Biology study one

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Which of the following cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions?

) Hydrogen gas (H2)

How many trace elements are essential for life?

14

All of the following are statements that might be true about genes EXCEPT

A gene is composed of RNA

Which of the following is used by cells to transfer energy?

ATP

What is the relationship between the cells and atoms?

Atoms form molecules, which form cells

What are tissues composed of?

Cells

What is the relationship between atoms and cells?

Cells are composed of molecules, which are composed of atoms

All of the following are correct about DNA and RNA EXCEPT

DNA persists as a single stranded molecule, RNA is double stranded

In which of the following countries does the average citizen have the SMALLEST ecological footprint

Ethiopia

Which of the following is a cell organelle that receives, refines and ships many cellular products?

Golgi apparatus

Imagine a food chain consisting of a snake that eats rats that eat insects that eat plants. In this chain, the plants are an example of a?

Imagine a food chain consisting of a snake that eats rats that eat insects that eat plants. In this chain, the plants are an example of a?

All of the following are ways that cells reduce the rate of reactions EXCEPT?

Increase mutation rate

All of the following are true about cell respiration EXCEPT

It releases oxygen

ll of the following are true about photosynthesis EXCEPT

It requires oxygen

agine a sugar substitute that has the same shape of lactose (a sugar found in milk), but cannot itself be broken down. What effect would this have on the lactose enzyme?

It would act as a competitive inhibitor

Identify the cell organelles involved in protein production in order, starting with where the DNA is located

Nucleus, rough ER, ribosome, Golgi, vesicle

How are enzymes able to speed up chemical reactions?

They reduce the activation energy

Which of the following characterizes the process of peer review in science?

Which of the following characterizes the process of peer review in science?

All of the following are examples of passive transport EXCEPT

a protein in the bilayer moves a substance against its concentration gradient

Manganese is essential for the formation of connective tissue, yet it accounts for only 0.000017% of the mass of the human body. Manganese is an example of

a trace essential element for living organisms

All of the following are examples of active transport EXCEPT

a transport protein acts as a selective channel moving a substance down a concentration gradient

Under what circumstances does ANAEROBIC respiration occur?

absence of oxygen

Which of the following best describes the organism that was eventually engulfed by the first eukaryotic cell and later became the mitochondrion?

aerobic heterotrophic prokaryote

Which of the following types of monomer is used to form proteins?

amino acids

All of the following are typically multicellular EXCEPT

bacteria

All of the following types of cells have mitochondria EXCEPT

bacteria

Binary fission occurs among

bacteria

All of the following species are limiting factors on the growth of a population of rabbits that eat clover EXCEPT?

bacteria that use dead rabbits as food

Which of the following is the process by which prokaryotic cells reproduce?

binary fission

All of the following represent similarities between the male and female reproductive systems EXCEPT

both have an epididymis

All of the following are true about transcription EXCEPT?

both strands of the DNA double helix are used as templates

Which of the following are outputs (products) of the process of cellular respiration?

carbon dioxide, ATP and water

The primary function of lactase

catalyze reactions

Which of the following is composed of cellulose?

cell wall

What are tissues composed of?

cells

Which yields more energy from one molecule of glucose?

cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen

Which of the following located within the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane provides additional flexibility?

cholesterol

The extracellular matrix consists of

collagen protein

Which of the following characteristics of life does a virus lack?

composed of cell(s)

Which of the following is a heterotroph?

cow

Which of the following is NOT a membrane bound organelle?

cytoplasm

Which of the following forms a series of tracks along which vesicles move within the cell?

cytoskeleton

Which of the following reactions is used by the cell to form polypeptide bonds?

dehydration synthesis

Macromolecules are formed as a result of

dehydration synthesis reactions

All of the following would undermine the conclusions of Urey and Miller's experiment establishing organic molecules could have spontaneously formed on the early Earth EXCEPT

determination that, with sufficient time, monomers on their own can form larger molecules

Which of the following describes the movement of a gas from higher to lower concentrations?

diffusion

Which of the following corresponds to the structure of the DNA molecule in a eukaryotic cell?

double helix

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration can be considered "opposite" reactions for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

ellular respiration produces sunlight, photosynthesis requires sunlight

Which of the following prevents food from entering the windpipe?

epiglottis

The formation of genetically distinct offspring occurs during

fertilization

Which of the following is the process that restores the diploid number of chromosomes?

fertilization

All of the following are typically unicellular EXCEPT

fungi

Which of each of the following molecules contains the most potential energy for use by the cell?

glucose

Which of the following carbohydrates is an energy source that is stored in the liver?

glycogen

Where are the only haploid cells in your body found?

gonads

All of the following describe saturated fats EXCEPT

have bent shape

All of the following events occur during interphase of the eukaryotic cell cycle EXCEPT

he cell undergoes cytokinesis

Which part of the cardiovascular system has a type of muscle not found elsewhere in the body?

heart

Emergent Properties is a theme in biology that refers to

how novel properties emerge at one level that were absent at another.

What type of bond forms BETWEEN two molecules of water?

hydrogen

What type of bonding unites the base pairs of the two strands of DNA holding the molecule together?

hydrogen

Chemical reactions that take place in the cell occur in the presence of all of the following EXCEPT

inhibitors

Why would a mutation that changes a triplet from coding for an amino acid to stop codon be particularly harmful to the functioning of the protein the mRNA encodes?

it could result in a shortened protein that is defective

Which of the following correctly describes the nucleolus?

it is the site of ribosomal RNA production

All of the following are true about cell respiration EXCEPT

it releases oxygen

The nucleoid in Prokaryotes and the nucleus of Eukaryotes are similar in that both are

locations where DNA may be found

Which of the following is a cell organelle that is the site of cell respiration?

mitochondrion

Which of the following is regarded as a trace element essential for life?

molybdenum

Which of the following correctly describes the order in which food passes through the alimentary canal?

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, anus.

What is the relationship between organisms and communities?

ommunities are composed of populations, which are composed of organisms.

Which of the following is released as a waste product during photosynthesis?

oxygen

Which of the following cell types has both chloroplasts and mitochondria?

plant

WITHIN a molecule of water, what type of bond exists between the oxygen atom and each of the hydrogen atoms?

polar covalent

All of the following could be used to refer to long chains of amino acids EXCEPT

polysaccharide

Which of the following types of organic molecules is the most diverse?

proteins

What are ribosomes composed of?

rRNA and proteins

Chemical equations are written with which of the following on the left?

reactants

Enzymes bind to

reactants

Dehydration reactions are reactions that result in the

release of water

Ice floats in water because when water molecules freeze they

remain apart

All of the following are done by RNA polymerase in the process of transcription EXCEPT

removes introns from the RNA strand

Where does the translation of protein take place

ribosome

Where does the translation of protein take place?

ribosome

Which of the following could be part of either a typical prokaryotic or a eukaryotic cell?

ribosome

In a food chain, from what trophic level does a tertiary consumer get its energy?

secondary consumer

Phospholipids are unusual among the molecules that compose the cell in that they

spontaneously organize themselves into a two-layered membrane

Cells create proteins to perform all of the following functions EXCEPT

store energy

The primary function of keratin is

structure

If you compared a nucleotide of your DNA to one randomly extracted from a bacterium, which components would be the same?

sugar and phosphate

Which of the following is the LARGEST?

the central vacuole of a plant cell

Why is maintaining relatively constant internal conditions important for animals?

the external environment regularly changes

Why are water molecules attracted to one another?

the negatively charged oxygen atom on one molecule is attracted to the positively charged hydrogens on another

Which of the following is an example of a mechanism a healthy human body uses to maintain homeostasis?

the production of hormones that regulate glucose

What does it mean to say that the replication of DNA is semi-conservative?

the two new DNA molecules each have one strand from the original DNA

The primary function of the blood protein hemoglobin is

transport

Most of the lipids people consume consist of molecules of

triglyceride

A pilius is all of the following EXCEPT

used for locomotion

Which of the following cell organelles transports material out of the cell?

vesicles

Which of the following is released as a waste product during cellular respiration?

water


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