehydration synthesis

A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by a

dehydration synthesis reaction.

The various species of honeycreepers have an assortment of different beak shapes, but all honeycreeper species have a similar size and body shape. This is an example of

descent with modification

An atom's valence electron shell

determines its chemical reactivity

Which of the following is most inclusive level of organization

ecosystem

A covalent bond occurs when

electrons are shared between two atoms to complete their octets.

If a material mixes readily with water, it is identified as

hydrophillic

Which one of the following is a main function of proteins?

enzymatic activity

The figure below represents the formation of a ___ molecule by the process of ___

fat; dehydration synthesis

The purpose of a control group in an experiment is

for comparison to the other test groups.

In general, evolutionary processes lead to organisms that

function well in a given environment

Some insects can stride on the surface of water because water

has surface tension

The term "functional" is used in the phrase "functional group" because it describes a group of atoms that

help determine the chemical properties of an organic molecule.

The figure below is depicting the interaction of water molecules with one another, which involves the use of

hydrogen bonds

When water boils

hydrogen bonds are broken between neighboring water molecules.

What is the function of a peptide bond?

joins an amino acid to an adjacent amino acid

Steroid are classified as

lipids

All chemical reactions that occur in a cell are collectively called

metabolism

A covalent bond involves the sharing of

pairs of electrons

Glycogen is a ________ made of many ________.

polymer; glucose molecules

Which of the following is least likely to be affected when a protein is denatured?

primary structure

Amino acids are needed to build ________, just as ________ are needed to create DNA.

proteins; nucleotides

Which nitrogen-containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA?

thymine

For metabolic processes to occur within their cells, all living organisms need to maintain homeostasis which means they need

to maintain the correct internal temperature, moisture level, and acidity as well as other factors.

Deoxyribose is a sugar found in

DNA

How does DNA differ from RNA?

DNA is comprised of a double-strand; RNA is a single-strand.

DNA and RNA differ in that

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose and the nitrogen-containing base thymine; RNA is single-stranded and contains sugar ribose and the nitrogen-containing base uracil.

Which of the following can be categorized as a prokaryotic

Domain Archaea

The polymer shown below is comprised of what kind of subunits?

nucleotides

Cells need buffering agents in order to

to minimize the changes in pH of their internal environment

Hydrolysis of sucrose, a disaccharide, results in

two monosaccharides

A water molecule is polar because of

unequal sharing of electrons

Which of the following is a functional group present in amino acids?

-NH2

Which answer choice lists the steps of the scientific method in the correct order?

observation, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, conclusion

Which of the following is a way in which chemical bond can be formed?

All of the answers describe ways that chemical bonds can be formed

Which kingdom includes both unicellular and multicellular organism?

Protista

In the reaction, 6CO2 + 6H2O →C6H12O6 + 6O2, carbon dioxide is being

Reactant

Heartburn occurs when stomach acid escapes the stomach and cuts the tissues of the esophagus. Baking soda is sometimes used as an antacid. How does baking soda Angelo relieve symptoms of heartburn?

The baking soap is serving as a buffer to take up excess H+ ions from stomach acid

Which of the following statement about atoms is correct

The number and arrangement of electrons in an atom governs its chemical activity

Which of the following is a feature that proteins and polysaccharides share?

They are made of repeated monomer units.

How are lipids different from other categories of biological molecules?

They will not combine with water.

In what ways are radioactive isotopes potentially harmful?

Unmonitored release into the environment can make changes in a cell's DNA.

Of the following examples which best demonstrates the property of water cohesion?

Water can move up a 100 foot pine tree from the roots to the leaves.

Which of the following property of water helps an individual who is exercising vigorously maintain a constant body temperature

Water has a high heat capacity

Which of the following is a property of water?

Water is a good solvent, cohesive, has a high heat capacity, and can be found as a solid, liquid, or gas

The principle role for sugars in living things is to

serve as a form of immediate cellular energy.


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