Biology Section 2-2 Review: Energy

Reactant, Product

Reactant-Substance or molecule participates in a chemical reaction. Product- Substance that forms in a chemical reaction.

In chemical reactions, the number of each kind of atom in the reactants is a. the same as in the products. b. less than in the products. c. more than in the products. d. b or c, depending on the kind of chemical reaction.

a. the same as in the products.

The state of matter in which particles move most rapidly is a. liquid. b. gas. c. solid. d. heat.

b. gas.

Redox reactions a. involve either reduction or oxidation, but not both. b. involve the transfer of electrons between atoms. c. do not occur in living things. d. always involve oxygen.

b. involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.

Every chemical reaction involves a a. change in the state of the matter in the reactants. b. net release of energy. c. transfer of energy. d. transfer of electrons between atoms.

c. transfer of energy.

What role do catalysts play in chemical reactions?

They reduce the amount of activation energy that is needed for a reaction to take place.

Enzymes a. increase the amount of energy. b. decrease the amount of energy released in a reaction. c. catalyze only redox reactions. d. reduce the activation energy needed for a reaction.

d. reduce the activation energy needed for a reaction.

In the chemical reaction shown below, write R over the reactants and P over the products: C12H22O11 + H2O --> C6H12O6 + C6H12O6

C12H22O11 =Reactant H2O =Reactant C6H12O6 =Product C6H12O6 =Product

Catalyst, Enzyme

Catalyst-Changes the rate of a chemical reaction. Enzyme-Protein or RNA molecule speeds up metabolic reactions.

What does a two-direction arrow indicate in a chemical equation?

Chemical reaction can proceed in either direction.

Is energy absorbed or released in this reaction? Explain your answer.

Energy is released, because its adding a catalyst.

What is represented by arrow B?

Energy needed with a catalyst.

What is represented by arrow A?

Energy needed without a catalyst.

Oxidation reaction, Reduction reaction

Oxidation reaction-Chemical reaction reactant loses electron(s). Reduction reaction-Chemical change electrons are gained.