BIOLOGY - UNIT 8: HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY THE HEART

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filariasis

A disease caused by roundworms blocking lymphatic channels

electrocardiogram

A graph detecting the electrical changes in the heart as it beats

arterioles and capillaries

Arteries branch into smaller vessels called _____.

pulmonary arteries

Blood flowing to the lungs from the heart flows through the .

hypertension

Blood pressure that is too high

artery

Blood vessel leaving the heart

veins

Blood vessels returning to the heart

veins, superior vena cava and pulmonary veins

Blood vessels which carry blood to the heart are:

atrioventricular node

Conducts the signal from the sinoatrial node to the rest of the heart

myocardial infarction

Death of heart muscle due to absent blood supply

buboes

Greatly enlarged lymph nodes as a result of infection

(1) lack of regular exercise, (2) the food we eat, and (3) the ill effects of cigarette smoking.

Heart attacks are a major cause of death in the United States. A few of the reasons are:

clogged coronary arteries

Heart attacks are associated with:

systolic - heart pumping, and diastolic - heart relaxed

How is blood pressure measured?

elephantiasis

Massive elephant-like swelling of the lower parts of the body due to filariasis, a tropical infectious disease

atrium

One of the two thin-walled chambers that receive blood into the heart from the veins

coronary

Refers to the arteries that supply blood to the heart

arteriole

Small artery

venule

Small vein

Purkinji fibres

Specialized electrical conducting fibres in the heart

right atrium.

Superior and inferior vena cava carry oxygen poor blood to the _________

edema

Swelling of part of the body due to accumulated interstitial fluid

systemic

That part of the circulation that supplies all the body except the lungs

120/80

The average blood pressure for a healthy adult is around

seventy beats per minute

The average heart rate of an adult is about ____________

bubonic plague

The black death, a recurrent epidemic disease during the Middle Ages

systole

The contraction of the ventricles, which pumps blood into the aorta and pulmonary arteries.

to prevent blood from flowing backward

The function of the various heart valves is:

myocardium

The heart muscle

thoracic duct

The large lymphatic vessel that collects lymph from the lower half of the body and dumps it into the blood circulation

interstitial fluid

The liquid that surrounds the cells in the body, lymph

vagus nerve

The major autonomic nerve controlling the body's automatic functions

bicuspid valve

The mitral valve

sinoatrial node

The normal pacemaker of the heart

do not

The pulmonary arteries _______ carry oxygenated blood.

diastole

The relaxation and dilation of the heart chambers that allows them to fill with blood

pericardium

The sac around the heart.

ventricle

The two thick, muscular cavities in the heart which pump the blood.

mitral valve

The valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle

aortic valve

The valve between the left ventricle and the aorta

tricuspid valve

The valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle

pulmonary valve

The valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

endocardium

Thick, fibrous inner layer of the heart

epicardium

Thin filmy tissue surrounding the heart

capillary

Tiny blood vessels between arterioles and venules

filter and purify interstitial fluids returning to the blood

What is the function of the lymph nodes?

the arteries carrying blood to the body, and the aorta

Which arteries carry oxygenated blood?

all veins entering the left atrium, left pulmonary veins, and right pulmonary veins

Which veins carry oxygenated blood?

they must withstand systolic pressure

Why do arteries require thicker walls than veins?

mitral

between the left atrium and the left ventricle

aortic

between the left ventricle and the aorta

tricuspid

between the right atrium and the right ventricle

pulmonary

between the right ventricle and the lungs

140/90

is considered too high for the average blood pressure for a healthy adult

lymph

lymphatic, Interstitial fluid that is transported in lymphatic vessels


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