Biology study one
Which of the following cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions?
) Hydrogen gas (H2)
How many trace elements are essential for life?
14
All of the following are statements that might be true about genes EXCEPT
A gene is composed of RNA
Which of the following is used by cells to transfer energy?
ATP
What is the relationship between the cells and atoms?
Atoms form molecules, which form cells
What are tissues composed of?
Cells
What is the relationship between atoms and cells?
Cells are composed of molecules, which are composed of atoms
All of the following are correct about DNA and RNA EXCEPT
DNA persists as a single stranded molecule, RNA is double stranded
In which of the following countries does the average citizen have the SMALLEST ecological footprint
Ethiopia
Which of the following is a cell organelle that receives, refines and ships many cellular products?
Golgi apparatus
Imagine a food chain consisting of a snake that eats rats that eat insects that eat plants. In this chain, the plants are an example of a?
Imagine a food chain consisting of a snake that eats rats that eat insects that eat plants. In this chain, the plants are an example of a?
All of the following are ways that cells reduce the rate of reactions EXCEPT?
Increase mutation rate
All of the following are true about cell respiration EXCEPT
It releases oxygen
ll of the following are true about photosynthesis EXCEPT
It requires oxygen
agine a sugar substitute that has the same shape of lactose (a sugar found in milk), but cannot itself be broken down. What effect would this have on the lactose enzyme?
It would act as a competitive inhibitor
Identify the cell organelles involved in protein production in order, starting with where the DNA is located
Nucleus, rough ER, ribosome, Golgi, vesicle
How are enzymes able to speed up chemical reactions?
They reduce the activation energy
Which of the following characterizes the process of peer review in science?
Which of the following characterizes the process of peer review in science?
All of the following are examples of passive transport EXCEPT
a protein in the bilayer moves a substance against its concentration gradient
Manganese is essential for the formation of connective tissue, yet it accounts for only 0.000017% of the mass of the human body. Manganese is an example of
a trace essential element for living organisms
All of the following are examples of active transport EXCEPT
a transport protein acts as a selective channel moving a substance down a concentration gradient
Under what circumstances does ANAEROBIC respiration occur?
absence of oxygen
Which of the following best describes the organism that was eventually engulfed by the first eukaryotic cell and later became the mitochondrion?
aerobic heterotrophic prokaryote
Which of the following types of monomer is used to form proteins?
amino acids
All of the following are typically multicellular EXCEPT
bacteria
All of the following types of cells have mitochondria EXCEPT
bacteria
Binary fission occurs among
bacteria
All of the following species are limiting factors on the growth of a population of rabbits that eat clover EXCEPT?
bacteria that use dead rabbits as food
Which of the following is the process by which prokaryotic cells reproduce?
binary fission
All of the following represent similarities between the male and female reproductive systems EXCEPT
both have an epididymis
All of the following are true about transcription EXCEPT?
both strands of the DNA double helix are used as templates
Which of the following are outputs (products) of the process of cellular respiration?
carbon dioxide, ATP and water
The primary function of lactase
catalyze reactions
Which of the following is composed of cellulose?
cell wall
What are tissues composed of?
cells
Which yields more energy from one molecule of glucose?
cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen
Which of the following located within the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane provides additional flexibility?
cholesterol
The extracellular matrix consists of
collagen protein
Which of the following characteristics of life does a virus lack?
composed of cell(s)
Which of the following is a heterotroph?
cow
Which of the following is NOT a membrane bound organelle?
cytoplasm
Which of the following forms a series of tracks along which vesicles move within the cell?
cytoskeleton
Which of the following reactions is used by the cell to form polypeptide bonds?
dehydration synthesis
Macromolecules are formed as a result of
dehydration synthesis reactions
All of the following would undermine the conclusions of Urey and Miller's experiment establishing organic molecules could have spontaneously formed on the early Earth EXCEPT
determination that, with sufficient time, monomers on their own can form larger molecules
Which of the following describes the movement of a gas from higher to lower concentrations?
diffusion
Which of the following corresponds to the structure of the DNA molecule in a eukaryotic cell?
double helix
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration can be considered "opposite" reactions for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
ellular respiration produces sunlight, photosynthesis requires sunlight
Which of the following prevents food from entering the windpipe?
epiglottis
The formation of genetically distinct offspring occurs during
fertilization
Which of the following is the process that restores the diploid number of chromosomes?
fertilization
All of the following are typically unicellular EXCEPT
fungi
Which of each of the following molecules contains the most potential energy for use by the cell?
glucose
Which of the following carbohydrates is an energy source that is stored in the liver?
glycogen
Where are the only haploid cells in your body found?
gonads
All of the following describe saturated fats EXCEPT
have bent shape
All of the following events occur during interphase of the eukaryotic cell cycle EXCEPT
he cell undergoes cytokinesis
Which part of the cardiovascular system has a type of muscle not found elsewhere in the body?
heart
Emergent Properties is a theme in biology that refers to
how novel properties emerge at one level that were absent at another.
What type of bond forms BETWEEN two molecules of water?
hydrogen
What type of bonding unites the base pairs of the two strands of DNA holding the molecule together?
hydrogen
Chemical reactions that take place in the cell occur in the presence of all of the following EXCEPT
inhibitors
Why would a mutation that changes a triplet from coding for an amino acid to stop codon be particularly harmful to the functioning of the protein the mRNA encodes?
it could result in a shortened protein that is defective
Which of the following correctly describes the nucleolus?
it is the site of ribosomal RNA production
All of the following are true about cell respiration EXCEPT
it releases oxygen
The nucleoid in Prokaryotes and the nucleus of Eukaryotes are similar in that both are
locations where DNA may be found
Which of the following is a cell organelle that is the site of cell respiration?
mitochondrion
Which of the following is regarded as a trace element essential for life?
molybdenum
Which of the following correctly describes the order in which food passes through the alimentary canal?
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, anus.
What is the relationship between organisms and communities?
ommunities are composed of populations, which are composed of organisms.
Which of the following is released as a waste product during photosynthesis?
oxygen
Which of the following cell types has both chloroplasts and mitochondria?
plant
WITHIN a molecule of water, what type of bond exists between the oxygen atom and each of the hydrogen atoms?
polar covalent
All of the following could be used to refer to long chains of amino acids EXCEPT
polysaccharide
Which of the following types of organic molecules is the most diverse?
proteins
What are ribosomes composed of?
rRNA and proteins
Chemical equations are written with which of the following on the left?
reactants
Enzymes bind to
reactants
Dehydration reactions are reactions that result in the
release of water
Ice floats in water because when water molecules freeze they
remain apart
All of the following are done by RNA polymerase in the process of transcription EXCEPT
removes introns from the RNA strand
Where does the translation of protein take place
ribosome
Where does the translation of protein take place?
ribosome
Which of the following could be part of either a typical prokaryotic or a eukaryotic cell?
ribosome
In a food chain, from what trophic level does a tertiary consumer get its energy?
secondary consumer
Phospholipids are unusual among the molecules that compose the cell in that they
spontaneously organize themselves into a two-layered membrane
Cells create proteins to perform all of the following functions EXCEPT
store energy
The primary function of keratin is
structure
If you compared a nucleotide of your DNA to one randomly extracted from a bacterium, which components would be the same?
sugar and phosphate
Which of the following is the LARGEST?
the central vacuole of a plant cell
Why is maintaining relatively constant internal conditions important for animals?
the external environment regularly changes
Why are water molecules attracted to one another?
the negatively charged oxygen atom on one molecule is attracted to the positively charged hydrogens on another
Which of the following is an example of a mechanism a healthy human body uses to maintain homeostasis?
the production of hormones that regulate glucose
What does it mean to say that the replication of DNA is semi-conservative?
the two new DNA molecules each have one strand from the original DNA
The primary function of the blood protein hemoglobin is
transport
Most of the lipids people consume consist of molecules of
triglyceride
A pilius is all of the following EXCEPT
used for locomotion
Which of the following cell organelles transports material out of the cell?
vesicles
Which of the following is released as a waste product during cellular respiration?
water